Citation: Hao Li, Yu-Xuan Zhao, Jin-Bo Niu, Jian Song, Sai-Yang Zhang. Hydrazide-based HDAC inhibitors and PROTAC degraders in drug discovery: Recent developments and therapeutic applications[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2026, 37(11): 112263. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112263 shu

Hydrazide-based HDAC inhibitors and PROTAC degraders in drug discovery: Recent developments and therapeutic applications

Hao Li ^{a, b, 1} ,
Yu-Xuan Zhao ^{a, 1} ,
Jin-Bo Niu ^c ,
Jian Song ^{a, *,} ,
Sai-Yang Zhang ^{a, *,}

a.
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
b.
The First Clinical Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
c.
The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China

mumuandzz@163.com

saiyangz@zzu.edu.cn

Received Date: 11 August 2025
Revised Date: 9 December 2025
Accepted Date: 10 December 2025
Available Online: 11 December 2025

Figures(13)

Histone deacetylases (HDACs), recognized as promising anticancer targets, maintain cellular homeostasis by catalyzing histone deacetylation and play crucial roles in regulating gene expression. Although seven HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and/or National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), they still face clinical challenges such as insufficient selectivity, poor metabolic stability, and dose-limiting toxicities in epigenetic therapy. Hydrazide-based HDACis exhibit high potency, metabolic stability and resistance to glucuronidation, attributed to their bidentate chelation of the catalytic Zn²⁺ through the carbonyl oxygen and hydrazide nitrogen, demonstrating therapeutic potential in diseases such as cancer, inflammation, and neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, the alkyl chain length at the hydrazide terminus could be tailored to adapt to the substrate pockets of different HDAC isoforms, modulating inhibitory selectivity. The Cap group further serves as a versatile attachment point for diverse pharmacophores, enabling the rational design of dual-target inhibitors or proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) degraders. Currently, numerous hydrazide-based HDACis, including single-target HDACis, dual-target HDACis, and PROTAC degraders, have been reported and demonstrate promising therapeutic potential in cancer, immune or inflammation, though candidates remain that have not yet progressed to clinical trials. Therefore, we here summarized the rational design, molecular docking studies, inhibitory activities, and therapeutic potential of hydrazide-based HDACis, encompassing single-target, dual-target, and PROTAC-based agents, for various diseases, providing insights for developing novel HDACi-based therapeutics.
- HDAC,
- Hydrazide,
- Inhibitors,
- Activities,
- Selectivity,
- Cancer,
- Inflammation
1. [1]
  A. Bird, Nature 447 (2007) 396–398. doi: 10.1038/nature05913
2. [2]
  S.J. Hogg, P.A. Beavis, M.A. Dawson, R.W. Johnstone, Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 19 (2020) 776–800. doi: 10.1038/s41573-020-0077-5
3. [3]
  K. Nepali, J.P. Liou, J. Biomed. Sci. 28 (2021) 27. doi: 10.1186/s12929-021-00721-x
4. [4]
  M. Shvedunova, A. Akhtar, Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 23 (2022) 329–349. doi: 10.1038/s41580-021-00441-y
5. [5]
  S. Zhao, W. Xu, W. Jiang, et al., Science 327 (2010) 1000–1004. doi: 10.1126/science.1179689
6. [6]
  P. Gallinari, S. Di Marco, P. Jones, M. Pallaoro, C. Steinkühler, Cell Res. 17 (2007) 195–211. doi: 10.1038/sj.cr.7310149
7. [7]
  Y. He, L. Xu, J. Feng, K. Wu, Y. Zhao, H. Huang, Mol. Ther. Oncolytics 18 (2020) 623–630. doi: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.08.003
8. [8]
  E. Cambria, M.F. Coughlin, M.A. Floryan, et al., Nat. Rev. Cancer 24 (2024) 216–228. doi: 10.1038/s41568-023-00656-5
9. [9]
  Y. Sun, X. Bao, Y. Ren, et al., Cell Death Dis. 10 (2019) 400. doi: 10.1038/s41419-019-1597-y
10. [10]
  F.B. Kraft, L. Biermann, L. Schäker-Hübner, et al., J. Med. Chem. 67 (2024) 17796–17819. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01817
11. [11]
  D. Stopper, L. Biermann, P.R. Watson, et al., J. Med. Chem. 68 (2025) 4426–4452. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c02373
12. [12]
  F. Condorelli, I. Gnemmi, A. Vallario, A.A. Genazzani, P.L. Canonico, Br. J. Pharmacol. 153 (2008) 657–668. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707608
13. [13]
  T. Liang, F. Wang, R.M. Elhassan, et al., Acta Pharm. Sin. B 13 (2023) 2425–2463. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.02.007
14. [14]
  T.C.S. Ho, A.H.Y. Chan, A. Ganesan, J. Med. Chem. 63 (2020) 12460–12484. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00830
15. [15]
  W.W. Hancock, T. Akimova, U.H. Beier, Y. Liu, L. Wang, Ann. Rheum. Dis. 71 (2012) i46–i54. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-200593
16. [16]
  C. Brancolini, T. Gagliano, M. Minisini, Pharmacol. Ther. 238 (2022) 108190. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108190
17. [17]
  S. Pulya, S.A. Amin, N. Adhikari, et al., Pharmacol. Res. 163 (2021) 105274. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105274
18. [18]
  F. Wang, Y. Jin, M. Wang, et al., Nat. Med. 30 (2024) 1035–1043. doi: 10.1038/s41591-024-02813-1
19. [19]
  X. He, Y. Li, J. Li, et al., Adv. Sci. 12 (2025) e2413121. doi: 10.1002/advs.202413121
20. [20]
  K. Yue, S. Sun, G. Jia, et al., J. Med. Chem. 65 (2022) 12140–12162. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00853
21. [21]
  D.M. Wilson 3rd, M.R. Cookson, L. Van Den Bosch, et al., Cell 186 (2023) 693–714. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.12.032
22. [22]
  A. Chakrabarti, I. Oehme, O. Witt, et al., Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 36 (2015) 481–492. doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2015.04.013
23. [23]
  L. Ning, X. Rui, W. Bo, G. Qing, Cell Death Dis. 12 (2021) 734. doi: 10.1038/s41419-021-04019-6
24. [24]
  Y. Liao, J. Cheng, X. Kong, et al., Theranostics 10 (2020) 9644–9662. doi: 10.7150/thno.47651
25. [25]
  Y. Tang, Y.H. Lin, H.Y. Ni, et al., J. Am. Heart Assoc. 6 (2017) e007236. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.117.007236
26. [26]
  J.J. McClure, C. Zhang, E.S. Inks, et al., J. Med. Chem. 59 (2016) 9942–9959. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01385
27. [27]
  S. Jain, J. Zain, O. O’Connor, J. Hematol. Oncol. 5 (2012) 24. doi: 10.1186/1756-8722-5-24
28. [28]
  A. Zhuang, X. Gu, T. Ge, et al., Cancer Commun. 43 (2023) 1185–1206. doi: 10.1002/cac2.12471
29. [29]
  R.M. Tordera, M. Cortés-Erice, Role of histone deacetylases in monocyte function in health and chronic inflammatory diseases, in: S.H.F. Pedersen (Ed.), Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, 180, Springer, Cham, 2021, pp. 1–47.
30. [30]
  C. Micelli, G. Rastelli, Drug Discov. Today 20 (2015) 718–735. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2015.01.007
31. [31]
  S. Pulya, A. Himaja, M. Paul, et al., J. Med. Chem. 66 (2023) 12033–12058. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00614
32. [32]
  M. Zhang, J.B. Ying, S.S. Wang, et al., J. Cell Biochem. 121 (2020) 3162–3172. doi: 10.1002/jcb.29583
33. [33]
  S. Pulya, T. Patel, M. Paul, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem. 238 (2022) 114470. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114470
34. [34]
  K. Yue, M. Qin, C. Huang, et al., Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 70 (2022) 128797. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128797
35. [35]
  P.C. Chen, V. Patil, W. Guerrant, P. Green, A.K. Oyelere, Bioorg. Med. Chem. 16 (2008) 4839–4853. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.03.050
36. [36]
  S. Chung, J.B. Parker, M. Bianchet, L.M. Amzel, J.T. Stivers, Nat. Chem. Biol. 5 (2009) 407–413. doi: 10.1038/nchembio.163
37. [37]
  Y. Xiao, N. Awasthee, Y. Liu, et al., J. Med. Chem. 67 (2024) 12784–12806. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00761
38. [38]
  T.S. Ibrahim, T.A. Sheha, N.E. Abo-Dya, et al., Bioorg. Chem. 99 (2020) 103797. doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103797
39. [39]
  P.A. Marks, R. Breslow, Nat. Biotechnol. 25 (2007) 84–90. doi: 10.1038/nbt1272
40. [40]
  E. Bachy, V. Camus, C. Thieblemont, et al., J. Clin. Oncol. 40 (2022) 242–251. doi: 10.1200/jco.21.01815
41. [41]
  S.J. Whittaker, M.F. Demierre, E.J. Kim, et al., J. Clin. Oncol. 28 (2010) 4485–4491. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2010.28.9066
42. [42]
  Y. Zhang, W. Xu, H. Liu, J. Li, J. Hematol. Oncol. 9 (2016) 37. doi: 10.1186/s13045-016-0267-0
43. [43]
  P. Reimer, S. Chawla, J. Hematol. Oncol. 6 (2013) 69. doi: 10.1186/1756-8722-6-69
44. [44]
  J. Wu, D. Hu, H. Yu, et al., Cell Death Dis. 16 (2025) 522. doi: 10.1038/s41419-025-07775-x
45. [45]
  J. Lin, Z. Huang, Z. Cai, et al., J. Hematol. Oncol. 17 (2024) 101. doi: 10.1186/s13045-024-01624-8
46. [46]
  L. Naymagon, M. Abdul-Hay, J. Hematol. Oncol. 9 (2016) 52. doi: 10.1186/s13045-016-0282-1
47. [47]
  Y. Li, H. Zhang, Y. Merkher, et al., J. Hematol. Oncol. 15 (2022) 121. doi: 10.1186/s13045-022-01341-0
48. [48]
  A. Sonnenblick, S.A. Im, K.S. Lee, et al., Ann. Oncol. 32 (2021) S479.
49. [49]
  P. Liu, Y. Li, Y. Li, et al., J. Hematol. Oncol. 43 (2025) 7050. doi: 10.1200/jco.2025.43.16_suppl.7050
50. [50]
  M.Q. Shi, Y. Xu, X. Fu, et al., J. Hematol. Oncol. 17 (2024) 37. doi: 10.1186/s13045-024-01551-8
51. [51]
  M. Zhou, M. Yuan, M. Zhang, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem. 226 (2021) 113825. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113825
52. [52]
  H. Yang, B. Sun, K. Xu, et al., EBioMedicine 69 (2021) 103457. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103457
53. [53]
  S.P. Kang, J. Ramirez, L. House, et al., Pharmacogenet. Genom. 20 (2010) 638–641. doi: 10.1097/FPC.0b013e32833e1b37
54. [54]
  N.S. Wong, E.Z. Seah, L.Z. Wang, Pharmacogenet. Genom. 21 (2011) 760–768. doi: 10.1097/FPC.0b013e32834a8639
55. [55]
  L.Z. Wang, J. Ramírez, W. Yeo, et al., PLoS One 8 (2013) e54522. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054522
56. [56]
  K.H. Ali, S.K. Gupta, Y.J. Oh, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem. 295 (2025) 117785. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2025.117785
57. [57]
  W.X. Zhang, J. Huang, X.Y. Tian, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem. 259 (2023) 115673. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115673
58. [58]
  T.S. Ibrahim, A.M. Malebari, M.F.A. Mohamed, Pharmaceuticals 14 (2021) 1177. doi: 10.3390/ph14111177
59. [59]
  S. Banerjee, S.K. Baidya, N. Adhikari, T. Jha, B. Ghosh, Curr. Top. Med. Chem. 23 (2023) 2343–2372. doi: 10.2174/1568026623666230405124207
60. [60]
  A. Raucci, C. Zwergel, S. Valente, A. Mai, J. Med. Chem. 68 (2025) 14171–14194. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5c01677
61. [61]
  Z. Hu, S. Li, W. Pan, H. Wu, X. Peng, Eur. J. Med. Chem. 291 (2025) 117601. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2025.117601
62. [62]
  L. Zhang, J. Zhang, Q. Jiang, L. Zhang, W. Song, J. Enzyme Inhib. Med. Chem. 33 (2018) 714–721. doi: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1417274
63. [63]
  S. Sun, Q. Jia, Z. Zhang, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 29 (2019) 2535–2550. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.07.033
64. [64]
  Y. Wang, R.L. Stowe, C.E. Pinello, et al., Chem. Biol. 22 (2015) 273–284. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.12.015
65. [65]
  P.J. Watson, L. Fairall, G.M. Santos, J.W.R. Schwabe, Nature 481 (2012) 335–340. doi: 10.1038/nature10728
66. [66]
  X. Li, Y.K. Peterson, E.S. Inks, et al., J. Med. Chem. 61 (2018) 2589–2603. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00136
67. [67]
  R.P. Paulino, R.B. Alves, H. Silva, R.P. de Freitas, Med. Chem. Res. 33 (2024) 2110–2121. doi: 10.1007/s00044-024-03307-y
68. [68]
  M. Piesche, J. Roos, B. Kühn, et al., Front. Pharmacol. 11 (2020) 1297. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01297
69. [69]
  Y. Jiang, J. Xu, K. Yue, et al., J. Med. Chem. 65 (2022) 285–302. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01472
70. [70]
  C.J. Millard, P.J. Watson, I. Celardo, et al., Mol. Cell 51 (2013) 57–67. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2013.05.020
71. [71]
  J.H. Kalin, J.A. Bergman, J. Med. Chem. 56 (2013) 6297–6313. doi: 10.1021/jm4001659
72. [72]
  V.G. Magupalli, R. Negro, Y. Tian, et al., Science 369 (2020) eaas8995. doi: 10.1126/science.aas8995
73. [73]
  Y. Hai, D.W. Christianson, Nat. Chem. Biol. 12 (2016) 741–747. doi: 10.1038/nchembio.2134
74. [74]
  J.R. Somoza, R.J. Skene, B.A. Katz, et al., Structure 12 (2004) 1325–1334. doi: 10.1016/j.str.2004.04.012
75. [75]
  P. Sun, J. Wang, K.S. Khan, J. Med. Chem. 65 (2022) 16313–16337. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01132
76. [76]
  J. Minami, R. Suzuki, R. Mazitschek, Leukemia 28 (2014) 680–689. doi: 10.1038/leu.2013.231
77. [77]
  Z. Sun, C. Xu, J. Cheng, J. Med. Chem. 67 (2024) 13067–13088. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01062
78. [78]
  F. Li, Z. Zheng, W. Chen, et al., Drug Resist. Update. 68 (2023) 100938. doi: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.100938
79. [79]
  E. Liu, Y. Chen, M. Qin, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem. 276 (2024) 116663. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116663
80. [80]
  P.J. Watson, C.J. Millard, A.M. Riley, et al., Nat. Commun. 7 (2016) 11262. doi: 10.1038/ncomms11262
81. [81]
  Z. Sun, J. Cheng, C. Xu, et al., J. Med. Chem. 68 (2025) 3048–3064. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c02296
82. [82]
  S. Li, Z. Hu, W. Pan, et al., J. Med. Chem. 68 (2025) 3212–3237. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c02445
83. [83]
  K. Yue, S. Sun, Z. Yin, et al., J. Med. Chem. 68 (2025) 9279–9302. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c02883
84. [84]
  R. Liu, W. Duan, W. Yan, J. Zhang, J. Cheng, Chin. Chem. Lett. 35 (2024) 108136. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108136
85. [85]
  B. Biersack, S. Polat, M. Höpfner, Semin. Cancer Biol. 83 (2022) 472–486. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.005
86. [86]
  Z. Feng, G. Kang, J. Wang, et al., Biomed. Pharmacother. 158 (2023) 114174. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114174
87. [87]
  G. Monteleone, A. Moscardelli, A. Colella, I. Marafini, S. Salvatori, Autoimmun. Rev. 22 (2023) 103410. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103410
88. [88]
  R.L. Siegel, K.D. Miller, N.S. Wagle, A. Jemal, CA Cancer J. Clin. 73 (2023) 17–48. doi: 10.3322/caac.21763
89. [89]
  R.L. Siegel, A.N. Giaquinto, A. Jemal, CA Cancer J. Clin. 74 (2024) 12–49. doi: 10.3322/caac.21820
90. [90]
  S. Sharmin, M.M. Rahaman, M. Martorell, et al., Cancer Cell Int. 21 (2021) 612. doi: 10.1186/s12935-021-02309-9
91. [91]
  X. Li, X. Li, F. Liu, S. Li, D. Shi, J. Med. Chem. 64 (2021) 10581–10605. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00683
92. [92]
  J. Song, X. Liu, Y.F. Zhang, et al., Bioorg. Chem. 131 (2023) 106328. doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106328
93. [93]
  A. Anighoro, J. Bajorath, G. Rastelli, J. Med. Chem. 57 (2014) 7874–7887. doi: 10.1021/jm5006463
94. [94]
  X.H. Makhoba, C. Viegas Jr., R.A. Mosa, F.P.D. Viegas, O.J. Pooe, Drug Des. Devel. Ther. 14 (2020) 3235–3249. doi: 10.2147/dddt.s257494
95. [95]
  Q. Sun, Q. Dai, C. Zhang, et al., Chin. Chem. Lett. 32 (2021) 2479–2483. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.02.004
96. [96]
  X. Xue, Y. Zhang, Y. Liao, et al., Invest. New Drugs 40 (2022) 10–20. doi: 10.1007/s10637-021-01169-4
97. [97]
  K. Yue, S. Sun, E. Liu, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem. 266 (2024) 116127. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116127
98. [98]
  Z. Wang, H. He, X. Liao, et al., J. Med. Chem. 68 (2025) 8046–8064. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c02529
99. [99]
  B. Hou, G. Jia, Z. Li, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem. 292 (2025) 117658. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2025.117658
100. [100]
  W.B. Liu, J. Song, S.Y. Zhang, Future Med. Chem. 17 (2025) 5–7. doi: 10.1080/17568919.2024.2437975
101. [101]
  J. Zang, X. Liang, Y. Huang, et al., J. Med. Chem. 61 (2018) 5304–5322. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00384
102. [102]
  M. Zak, P.W. Yuen, X. Liu, et al., J. Med. Chem. 59 (2016) 8345–8368. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00697
103. [103]
  N. Böhnke, M. Berger, N. Griebenow, et al., Bioconjug. Chem. 33 (2022) 1210–1221. doi: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00178
104. [104]
  J. Yoshino, J.A. Baur, S.I. Imai, Cell Metab. 27 (2018) 513–528. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.11.002
105. [105]
  C. Sun, Y. Cheng, X. Liu, et al., Acta. Pharm. Sin. B 12 (2022) 4446–4457. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.04.007
106. [106]
  M. Jiang, M. Liu, G. Liu, et al., MAbs 15 (2023) 2236740. doi: 10.1080/19420862.2023.2236740
107. [107]
  A. Hollebecque, H.C. Chung, M.J. de Miguel, et al., Clin. Cancer Res. 27 (2021) 6393–6404. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-0261
108. [108]
  K. Pang, Z.D. Shi, L.Y. Wei, et al., Drug Resist. Updat. 66 (2023) 100907. doi: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100907
109. [109]
  T. Wang, S. Cai, M. Wang, et al., J. Med. Chem. 64 (2021) 7390–7403. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00010
110. [110]
  K.M. Zak, P. Grudnik, K. Guzik, et al., Oncotarget 7 (2016) 30323–30335. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.8730
111. [111]
  K.E. de Visser, J.A. Joyce, Cancer Cell 41 (2023) 374–403. doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.02.016
112. [112]
  Q. Gong, J. Song, Y. Song, et al., Chin. Chem. Lett. 36 (2025) 110456. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110456
113. [113]
  M. Békés, D.R. Langley, C.M. Crews, Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 21 (2022) 181–200. doi: 10.1038/s41573-021-00371-6
114. [114]
  Y. Xiong, K.A. Donovan, N.A. Eleuteri, et al., Cell Chem. Biol. 28 (2021) 1514–1527 e1514. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.07.002
115. [115]
  H. Zhu, J. Wang, Q. Zhang, X. Pan, J. Zhang, Pharmacol. Ther. 244 (2023) 108371. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108371
116. [116]
  C. Zhang, Y. Liu, G. Li, et al., Sci. Bull. 69 (2024) 1776–1797. doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.03.056
117. [117]
  X. Wang, Z.L. Qin, N. Li, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem. 267 (2024) 116166. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116166
118. [118]
  S. Chen, Y. Zheng, B. Liang, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem. 260 (2023) 115746. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115746
119. [119]
  Y. Sun, X. Luo, Z. Yang, et al., Chin. Chem. Lett. 34 (2023) 107924. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.107924
120. [120]
  S. Darwish, E. Ghazy, T. Heimburg, et al., Int. J. Mol. Sci. 23 (2022) 7535. doi: 10.3390/ijms23147535
121. [121]
  X. Wang, N. Li, Y.H. Liu, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem. 276 (2024) 116678. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116678
122. [122]
  Y. Liu, J. Liang, M. Zheng, et al., Chin. Chem. Lett. 36 (2025) 110317. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110317
123. [123]
  X. Teng, X. Zhao, Y. Dai, et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 146 (2024) 27382–27391. doi: 10.1021/jacs.4c06402
124. [124]
  C. Wang, Y. Zhang, W. Yu, J. Xu, D. Xing, Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 261 (2024) 129864. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129864
125. [125]
  M. Cornu, T. Lemaitre, C. Kieffer, A.S. Voisin-Chiret, Drug Discov. Today 30 (2025) 104376. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2025.104376
126. [126]
  H.S. Ibrahim, M. Guo, S. Hilscher, et al., Bioorg. Chem. 153 (2024) 107887. doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107887
127. [127]
  H.K. Garcha, O.O. Olaoye, A. Sedighi, et al., J. Med. Chem. 68 (2025) 6165–6177. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c02021
128. [128]
  Y. Xiao, S. Hale, N. Awasthee, et al., Cell Chem. Biol. 30 (2023) 1421–1435 e1412. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.07.010
129. [129]
  Y. Xiao, J. Wang, L.Y. Zhao, et al., Chem. Commun. 56 (2020) 9866–9869. doi: 10.1039/d0cc03243c
130. [130]
  S. Balasubramanian, J. Ramos, W. Luo, et al., Leukemia 22 (2008) 1026–1034. doi: 10.1038/leu.2008.9
131. [131]
  Q. Zhao, H. Liu, J. Peng, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem. 280 (2024) 116972. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116972
132. [132]
  M.F. Emmons, R.L. Bennett, A. Riva, Nat. Commun. 14 (2023) 7759. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-43519-1
133. [133]
  W. Yang, Y. Feng, J. Zhou, et al., Sci. Transl. Med. 13 (2021) eaaz6804. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz6804
134. [134]
  C. Zhao, J. Zhang, H. Zhou, J. Med. Chem. 67 (2024) 14016–14039. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00836
135. [135]
  B.E.L. Lauffer, R. Mintzer, R. Fong, et al., J. Biol. Chem. 288 (2013) 26926–26943. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M113.490706
136. [136]
  D. Stopper, I. Honin, F. Feller, F.K. Hansen, ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 16 (2025) 487–495. doi: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00033
137. [137]
  E.S. Fischer, K. Böhm, J.R. Lydeard, et al., Nature 512 (2014) 49–53. doi: 10.1038/nature13527
1. [1]
  Yajun Gao , Xinyu Yang , Jian Su , Zhizhong Li . A stable scandium(III) metal-organic framework with introduced nitrate ions for enhancing C₂H₆/C₂H₄ selectivity in the separation of MTO products. Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry, 2025, 44(6): 100576-100576. doi: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2025.100576
2. [2]
  Lu-Lu He , Lan-Tu Xiong , Xin Wang , Yu-Zhen Li , Jia-Bao Li , Yu Shi , Xin Deng , Zi-Ning Cui . Application of inhibitors targeting the type III secretion system in phytopathogenic bacteria. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(4): 110044-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110044
3. [3]
  Yan Zhao , Zhenming Tian , Qisen Jia , Ting Yao , Jiashu Li , Yanan Wang , Xuejing Cui , Jing Liu , Xin Chen , Luhua Jiang . Crystal orientation dependent charge transfer dynamics and interfacial water configuration boosting photoelectrocatalytic water oxidation to H2O2. Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry, 2025, 44(7): 100619-100619. doi: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2025.100619
4. [4]
  Shen Wang , Yi Wei , Weijie Li , Chao Han . Advances in copper-based catalysts for selective CO₂ electroreduction to C1 and C2 products. Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry, 2026, 45(8): 100944-100944. doi: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2026.100944
5. [5]
  Hui Lei , Yingying Jiang , Jiayu Liu , Weifeng Zhang , Fanbo Meng , Jun Mou , Wenyi Liu , Pengcheng Lei , Rui Xiong , Zan Xu , Hang Zhang , Yanjun Wang , Guo-Bo Li , Lingling Yang , Hua-Li Wang . Structure-activity relationship studies of 3,4-disubstitued indole-2-ketone derivatives identify a potent glutaminyl cyclase inhibitor with antitumor activity against breast cancer. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2026, 37(6): 111511-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111511
6. [6]
  Yang Li , Ning Sheng , Kun Wang , Yuhuan Li , Jiandong Jiang , Jinlan Zhang . Azvudine alleviates SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammation by targeting myeloperoxidase in NETosis. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(5): 110238-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110238
7. [7]
  Gaowa Xing , Yuxuan Li , Hongren Yao , Qiang Zhang , Zengnan Wu , Caihou Lin , Jin-Ming Lin . Tryptophan accumulation and inflammation of glioblastoma cells in a multicomponent microchip for gut-brain-axis simulation. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(12): 111035-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111035
8. [8]
  Qi Huang , Jun Liao , Jingjing Li , Zhengyan Gu , Xinkang Zhang , Mingxue Sun , Wenqi Meng , Guanchao Mao , Zhipeng Pei , Shanshan Zhang , Songling Li , Chuan Zhang , Yunqin Wang , Jihao Liu , Tingbin Shu , Min Tao , Ying Lu , Kai Xiao , Qingqiang Xu , Jincai Lu . Curcumin-loaded ceria nanoenzymes for dual-action suppression of inflammation and alleviation of oxidative damage in the treatment of acute lung injury. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(4): 109914-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109914
9. [9]
  Caixia Zhu , Qing Hong , Kaiyuan Wang , Yanfei Shen , Songqin Liu , Yuanjian Zhang . Single nanozyme-based colorimetric biosensor for dopamine with enhanced selectivity via reactivity of oxidation intermediates. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(10): 109560-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109560
10. [10]
  Congyan Liu , Xueyao Zhou , Fei Ye , Bin Jiang , Bo Liu . Confined electric field in nano-sized channels of ionic porous framework towards unique adsorption selectivity. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(2): 109969-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109969
11. [11]
  Hao Cai , Xiaoyan Wu , Lei Jiang , Feng Yu , Yuxiang Yang , Yan Li , Xian Zhang , Jian Liu , Zijian Li , Hong Bi . Lysosome-targeted carbon dots with a light-controlled nitric oxide releasing property for enhanced photodynamic therapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 108946-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108946
12. [12]
  Yuanzhan Wang , Qingyu Zhao , Xuanjun Wu . Development of Globo-H conjugated bacteriophage Qβ mutant virus-like particles as an anticancer vaccine. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2026, 37(7): 111642-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111642
13. [13]
  Zimo Yang , Yan Tong , Yongbo Liu , Qianlong Liu , Zhihao Ni , Yuna He , Yu Rao . Developing selective PI3K degraders to modulate both kinase and non-kinase functions. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(11): 109577-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109577
14. [14]
  Feifei Wang , Hang Yao , Xinyue Wu , Yijian Tang , Yang Bai , Hui Chong , Huan Pang . Metal–organic framework and its composites modulate macrophage polarization in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(5): 108821-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108821
15. [15]
  Weijian Zhang , Xianyu Deng , Liying Wang , Jian Wang , Xiuting Guo , Lianggui Huang , Xinyi Wang , Jun Wu , Linjia Jiang . Poly(ferulic acid) nanocarrier enhances chemotherapy sensitivity of acute myeloid leukemia by selectively targeting inflammatory macrophages. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(9): 109422-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109422
16. [16]
  Xianzhu Luo , Feifei Yu , Rui Wang , Tian Su , Pan Luo , Pengfei Wen , Fabiao Yu . A near-infrared two-photon fluorescent probe for the detection of HClO in inflammatory and tumor-bearing mice. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(7): 110531-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110531
17. [17]
  Ruimiao Chang , Xinying Qu , Yuting Ye , Ying Qu , Bingyang Chu , Zhiyong Qian . Current advances in nanomedicine-based therapies for acute kidney injury. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(10): 110802-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110802
18. [18]
  Yikun Chen , Wenling Li , Juan Cao , Yongjun Wang , Yufang Guo , Liu Qing , Li Wang , Sisi Yu , Lei Xing , Hulin Jiang , Bing Wan . Break the vicious cycle and remodel the malignant inflammatory microenvironment in ARDS with efferocytosis-informed nanodrugs. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2026, 37(7): 111722-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111722
19. [19]
  Conghui Wang , Lei Xu , Zhenhua Jia , Teck-Peng Loh . Recent applications of macrocycles in supramolecular catalysis. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 109075-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109075
20. [20]
  Junyi Yu , Yin Cheng , Anhong Cai , Xianfeng Huang , Qingrui Zhang . Synthetic Cu(Ⅲ) from copper plating wastewater for onsite decomplexation of Cu(Ⅱ)- and Ni(Ⅱ)-organic complexes. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(2): 110549-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110549

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(0)
Abstract views(42)
HTML views(5)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142