Citation: Jingying Wang, Jianhui Zhao, Shaopo Wang, Jingjie Yu, Ning Li. Single-atom catalysts for CO₂-to-methanol conversion: A critical review[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2026, 37(2): 111859. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111859 shu

Single-atom catalysts for CO₂-to-methanol conversion: A critical review

Jingying Wang ^a ,
Jianhui Zhao ^{a, *,} ,
Shaopo Wang ^a ,
Jingjie Yu ^a ,
Ning Li ^{b, *,}

a.
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
b.
School of Environmental Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

zhaojianhui@tcu.edu.cn

liningec@tju.edu.cn

Received Date: 27 March 2025
Revised Date: 7 August 2025
Accepted Date: 17 September 2025
Available Online: 18 September 2025

Figures(3)

Catalytic CO₂-to-methanol conversion presents a synergistic approach for concurrent greenhouse gas abatement and sustainable energy carrier synthesis. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) with maximized atomic utilization, tailored electronic configurations and unique metal-support interactions, exhibit superior performance in CO₂ activation and methanol synthesis. This review systematically compares reaction mechanisms and pathways across thermal, photocatalytic and electrocatalytic systems, emphasizing structure-activity relationships governed by active sites, coordination microenvironments and support functionalities. Through case studies of representative SACs, we elucidate how metal-support synergies dictate intermediate binding energetics and methanol selectivity. A critical analysis of reaction parameters (e.g., temperature, pressure) reveals condition-dependent catalytic behaviors in thermal system, with fewer studies in photo/electrocatalytic systems identified as key knowledge gaps. While thermal catalysis achieves industrially viable methanol yields, the scalability is constrained by energy-intensive operation and catalyst sintering. Conversely, photo/electrocatalytic routes offer renewable energy integration but suffer from inefficient charge dynamics and mass transport limitations. To address the challenges, we propose strategic research priorities on precise design of active sites, synergy of multiple technological pathways, development of intelligent catalytic systems and diverse CO₂ feedstock compatibility. These insights establish a framework for developing next-generation SACs, offering both theoretical foundations and technological blueprints for developing carbon-negative catalytic technologies.
- Single-atom catalysts,
- CO₂ conversion,
- Methanol,
- Catalysis
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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Single-atom catalysts for CO2-to-methanol conversion: A critical review

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Single-atom catalysts for CO₂-to-methanol conversion: A critical review