Citation: Hui Yu, Ziyu He, Bochuan Liu, Tianyou Du, Hai-Yan Wang, Yi Liu. Recent advances in nitric oxide delivery systems for precision therapeutics[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2026, 37(11): 112225. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112225 shu

Recent advances in nitric oxide delivery systems for precision therapeutics

Hui Yu ^{a, 1} ,
Ziyu He ^{a, 1} ,
Bochuan Liu ^a ,
Tianyou Du ^a ,
Hai-Yan Wang ^{b, *,} ,
Yi Liu ^{a, *,}

a.
School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
b.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China

haiyanwang@seu.edu.cn

yiliu@cpu.edu.cn

Received Date: 24 September 2025
Revised Date: 3 December 2025
Accepted Date: 5 December 2025
Available Online: 6 December 2025

Figures(9)

Nitric oxide (NO) is a crucial signaling molecule with vital roles in both physiological and pathological processes. However, NO with gas characteristics, such as rapid diffusion, short half-life, low targeting efficiency, and dose-dependent efficacy, has greatly limited its clinical application. To address these challenges, nanotechnology-enabled NO delivery systems have emerged as a pivotal strategy for achieving spatiotemporally precise and on-demand release of NO This review summarizes recent advances in NO delivery systems, analyzes the properties of various NO nanocarriers, and further systematically dissects intelligent NO nanoplatforms that respond to endogenous triggers (e.g., glutathione, pH, reactive oxygen species, glucose) or exogenous stimuli (e.g., near-infrared light, ultrasound, X-rays, microwave) for precision therapeutics. Furthermore, we discuss the remaining challenges in NO delivery systems, including delivery efficiency, long-term stability, real-time NO quantification, and efficacy assessment, and propose forward-looking solutions. Finally, we provide an outlook on future directions, with the expectation of developing the next generation of NO delivery systems to achieve new breakthroughs.
- Nitric oxide,
- Nanocarriers,
- Delivery system,
- Controlled release,
- Precision therapeutics
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142