Citation: Yefeng Wang, Siwen Wu, Jiyu Chen, Siyi Yang, Chenrui Wu, Qingying Zhao, Heqi Zhang, Kaiting Wei, Jiani Zhang, Rui Zhang, Li Yang. Transdermal drugs and delivery strategies: History, advances and future prospects[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2026, 37(10): 112170. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112170 shu

Transdermal drugs and delivery strategies: History, advances and future prospects

Yefeng Wang ^{a, 1} ,
Siwen Wu ^{a, 1} ,
Jiyu Chen ^b ,
Siyi Yang ^a ,
Chenrui Wu ^c ,
Qingying Zhao ^a ,
Heqi Zhang ^a ,
Kaiting Wei ^c ,
Jiani Zhang ^a ,
Rui Zhang ^a ,
Li Yang ^{a, *,}

a.
Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
b.
College of Biomedical Engineering and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
c.
The College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China

yl.tracy73@gmail.com

Received Date: 4 September 2025
Revised Date: 23 November 2025
Accepted Date: 24 November 2025
Available Online: 25 November 2025

Figures(7)

Transdermal drug delivery provides a non-invasive route to circumvent gastrointestinal irritation and first-pass metabolism. This review presents a unique framework by categorizing delivery strategies into biological, chemical, and physical domains, a synthesis complemented by an original analysis of U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved drugs and over 1100 clinical trials. We systematically evaluate representative delivery strategy including microneedles, peptides, and liposomes highlighting their developmental trajectories, advantages, limitations, and clinical adoption status. Furthermore, the review focuses on three paradigmatic drugs (insulin, donepezil, and cannabinoids) to assess their cutting-edge transdermal research and commercialization progress. The insights gathered herein not only summarize the current state but also identify key challenges and opportunities, offering valuable guidance for accelerating the translation of novel transdermal systems.
- Transdermal drug delivery,
- Delivery strategies,
- Microneedles,
- Clinical translation,
- Clinical trials
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142