Citation: Sameena Noor Khattak, Kodzo Prosper Adzavon, Weijian Zhao, Wang Sheng. Advances in neoantigen peptide-based nanovaccines for targeted tumor immunotherapy: Multifaceted strategies, challenges, and future perspectives[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2026, 37(11): 112244. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112244 shu

Advances in neoantigen peptide-based nanovaccines for targeted tumor immunotherapy: Multifaceted strategies, challenges, and future perspectives

College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China

Received Date: 23 August 2025
Revised Date: 8 December 2025
Accepted Date: 9 December 2025
Available Online: 10 December 2025

Figures(6)

Tumor vaccines have emerged as a potentially effective strategy for inducing a strong antitumor immune response and lasting immune memory. In lymph nodes (LNs), tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) or tumor-specific antigens (TSAs, neoantigens) are presented to antigen-presenting cells (APCs), particularly dendritic cells (DCs), to stimulate T-cell responses against tumor cells. By leveraging patient-specific mutations, personalized neoantigen-based vaccines offer a more targeted approach, enhancing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. Vaccines based on peptides are a better source of neoantigens due to their affordability, safety, and ease of modification. However, problems such as low accumulation in LNs, inefficient antigen presentation, and low immunogenicity have hampered their clinical progression. To solve these problems, vaccine development is increasingly utilizing nanotechnologies. By preventing antigen degradation, ensuring controlled release, and facilitating targeted delivery to LNs and APCs, nanoparticles (NPs) significantly enhance vaccine immunogenicity. Their adaptable and versatile physicochemical characteristics enable improved APCs uptake and co-delivery of adjuvants, boosting the immune response. The role of NP-based platforms in the development of peptide neoantigen vaccines is examined in this review. Important tactics for maximizing their efficacy, such as the design of peptide neoantigens with multiple epitopes, the choice of optimal nanomaterials, combinatorial approaches, and multiadjuvant approaches, are highlighted. Furthermore, a review of the present obstacles to the development of nanovaccines, including biocompatibility, stability, and scalability, is provided, along with a roadmap for potential future clinical use.
- Cancer vaccines,
- Neoantigens,
- Peptides vaccines,
- Nanoparticles,
- Immunotherapy
1. [1]
  O.K. Dagher, R.D. Schwab, S.K. Brookens, A.D. Posey, Cell 186 (2023) 1814-1814.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.02.039
2. [2]
  S. Taefehshokr, A. Parhizkar, S. Hayati, et al., Pathol. Res. Pract. 229 (2022) 153723. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153723
3. [3]
  Y. Yang, J. Clin. Invest. 125 (2015) 3335–3337. doi: 10.1172/JCI83871
4. [4]
  C. Peterson, N. Denlinger, Y. Yang, Cancers 14 (2022) 3972. doi: 10.3390/cancers14163972
5. [5]
  Y. Wang, H. Zhang, C. Liu, et al., J. Hematol. Oncol. 15 (2022) 111. doi: 10.1186/s13045-022-01325-0
6. [6]
  C. Liu, M. Yang, D. Zhang, M. Chen, D. Zhu, Front. Immunol. 13 (2022) 961805. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.961805
7. [7]
  C. Pilard, M. Ancion, P. Delvenne, et al., J. Cancer 125 (2021) 927–938. doi: 10.1038/s41416-021-01413-x
8. [8]
  S. Tan, D. Li, X. Zhu, Biomed. Pharmacother. Biomed. Pharmacother. 124 (2020) 109821. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109821
9. [9]
  M.J. Lin, J. Svensson-Arvelund, G.S. Lubitz, et al., Brody, Nat. Cancer 3 (2022) 911–926. doi: 10.1038/s43018-022-00418-6
10. [10]
  M. Saxena, S.H. van der Burg, C.J.M. Melief, N. Bhardwaj, Nat. Rev. Cancer 21 (2021) 360–378. doi: 10.1038/s41568-021-00346-0
11. [11]
  N. Zaidi, E.M. Jaffee, M. Yarchoan, Nat. Rev. Cancer 25 (2025) 517–533. doi: 10.1038/s41568-025-00820-z
12. [12]
  T. Fan, M. Zhang, J. Yang, et al., Signal. Transduct. Target. Ther. 8 (2023) 450. doi: 10.1038/s41392-023-01674-3
13. [13]
  M. Peng, Y. Mo, Y. Wang, et al., Mol. Cancer 18 (2019) 128. doi: 10.1186/s12943-019-1055-6
14. [14]
  N. Xie, G. Shen, W. Gao, Z. Huang, C. Huang, L. Fu, Signal. Transduct. Target. Ther. 8 (2023) 9. doi: 10.1038/s41392-022-01270-x
15. [15]
  Z. Hu, P.A. Ott, C.J. Wu, Nat. Rev. Immunol. 18 (2018) 168–182. doi: 10.1038/nri.2017.131
16. [16]
  L. Buonaguro, M. Tagliamonte, Vaccines 8 (2020) 615. doi: 10.3390/vaccines8040615
17. [17]
  T.N. Schumacher, R.D. Schreiber, Science 1979 348 (2015) 69–74. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4971
18. [18]
  G.M. Lynn, C. Sedlik, F. Baharom, et al., Nat. Biotechnol. 38 (2020) 320–332. doi: 10.1038/s41587-019-0390-x
19. [19]
  H.C. Liao, S.J. Liu, J. Biomed. Sci. 32 (2025) 10. doi: 10.1186/s12929-024-01102-w
20. [20]
  R. Sarangi, S. Mishra, S. Mahapatra, Indian J. Clin. Biochem. 40 (2025) 191–200. doi: 10.1007/s12291-024-01201-3
21. [21]
  J. Liu, M. Fu, M. Wang, et al., J. Hematol. Oncol. 15 (2022) 28. doi: 10.1117/12.2628549
22. [22]
  A. Addeo, A. Friedlaender, E. Giovannetti, et al., Curr. Oncol. Rep. 23 (2021) 137. doi: 10.1007/s11912-021-01130-x
23. [23]
  W. Xiao, W. Jiang, Z. Chen, et al., Signal. Transduct. Target. Ther. 10 (2025) 74. doi: 10.1038/s41392-024-02107-5
24. [24]
  P.D. Katsikis, K.J. Ishii, C. Schliehe, Nat. Rev. Immunol. 24 (2024) 213–227. doi: 10.1038/s41577-023-00937-y
25. [25]
  D. Liu, L. Liu, X. Li, et al., Vaccines 12 (2024) 950. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12080950
26. [26]
  M.M. Melssen, G.R. Petroni, K.A. Chianese-Bullock, et al., J. ImmunOther Cancer 7 (2019) 163. doi: 10.1186/s40425-019-0625-x
27. [27]
  Z. Nafiah, A. Atha, A.I. Rizkita, N.S.O. Ujiantari, A. Hermawan, Vacunas. 26 (2025) 500390. doi: 10.1016/j.vacun.2025.500390
28. [28]
  M. Iero, P. Filipazzi, C. Castelli, et al., Cancer Immunol. Immunther. 58 (2009) 1159–1167. doi: 10.1007/s00262-008-0610-6
29. [29]
  Z. Sun, H. Zhao, L. Ma, et al., J. Nanobiotechnology. 22 (2024) 61. doi: 10.56578/esm020201
30. [30]
  J. Liu, L. Miao, J. Sui, Y. Hao, G. Huang, Asian J. Pharm. Sci. 15 (2020) 576–590.
31. [31]
  J. Guo, L. Tang, K. Li, et al., Adv. Nanobiomed. Res. 3 (2023) 2200122. doi: 10.1002/anbr.202200122
32. [32]
  J.D. Martin, H. Cabral, T. Stylianopoulos, R.K. Jain, Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 17 (2020) 251–266. doi: 10.1038/s41571-019-0308-z
33. [33]
  W. Song, S.N. Musetti, L. Huang, Biomaterials 148 (2017) 16–30. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.09.017
34. [34]
  M. Yang, J. Li, P. Gu, X. Fan, Bioact. Mater. 6 (2021) 1973–1987.
35. [35]
  L. Jeanbart, M. Ballester, A. de Titta, et al., Cancer Immunol. Res. 2 (2014) 436–447. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-14-0019-T
36. [36]
  Y. Yi, M. Yu, W. Li, D. Zhu, L. Mei, M. Ou, J. Control. Release 355 (2023) 760–778. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.02.015
37. [37]
  J.M. Silva, E. Zupancic, G. Vandermeulen, et al., J. Control. Release 198 (2015) 91–103. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.11.033
38. [38]
  S. Xu, Z. Feng, Y. Zhang, et al., Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 222 (2022) 1936–1947. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.283
39. [39]
  G. Zhu, F. Zhang, Q. Ni, G. Niu, X. Chen, ACS Nano 11 (2017) 2387–2392. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.7b00978
40. [40]
  K.P. Adzavon, W. Zhao, S.N. Khattak, W. Sheng, Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 311 (2025) 143456. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.143456
41. [41]
  L. Wang, N. Wang, W. Zhang, et al., Signal. Transduct. Target. Ther. 7 (2022) 48. doi: 10.56028/aemr.1.1.48
42. [42]
  E. Rosson, F. Lux, L. David, Y. Godfrin, O. Tillement, E. Thomas, Int. J. Pharm. 675 (2025) 125555. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125555
43. [43]
  S. Marqus, E. Pirogova, T.J. Piva, J. Biomed. Sci. 24 (2017) 21. doi: 10.1186/s12929-017-0328-x
44. [44]
  U. Toh, S. Sakurai, S. Saku, et al., Cancer Sci. 111 (2020) 2760–2769. doi: 10.1111/cas.14510
45. [45]
  R. Sundar, S.Y. Rha, H. Yamaue, et al., BMC Cancer 18 (2018) 332. doi: 10.1186/s12885-018-4234-8
46. [46]
  O. Adotévi, D. Vernerey, P. Jacoulet, et al., J. Clin. Oncol. 41 (2023) 373–384. doi: 10.1200/jco.22.00096
47. [47]
  M. Platten, L. Bunse, A. Wick, et al., Nature 592 (2021) 463–468. doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03363-z
48. [48]
  S. Kondo, T. Shimizu, T. Koyama, J, et al., Cancer Sci. 112 (2021) 1514–1523. doi: 10.1111/cas.14765
49. [49]
  W. Liu, H. Tang, L. Li, X. Wang, Z. Yu, J. Li, Cell Prolif. 54 (2021) e13025. doi: 10.1111/cpr.13025
50. [50]
  C.C. Smith, S.R. Selitsky, S. Chai, P, et al., Nat. Rev. Cancer 19 (2019) 465–478. doi: 10.1038/s41568-019-0162-4
51. [51]
  T. Jiang, T. Shi, H. Zhang, et al., J. Hematol. Oncol. 12 (2019) 93. doi: 10.1186/s13045-019-0787-5
52. [52]
  A. Nelde, H.G. Rammensee, J.S. Walz, Mol. Cell Proteomics 20 (2021) 100022. doi: 10.1074/mcp.R120.002309
53. [53]
  C.J.M. Melief, T. van Hall, R. Arens, F. Ossendorp, S.H. van der Burg, J. Clin. Invest. 125 (2015) 3401–3412. doi: 10.1172/JCI80009
54. [54]
  M.C. Sellars, C.J. Wu, E.F. Fritsch, Cell 185 (2022) 2770–2788. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.06.035
55. [55]
  M. Kaczmarek, J. Poznańska, F. Fechner, et al., Cells 12 (2023) 2159. doi: 10.3390/cells12172159
56. [56]
  F. Lang, B. Schrörs, M. Löwer, Ö. Türeci, U. Sahin, Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 21 (2022) 261–282. doi: 10.1038/s41573-021-00387-y
57. [57]
  M. Shah, S. Rafiq, H.G. Woo, Trends. Pharmacol. Sci. 45 (2024) 1104–1118. doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2024.10.013
58. [58]
  E. Blass, P.A. Ott, Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 18 (2021) 215–229. doi: 10.1038/s41571-020-00460-2
59. [59]
  N. Biswas, S. Chakrabarti, V. Padul, L.D. Jones, S. Ashili, Front. Immunol. 14 (2023) 1105420. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1105420
60. [60]
  Z. Chen, S. Zhang, N. Han, et al., Front. Immunol. 12 (2021) 691605. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.691605
61. [61]
  P.M. Dillon, C.L. Slingluff, Peptide vaccine: overview, in: J.L. Marshall (Ed.), Cancer Therapeutic Targets, Springer, New York, 2017, pp. 427–439.
62. [62]
  B.A. Shah, J.A. Holden, J.C. Lenzo, S. Hadjigol, N.M. O’Brien-Simpson, NPJ Vaccines 10 (2025) 68. doi: 10.1038/s41541-025-01118-9
63. [63]
  N. Abd-Aziz, C.L. Poh, J. Oncol. 2022 (2022) 9749363.
64. [64]
  C.J.M. Melief, S.H. van der Burg, Nat. Rev. Cancer 8 (2008) 351–360. doi: 10.1038/nrc2373
65. [65]
  J.E. Slansky, M. Nakayama, Semin. Immunol. 47 (2020) 101395. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2020.101395
66. [66]
  M. Candia, B. Kratzer, W.F. Pickl, Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 170 (2016) 211–233. doi: 10.1159/000448756
67. [67]
  L. Buonaguro, M. Tagliamonte, Front. Immunol. 14 (2023) 1210044. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1210044
68. [68]
  M.R. Parkhurst, M.L. Salgaller, S. Southwood, et al., J. Immunol. 157 (1996) 2539–2548. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.157.6.2539
69. [69]
  O.Y. Borbulevych, T.K. Baxter, Z. Yu, N.P. Restifo, B.M. Baker, J. Immunol. 174 (2005) 4812–4820. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.174.8.4812
70. [70]
  A. Gupta, R.E. O’Cearbhaill, M.S. Block, et al., Gynecol. Oncol. 189 (2024) 90–97. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2024.07.675
71. [71]
  J.M. Kirkwood, S. Lee, S.J. Moschos, et al., Clin. Cancer Res. 15 (2009) 1443–1451. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-1231
72. [72]
  V. Lennerz, S. Gross, E. Gallerani, et al., Cancer Immunol. Immunther. 63 (2014) 381–394. doi: 10.1007/s00262-013-1516-5
73. [73]
  S. Holmberg-Thydén, I.H. Dufva, A.O. Gang, et al., Cancer Immunol. Immunther. 71 (2022) 433–444. doi: 10.1007/s00262-021-02993-6
74. [74]
  T. Zhao, Y. Cai, Y. Jiang, et al., Signal. Transduct. Target. Ther. 8 (2023) 283. doi: 10.1038/s41392-023-01557-7
75. [75]
  Y. Li, Y. Chen, Y. Tang, et al., J. Control. Release 382 (2025) 113667. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2025.113667
76. [76]
  F. Zahedipour, K. Jamialahmadi, P. Zamani, M.R Jaafari, Int. Immunopharmacol. 123 (2023) 110721. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110721
77. [77]
  B. Zhang, S. Zhou, S. Lu, et al., ACS Nano 18 (2024) 26690–26703. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.4c06399
78. [78]
  C. Ménard, F. Martin, L. Apetoh, F. Bouyer, F. Ghiringhelli, Cancer Immunol. Immunther. 57 (2008) 1579–1587. doi: 10.1007/s00262-008-0505-6
79. [79]
  M. Wang, J. Song, F. Zhou, et al., Adv. Sci. 6 (2019) 1802157. doi: 10.1002/advs.201802157
80. [80]
  L. Galluzzi, M.J. Aryankalayil, C.N. Coleman, S.C. Formenti, Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 20 (2023) 543–557. doi: 10.1038/s41571-023-00782-x
81. [81]
  Y.J. Wang, R. Fletcher, J. Yu, L. Zhang, Genes Dis. 5 (2018) 194–203. doi: 10.1016/j.gendis.2018.05.003
82. [82]
  M. Jiang, J. Zeng, L. Zhao, et al., Nanoscale 13 (2021) 17218–17235. doi: 10.1039/d1nr05512g
83. [83]
  J. Sprooten, R.S. Laureano, et al., Oncoimmunology 12 (2023) 2219591. doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2023.2219591
84. [84]
  Y. Engelen, R. Demuynck, J. Ramon, et al., J. Control. Release 384 (2025) 113721. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2025.113721
85. [85]
  M. Noguchi, G. Arai, S. Egawa, et al., Cancer Immunol. Immunther. 69 (2020) 847–857. doi: 10.1007/s00262-020-02498-8
86. [86]
  S. Nishida, S. Koido, Y. Takeda, et al., J. Immunother. 37 (2014) 105. doi: 10.1097/CJI.0000000000000020
87. [87]
  S. Koido, J. Taguchi, M. Shimabuku, et al., J. Immunother. Cancer 12 (2024) e009765. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2024-009765
88. [88]
  K. Fukuda, T. Funakoshi, T. Sakurai, et al., Melanoma Res. 27 (2017) 326. doi: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000342
89. [89]
  P. Nisticò, I. Capone, B. Palermo, et al., Int. J. Cancer 124 (2009) 130–139. doi: 10.1002/ijc.23886
90. [90]
  M. Noguchi, K. Matsumoto, H. Uemura, et al., Clin. Cancer Res. 22 (2016) 54–60.
91. [91]
  D. Fukumura, J. Kloepper, Z. Amoozgar, D.G. Duda, R.K. Jain, Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 15 (2018) 325–340. doi: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2018.29
92. [92]
  A. Leary, L. Gladieff, R. Sabatier, et al., J. Clin. Oncol. 41 (2023) TPS5618. doi: 10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.tps5618
93. [93]
  M.S. Pelster, R.N. Amaria, Ther. Adv. Med. Oncol. 11 (2019) 1758835919830826. doi: 10.1177/1758835919830826
94. [94]
  A. Batista-Duharte, D.T. Martínez, I.Z. Carlos, Biomed. Pharmacother. 105 (2018) 616–624. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.026
95. [95]
  F. Xu, Y. Yuan, Y. Wang, Q. Yin, Biomed. Pharmacother. 158 (2023) 114117. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114117
96. [96]
  R. van der Meel, E. Sulheim, Y. Shi, et al., Nat. Nanotechnol. 14 (2019) 1007–1017. doi: 10.1038/s41565-019-0567-y
97. [97]
  A. Haleem, M. Javaid, R.P. Singh, S. Rab, R. Suman, Glob. Health J. 7 (2023) 70–77. doi: 10.1016/j.glohj.2023.02.008
98. [98]
  K. Pavelic, S. Kraljevi ´ c Paveli ´ c, A. Bulog, et al., Int. J. Mol. Sci. 24 (2023) 12827. ´ doi: 10.3390/ijms241612827
99. [99]
  M. Prasad, U.P. Lambe, B. Brar, et al., Biomed. Pharmacother. 97 (2018) 1521–1537. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.026
100. [100]
  O. Veiseh, B.C. Tang, K.A. Whitehead, D.G. Anderson, R. Langer, Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 14 (2015) 45–57. doi: 10.1038/nrd4477
101. [101]
  W. Jiang, C.A. von Roemeling, Y. Chen, et al., Nat. Biomed. Eng. 1 (2017) 0029. doi: 10.1038/s41551-017-0029
102. [102]
  Z. Zhou, W. Chen, Y. Cao, R. Abdi, W. Tao, Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 22 (2025) 255–272. doi: 10.1038/s41569-024-01094-y
103. [103]
  Y. Xiao, Y. Huang, M. Xie, et al., Nat. Rev. Bioeng. 2 (2024) 244–259.
104. [104]
  M.E. Aikins, C. Xu, J.J. Moon, Acc. Chem. Res. 53 (2020) 2094–2105. doi: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00456
105. [105]
  F. Chen, Y. Wang, J. Gao, et al., Biomaterials 270 (2021) 120709. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120709
106. [106]
  M.A. Farooq, A.P.R. Johnston, N.L. Trevaskis, Acta Biomater. 193 (2025) 65–82. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.12.039
107. [107]
  R. He, J. Zang, Y. Zhao, H. Dong, Y. Li, ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng. 8 (2022) 406–423. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01274
108. [108]
  R. Mahjub, S. Jatana, S.E. Lee, et al., J. Control. Release 288 (2018) 239–263. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.09.010
109. [109]
  V. Manolova, A. Flace, M. Bauer, et al., Eur. J. Immunol. 38 (2008) 1404–1413. doi: 10.1002/eji.200737984
110. [110]
  Y. Qian, H. Jin, S. Qiao, et al., Biomaterials 98 (2016) 171–183. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.05.008
111. [111]
  D. Carpanese, A. Dalla Pietà, A. Rosato, Cell Mol. Immunol. 20 (2023) 1251–1253. doi: 10.1038/s41423-023-01024-x
112. [112]
  G. Rodella, V. Préat, B. Gallez, A. Malfanti, J. Control. Release 383 (2025) 113784. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2025.113784
113. [113]
  Z.Z. Li, N.N. Zhong, L.-M. Cao, et al., Small 20 (2024) 2308731. doi: 10.1002/smll.202308731
114. [114]
  T. Nakamura, M. Kawai, Y. Sato, et al., Mol. Pharm. 17 (2020) 944–953. doi: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01182
115. [115]
  Y. Nie, L. Shi, Y. Zhang, Y. Guo, H. Gu, Cancers 14 (2022) 5107. doi: 10.3390/cancers14205107
116. [116]
  L. Martinez-Pomares, J. Leukoc. Biol. 92 (2012) 1177–1186. doi: 10.1189/jlb.0512231
117. [117]
  R. Yang, J. Xu, L. Xu, et al., ACS Nano 12 (2018) 5121–5129. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.7b09041
118. [118]
  U.J. Nahar, I. Toth, M. Skwarczynski, J. Control. Release 351 (2022) 284–300. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.09.038
119. [119]
  C. Lai, S. Duan, F. Ye, et al., Theranostics. 8 (2018) 1723–1739. doi: 10.7150/thno.22056
120. [120]
  G. Chen, W. Xiong, Z. Gu, et al., Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 223 (2022) 1485–1494. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.045
121. [121]
  J. Yu, S. Wang, J. Qi, et al., Int. Immunopharmacol. 101 (2021) 108148. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108148
122. [122]
  M. Pei, R. Xu, C. Zhang, et al., Colloids. Surf. B: Biointerfaces 197 (2021) 111378. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111378
123. [123]
  J. Zheng, M. Wang, L. Pang, et al., J. Control. Release 373 (2024) 568–582. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.07.056
124. [124]
  S. Gou, S. Wang, W. Liu, et al., Theranostics 11 (2021) 7308–7321. doi: 10.7150/thno.56406
125. [125]
  A.M. de Haas, D.A. Stolk, S.T.T. Schetters, et al., Pharmaceutics 16 (2024) 581. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050581
126. [126]
  H. Yan, G. Lin, Z. Liu, F. Gu, Y. Zhang, Acta Biomater. 161 (2023) 213–225. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.02.034
127. [127]
  L.J. Cruz, R.A. Rosalia, J.W. Kleinovink, et al., J. Control. Release 192 (2014) 209–218. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.07.040
128. [128]
  J. Liang, X. Zhao, Cancer Biol. Med. 18 (2021) 352–371. doi: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2021.0004
129. [129]
  B. Fu, X. Huang, J. Deng, et al., Oncol. Rep. 39 (2018) 893–900.
130. [130]
  N. Desai, V. Chavda, T.R.R. Singh, N.D. Thorat, L.K. Vora, Small 20 (2024) 2401631. doi: 10.1002/smll.202401631
131. [131]
  L. Luo, R. Shu, A. Wu, J. Mater. Chem. B 5 (2017) 5517–5531. doi: 10.1039/C7TB01137G
132. [132]
  B. Sun, T. Xia, J. Mater. Chem. B 4 (2016) 5496–5509. doi: 10.1039/C6TB01131D
133. [133]
  E.A. Vasievich, S. Ramishetti, Y. Zhang, L. Huang, Mol. Pharm. 9 (2012) 261–268. doi: 10.1021/mp200350n
134. [134]
  S. De Koker, J. Cui, N. Vanparijs, et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 128 (2015) 1356–1361.
135. [135]
  H. Shiku, F. Momose, T. Nakai, et al., J. Immunother. Cancer 10 (2022), doi:10.1136/jitc-2022-SITC2022.0359. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2022-SITC2022.0359
136. [136]
  A.J. Highton, A. Girardin, G.M. Bell, S.M. Hook, R.A. Kemp, BMC Immunol. 17 (2016) 39. doi: 10.1186/s12865-016-0178-4
137. [137]
  H. Zhao, J. Xu, Y. Li, et al., ACS Nano 13 (2019) 13127–13135. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.9b05974
138. [138]
  L. Huang, X. Li, H. Zhang, et al., ACS Nano 19 (2025) 13906–13926. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.4c17491
139. [139]
  J.P.M. Almeida, A.Y. Lin, E.R. Figueroa, A.E. Foster, R.A. Drezek, Small 11 (2015) 1453–1459. doi: 10.1002/smll.201402179
140. [140]
  W. Li, Z. Jing, S. Wang, et al., Biomaterials 271 (2021) 120726. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120726
141. [141]
  W. Zheng, S. Li, Z. Shi, et al., J. Nanobiotechnology 22 (2024) 562. doi: 10.1186/s12951-024-02837-2
142. [142]
  P. Zhao, Y. Fan, Z. Wang, et al., Int. J. Nanomedicine 2025 (2025) 2289–2304. doi: 10.2147/ijn.s496873
143. [143]
  A. Garg, H.K. Dewangan, Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carr. Syst. 37 (2020) 183–204. doi: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2020033273
144. [144]
  L.M. Cao, Y.F. Yu, Z.Z. Li, et al., J. Nanobiotechnology 22 (2024) 308. doi: 10.1186/s12951-024-02590-6
145. [145]
  B. Filipic, I. Panteli ´ c, I. Nikoli ´ c, et al., Vaccines 11 (2023) 1172. ´ doi: 10.3390/vaccines11071172
146. [146]
  N. Desai, V. Tambe, P. Pofali, L.K. Vora, Adv. Nanobiomed. Res. 4 (2024) 2400012. doi: 10.1002/anbr.202400012
147. [147]
  L. Zheng, Z. Wang, H. Liu, et al., ACS Nano 19 (2025) 17900–17916. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5c04365
148. [148]
  B. Chaigne-Delalande, M.J. Lenardo, Trends. Immunol. 35 (2014) 332–344. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2014.05.001
149. [149]
  X. Sun, Y. Zhang, J. Li, et al., Nat. Nanotechnol. 16 (2021) 1260–1270. doi: 10.1038/s41565-021-00962-9
150. [150]
  L. Zhang, J. Zhao, X. Hu, et al., Adv. Mater. 34 (2022) 2206915. doi: 10.1002/adma.202206915
151. [151]
  C. Chen, Y. Tong, Y. Zheng, et al., Small 17 (2021) 2006970. doi: 10.1002/smll.202006970
152. [152]
  M. Lv, M. Chen, R. Zhang, et al., Cell Res. 30 (2020) 966–979. doi: 10.1038/s41422-020-00395-4
153. [153]
  K. Yuan, C. Zhang, X. Pan, et al., J. Control. Release 375 (2024) 249–268. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.09.008
154. [154]
  X. Lv, J. Huang, J. Min, et al., J. Control. Release 357 (2023) 109–119. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.078
155. [155]
  H. Zhao, Y. Li, B. Zhao, et al., Acta Pharm. Sin. B 13 (2023) 3892–3905. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.02.003
156. [156]
  Y. Ma, Y. Zhuang, X. Xie, et al., Nanoscale 3 (2011) 2307–2314. doi: 10.1039/c1nr10166h
157. [157]
  R. Bei, V. Guptill, L. Masuelli, et al., J. ImmunOther 21 (1998) 159. doi: 10.1097/00002371-199805000-00001
158. [158]
  D.P. Vangasseri, Z. Cui, W. Chen, et al., Mol. Membr. Biol. 23 (2006) 385–395. doi: 10.1080/09687860600790537
159. [159]
  W. Chen, W. Yan, L. Huang, Cancer Immunol. Immunther. 57 (2008) 517–530. doi: 10.1007/s00262-007-0390-4
160. [160]
  G. Alipour Talesh, Z. Ebrahimi, A. Badiee, et al., Immunol. Lett. 176 (2016) 57–64. doi: 10.1016/j.imlet.2016.05.016
161. [161]
  L. Naghibi, M. Yazdani, A.A. Momtazi-Borojeni, et al., PLoS One 15 (2020) e0243550. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243550
162. [162]
  M. Mansourian, A. Badiee, S.A. Jalali, et al., Immunol. Lett. 162 (2014) 87–93. doi: 10.1016/j.imlet.2014.07.008
163. [163]
  W. Chen, L. Huang, Mol. Pharm. 5 (2008) 464–471. doi: 10.1021/mp700126c
164. [164]
  X. Gong, Y. Gao, J. Shu, C. Zhang, K. Zhao, Vaccines 10 (2022) 1906. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10111906
165. [165]
  G. Kumar, T. Virmani, S.K. Misra, et al., Carbohydr. Polym. Technol. Appl. 8 (2024) 100537.
166. [166]
  J.F. Correia-Pinto, N. Csaba, J.T. Schiller, M.J. Alonso, Vaccines 3 (2015) 730–750. doi: 10.3390/vaccines3030730
167. [167]
  B.C. Quartey, J. Sapudom, M. ElGindi, A. Alatoom, J. Teo, Adv. Healthc. Mater. 13 (2024) 2303125. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202303125
168. [168]
  M.O. Mohsen, D.E. Speiser, A. Knuth, M.F. Bachmann, WIREs Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol. 12 (2020) e1579. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1579
169. [169]
  S. Nooraei, H. Bahrulolum, Z.S. Hoseini, et al., J. Nanobiotechnology 19 (2021) 59. doi: 10.1186/s12951-021-00806-7
170. [170]
  R. Noad, P. Roy, Trends. Microbiol. 11 (2003) 438–444. doi: 10.1016/S0966-842X(03)00208-7
171. [171]
  H. Hu, N.F. Steinmetz, Cancers 13 (2021) 2909. doi: 10.3390/cancers13122909
172. [172]
  B. Donaldson, F. Al-Barwani, S.J. Pelham, et al., J. Immunother. Cancer 5 (2017) 69. doi: 10.1186/s40425-017-0270-1
173. [173]
  S. Zhang, L.K. Yong, D. Li, et al., PLoS One 8 (2013) e68303. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068303
174. [174]
  A. Barajas, P. Amengual-Rigo, A. Pons-Grífols, et al., J. Transl. Med. 22 (2024) 14. doi: 10.1186/s12967-023-04843-8
175. [175]
  J.C. Hsu, P. Liu, Y. Song, et al., Chem. Soc. Rev. 53 (2024) 7657–7680. doi: 10.1039/d4cs00421c
176. [176]
  D.A. Rao, M.L. Forrest, A.W.G. Alani, G.S. Kwon, J.R. Robinson, J. Pharm. Sci. 99 (2010) 2018–2031. doi: 10.1002/jps.21970
177. [177]
  C. Wang, P. Liu, Y. Zhuang, et al., Vaccine 32 (2014) 5475–5483. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.07.081
178. [178]
  W. Wang, Z. Liu, X. Zhou, et al., Nanomed. Nanotechnol. Biol. Med. 16 (2019) 69–78. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.11.009
179. [179]
  Y. Zhang, L. Liu, H. He, Y. Sun, Z. Zhong, Mater. Today 80 (2024) 406–428. doi: 10.1016/j.mattod.2024.08.006
180. [180]
  D. Liu, S. Liang, K. Ma, et al., Adv. Mater. 36 (2024) 2304845. doi: 10.1002/adma.202304845
181. [181]
  S. Bhatnagar, V. Revuri, M. Shah, et al., Cancers 14 (2022) 6091. doi: 10.3390/cancers14246091
182. [182]
  Y. Pan, S. Liu, H. Zhao, Z. Yu, Y. Qi, Y. Huang, Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 310 (2025) 143268. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.143268
183. [183]
  H. Song, L. Chen, X. Pan, et al., Cancer Cell 43 (2025) 503–518 e10. doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2025.02.014
184. [184]
  B. Bayyurt Kocabas, K. Almacioglu, E.A. Bulut, et al., J. Control. Release 328 (2020) 587–595. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.09.040
185. [185]
  T.L. Nguyen, B.G. Cha, Y. Choi, J. Im, J. Kim, Biomaterials 239 (2020) 119859. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119859
186. [186]
  T. Su, X. Liu, S. Lin, F. Cheng, G. Zhu, Bioact. Mater. 26 (2023) 169–180.
187. [187]
  M. Zhu, X. Ding, R. Zhao, et al., J. Control. Release 272 (2018) 72–82. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.01.004
188. [188]
  Q. Ni, F. Zhang, Y. Liu, et al., Sci. Adv. 6 (2020) eaaw6071. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw6071
189. [189]
  J.J. Baljon, A.J. Kwiatkowski, H.M. Pagendarm, et al., ACS Nano 18 (2024) 6845–6862. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04471
190. [190]
  F. Cheng, T. Su, S. Zhou, et al., Sci. Adv. 9 (2023) eade6257. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.ade6257
191. [191]
  Y. Kim, S. Kang, H. Shin, et al., Angew. Chem. 132 (2020) 14736–14746. doi: 10.1002/ange.202006117
192. [192]
  Y. Yin, J. Guo, S. Zhang, et al., Chin. Chem. Lett. 36 (2025) 110771. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110771
193. [193]
  Y. Chu, L. Qian, Y. Ke, X. F, et al., J. Nanobiotechnology 20 (2022) 190. doi: 10.1186/s12951-022-01397-7
194. [194]
  W. Li, J. Yang, L. Luo, et al., Nat. Commun. 10 (2019) 3349. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11269-8
195. [195]
  W. Xiao, M. Gao, B. Mo, et al., Pharmaceuticals 18 (2025) 491. doi: 10.3390/ph18040491
196. [196]
  S. Zhang, J. Wang, Z. Kong, et al., Biomaterials 282 (2022) 121433. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121433
197. [197]
  L. Qin, W. Wei, K. Wang, et al., Chin. Chem. Lett. 36 (2025) 110777. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110777
198. [198]
  C. Xu, J. Nam, H. Hong, Y. Xu, J.J. Moon, ACS Nano 13 (2019) 12148–12161. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.9b06691
199. [199]
  W. Shan, H. Zheng, G. Fu, et al., Nano Lett. 19 (2019) 1719–1727. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04722
200. [200]
  N.L. Berinstein, M. Karkada, M.A. Morse, et al., J. Transl. Med. 10 (2012) 156. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-10-156
201. [201]
  T. Feng, J. Hu, J. Wen, et al., J. Hematol. Oncol.J. Hematol. Oncol. 17 (2024) 115. doi: 10.1186/s13045-024-01628-4
202. [202]
  J. Qiu, C. Wu, Front. Nanotechnol. 7 (2025) 1564267. doi: 10.3389/fnano.2025.1564267
203. [203]
  J.M. Metselaar, T. Lammers, Drug Deliv. Transl. Res. 10 (2020) 721–725. doi: 10.1007/s13346-020-00740-5
204. [204]
  C. Zheng, M. Li, J. Ding, BIO Integr. 2 (2021) 57.
205. [205]
  P. Zhang, Y. Xiao, X. Sun, et al., Med. 4 (2023) 147–167. doi: 10.1016/j.medj.2022.12.001
206. [206]
  L. Liu, Y. Liu, Y. Xia, et al., J. Cancer 12 (2021) 6629–6639. doi: 10.7150/jca.62123
207. [207]
  M. Wu, L. Zhang, H. Zhang, et al., Cytotherapy. 21 (2019) 659–670. doi: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.03.313
208. [208]
  I. Caruana, G. Weber, B.C. Ballard, et al., Clin. Cancer Res. 21 (2015) 2952–2962. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-2998
209. [209]
  X. Zhang, Q. Hu, X. He, et al., J. Nanobiotechnology. 21 (2023) 159. doi: 10.1186/s12951-023-01900-8
210. [210]
  M. Al-Haideri, S.B. Tondok, S.H. Safa, et al., Cancer Cell Int. 22 (2022) 365. doi: 10.1186/s12935-022-02778-6
211. [211]
  J.D. Chan, B. von Scheidt, B. Zeng, et al., Clin. Transl. Immunol. 9 (2020) e1157. doi: 10.1002/cti2.1157
212. [212]
  M. Murahashi, Y. Hijikata, K. Yamada, et al., Clin. Immunol. 166–167 (2016) 48–58.
213. [213]
  H. Iinuma, R. Fukushima, T. Inaba, J, et al., J. Transl. Med. 12 (2014) 84. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-12-84
214. [214]
  Y. Sawada, T. Yoshikawa, M. Shimomura, et al., Int. J. Oncol. 46 (2015) 28–36. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2737
215. [215]
  M. Ishihara, Y. Nishida, S. Kitano, et al., Int. J. Cancer 152 (2023) 2554–2566. doi: 10.1002/ijc.34453
216. [216]
  W. Gao, X. Wang, Y. Zhou, X. Wang, Y. Yu, Signal. Transduct. Target. Ther. 7 (2022) 196. doi: 10.1038/s41392-022-01046-3
217. [217]
  S.I. Kim, C.R. Cassella, K.T. Byrne, Front. Immunol. 11 (2021) 629722. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.629722
218. [218]
  V. Kumar, S. Patel, E. Tcyganov, D.I. Gabrilovich, Trends. Immunol. 37 (2016) 208–220. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2016.01.004
219. [219]
  D.H. Munn, V. Bronte, Curr. Opin. Immunol. 39 (2016) 1–6.
220. [220]
  J.M. Hubbard, D.H. Ahn, J.C. Jones, et al., J. Clin. Oncol. 42 (2024) 3594–3594. doi: 10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.3594
221. [221]
  E. Blass, D.B. Keskin, C.R. Tu, et al., Cell 188 (2025) 5125–5141 e27. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2025.06.019
222. [222]
  S. Jung, A. Nelde, Y. Maringer, et al., Blood 144 (2024) 1504 1. doi: 10.1182/blood-2024-198082
1. [1]
  Zhiyuan Huang , Fangqiu Fu , Chaoqiang Deng , Shiyang Wu , Mingxuan Huang , Xianyi Sha , Ming Q Wei , Zhiwen Zhang , Yang Zhang . Strategies of designing lymph nodes-targeting nanoparticles for cancer immunotherapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2026, 37(9): 111993-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111993
2. [2]
  Shuang Liang , Jianjun Yao , Dan Liu , Mengli Zhou , Yong Cui , Zhaohui Wang . Tumor-responsive covalent organic polymeric nanoparticles enhancing STING activation for cancer immunotherapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(3): 109856-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109856
3. [3]
  Bohan Chen , Liming Gong , Jing Feng , Mingji Jin , Liqing Chen , Zhonggao Gao , Wei Huang . Research advances of nanoparticles for CAR-T therapy in solid tumors. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(9): 109432-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109432
4. [4]
  Meng Sun , Jiazhen Yang , Leijiao Li , Yunhui Li , Wenliang Li , Jianxun Ding . Engineered bacteria potentiate cancer immunotherapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(9): 111093-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111093
5. [5]
  Xue Ma , Anning Li , Zhiliang Gao , Ning Wang , Mengqi Li , Kanaparedu P.C. Sekhar , Muthupandian Ashokkumar , Shumei Zhai , Jiwei Cui , Qun Yu . Vaccination of STING agonists-loaded nanoemulsions for cancer immunotherapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2026, 37(6): 111410-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111410
6. [6]
  Yiran Tao , Chunlei Dai , Zhaoxiang Xie , Xinru You , Kaiwen Li , Jun Wu , Hai Huang . Redox responsive polymeric nanoparticles enhance the efficacy of cyclin dependent kinase 7 inhibitor for enhanced treatment of prostate cancer. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(8): 109170-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109170
7. [7]
  Yuequan Wang , Congtian Wu , Chengcheng Feng , Qin Chen , Zhonggui He , Shenwu Zhang , Cong Luo , Jin Sun . Spatiotemporally-controlled supramolecular hybrid nanoassembly enabling ferroptosis-augmented photodynamic immunotherapy of cancer. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(3): 109902-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109902
8. [8]
  Yanjun Cai , Yong Jiang , Yu Chen , Erzhuo Cheng , Yuan Gu , Yuwei Li , Qianqian Liu , Jian Zhang , Jifang Liu , Shisong Han , Bin Yang . Amplifying STING activation and immunogenic cell death by metal-polyphenol coordinated nanomedicines for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(5): 110437-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110437
9. [9]
  Xinlu Zhang , Yongxin Liu , Huan Li , Shutong Chen , Guocheng Wang , Xu Zhang , Chen Cao , Xiaoyuan Chen , Sheng Wang . A hypoxia-activated copper ion nanoexchanger for cancer immunotherapy by in situ precise production of immunogenic cell death inducer. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2026, 37(3): 111404-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111404
10. [10]
  Dongsheng Zhang , Tingting Wang , Cheng-Ao Li , Yi Tang , Fangyang Wang , Qiang Wang , Hongqing Li , Xun Zhang , Duo Sun , Yueying Zhang , Jiang Ming , Xiao Chen , Xiaolan Chen , Jingchao Li , Xinhui Su . Dual-gated delivery of melittin combined with moderate photothermal treatment using NIR-responsive Pd nanosheets for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2026, 37(5): 111399-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111399
11. [11]
  Lian Jin , Juan Zhang , Libo Nie , Yan Deng , Ghulam Jilany Khana , Nongyue He . Chitosan nanoparticles act as promising carriers of microRNAs to brain cells in neurodegenerative diseases. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(10): 110774-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110774
12. [12]
  Yuwen Zhu , Xiang Deng , Yan Wu , Baode Shen , Lingyu Hang , Yuye Xue , Hailong Yuan . Formation mechanism of herpetrione self-assembled nanoparticles based on pH-driven method. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(1): 109733-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109733
13. [13]
  Nannan Fan , Zhen Zhang , Huiyan Zu , Xinkui Liu , Bin Wang , Xiuming Miao , Chu Chu , Yunhong Zhang , Xiaoxiao Zhu , Ping Li , Xia Li . Targeting disulfidptosis for ovarian cancer therapy induced by nanodrugs carrying 6-aminonicotinamide. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2026, 37(8): 111812-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111812
14. [14]
  Junjie Wang , Yan Wang , Zhengdong Li , Changqiang Xie , Musammir Khan , Xingzhou Peng , Fabiao Yu . Triphenylamine-AIEgens photoactive materials for cancer theranostics. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(6): 108934-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108934
15. [15]
  Xiaofang Luo , Ye Wu , Xiaokun Zhang , Min Tang , Feiye Ju , Zuodong Qin , Gregory J Duns , Wei-Dong Zhang , Jiang-Jiang Qin , Xin Luan . Peptide-based strategies for overcoming multidrug-resistance in cancer therapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(1): 109724-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109724
16. [16]
  Wei Su , Xiaoyan Luo , Peiyuan Li , Ying Zhang , Chenxiang Lin , Kang Wang , Jianzhuang Jiang . Phthalocyanine self-assembled nanoparticles for type Ⅰ photodynamic antibacterial therapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(12): 109522-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109522
17. [17]
  Kaiyue Yang , Yifan Zhang , Shamei Luo , Chenxi Yu , Lin Chen , Qingyu Yu , Chenlu Huang , Guilei Ma , Linhua Zhang , Dunwan Zhu . Multifunctional nanoadjuvants-aided synergistic photothermal-immunotherapy of tumor. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2026, 37(4): 112324-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112324
18. [18]
  Tianxia Chen , Yunhui Chen , Weiwei Li , Peipei Cen , Yan Guo , Jin Zhang , Cunding Kong , Xiangyu Liu . Fabricating AuAg-nanoparticles/ZIF-8 composites for selective detection and efficient extraction of dinitroaniline pesticides. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(8): 110214-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110214
19. [19]
  Zhongxin Duan , Yue Wang , Yunchu Zhang , Xia Liu , Wanyu Wang , Hua Li , Qingyang Lu , Chao You , Yongzhong Cheng , Cong Wu , Xiang Gao . Intranasal pterostilbene nanoparticles delivery alleviates neuroinflammation and brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2026, 37(5): 111248-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111248
20. [20]
  Liangliang Jia , Ye Hong , Xinyu He , Ying Zhou , Liujiao Ren , Hongjun Du , Bin Zhao , Bin Qin , Zhe Yang , Di Gao . Fighting hypoxia to improve photodynamic therapy-driven immunotherapy: Alleviating, exploiting and disregarding. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(2): 109957-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109957

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(0)
Abstract views(40)
HTML views(5)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142