Citation: Caiwei Wang, Cheng Zeng, Changhong Wei, Guizhen Chen, Yueling Liang, Wenli Zhang. Lignin valorization towards porous carbon cathodes in zinc ion hybrid capacitors[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2026, 37(4): 111850. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111850 shu

Lignin valorization towards porous carbon cathodes in zinc ion hybrid capacitors

Caiwei Wang ^{a, b, *,} ,
Cheng Zeng ^a ,
Changhong Wei ^a ,
Guizhen Chen ^a ,
Yueling Liang ^a ,
Wenli Zhang ^{c, d, *,}

a.
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University (GXU), Nanning 530004, China
b.
University Engineering Research Center of Green Chemical New Materials, Nanning 530004, China
c.
School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangdong University of Technology (GDUT), Guangzhou 510006, China
d.
Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang 515200, China

cwwang@gxu.edu.cn

wlzhang@gdut.edu.cn

Received Date: 23 July 2025
Revised Date: 9 September 2025
Accepted Date: 17 September 2025
Available Online: 17 September 2025

Figures(16)

Zinc ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs) are emerging electrochemical energy storage devices with the dual characteristics of high energy density and high power density. However, the mismatch of capacity and electrode kinetics between porous carbon cathodes and zinc metal anodes limits the development of ZIHCs. Lignin has high carbon content, high aromaticity, and three-dimensional functional molecular structures, which is an ideal raw material for preparing high-performance porous carbon electrode materials with high carbon yield, conductive carbon network and enriched heteroatom dopants. Currently, the high-value utilization ratio of industrial lignin is lower than 10%. In this review, the typical preparation methodologies of lignin-derived porous carbons are summarized. The latest research advances for the lignin-derived porous carbon cathodes in ZIHCs are critically focused from the perspectives of pore regulation, surface modification, and morphology design. The core points and development directions that lignin-derived porous carbon cathodes are expected to achieve an original breakthrough in the future are proposed from three levels of techniques, mechanisms, and applications. This review fills the blank region in the applications of lignin-derived porous carbons for ZIHCs, aiming to provide valuable guidance for the high-value utilization process of lignin and the industrialization process of ZIHCs.
- Lignin,
- Porous carbons,
- Preparation methodology,
- Pore regulation,
- Surface modification,
- Morphology design,
- Zinc ion hybrid capacitors
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142