Citation: Tuo Wang, Yueping Ding, Yuanfang Wang, Qingbai Tian, Xing Xu. Interfaces and synergy in heterogeneous material-microorganism hybrid systems for enhanced water remediation: Mechanisms and application strategies[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2026, 37(12): 113188. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2026.113188 shu

Interfaces and synergy in heterogeneous material-microorganism hybrid systems for enhanced water remediation: Mechanisms and application strategies

Tuo Wang ^a ,
Yueping Ding ^a ,
Yuanfang Wang ^{b, *,} ,
Qingbai Tian ^c ,
Xing Xu ^{c, *,}

a.
School of Architecture and Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
b.
Department of Chemistry and Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, China
c.
Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China

20160024@wfu.edu.cn

xuxing@sdu.edu.cn

Received Date: 25 April 2026
Revised Date: 5 July 2026
Accepted Date: 7 July 2026
Available Online: 7 July 2026

Figures(12)

This review critically examines the rapidly developing field of heterogeneous material-microbe hybrid systems for advanced wastewater remediation. To address the inherent limitations of conventional physico-chemical and biological methods, such as low efficiency and poor stability, these systems combine conductive or photoactive materials (e.g., zero-valent iron, magnetite, graphitic carbon nitride) with functional microorganisms to construct synergistic interfaces. These interfaces facilitate crucial direct or indirect electron transfer, significantly enhance microbial metabolic activity, and provide protective microenvironments. Recent advances underscore their remarkable effectiveness in the degradation of refractory organic pollutants, enhanced nitrogen removal and bioreduction of heavy metal, even under challenging low-substrate conditions. Despite promising progress, significant challenges persist, including a limited mechanistic understanding of interfacial electron transfer at the molecular level and a notable gap in the design of efficient reactor configurations. This work provides a systematic analysis of interfacial electron transfer mechanisms in heterogeneous material-microorganism hybrid systems, categorizes the photocatalytic biohybrid systems and non-photocatalytic biohybrid systems for enhanced water remediation, and evaluates reactor design strategies. Finally, it outlines future research priorities, emphasizing the development of stable and cost-effective heterogeneous materials, advanced microbial protection strategies, integration with reactor engineering and real-world scenarios, as well as long-term economic and environmental assessment.
- Heterogeneous material,
- Microorganism,
- Biohybrid systems,
- Water remediation,
- Application strategies
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142