Citation: Ziwang Liu, Xiaoqian Wang, Honglin Qin, Yan Chen, Ling Xia, Xuanjing Wang, Yanhua Lai, Gongke Li. Research progress of the Maillard reaction process monitoring[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2026, 37(4): 111742. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111742 shu

Research progress of the Maillard reaction process monitoring

Ziwang Liu ^{a, 1} ,
Xiaoqian Wang ^{a, 1} ,
Honglin Qin ^a ,
Yan Chen ^b ,
Ling Xia ^a ,
Xuanjing Wang ^b ,
Yanhua Lai ^{b, *,} ,
Gongke Li ^{a, *,}

a.
School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
b.
Technology Center, China Tobacco Guangdong Industrial Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510385, China

laiyh@gdzygy.com

cesgkl@mail.sysu.edu.cn

Received Date: 22 March 2025
Revised Date: 26 June 2025
Accepted Date: 19 August 2025
Available Online: 20 August 2025

Figures(10)

The Maillard reaction (non-enzymatic browning reaction) is a complex reaction between carbonyl compounds such as reducing sugars, aldehydes and ketones and compounds containing free amino groups such as amino acids, peptides and proteins. This reaction not only affects product sensory qualities, but may also generate harmful substances such as acrylamide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and advanced glycation end-products. These substances pose various health risks to humans, including carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity and diabetes mellitus. Therefore, monitoring the Maillard reaction process and precisely controlling reaction conditions are crucial for understanding its mechanism, optimizing product quality and ensuring product safety. This review systematically summarizes recent advancements in Maillard reaction research, outlining its fundamental processes and key influencing conditions, laying a foundation for the study of the monitoring methods of Maillard reaction process. Additionally, this review takes a cross-industry perspective to explore the applications of Maillard reaction monitoring methods (spectroscopic methods, chromatography/chromatography-mass spectrometry, electrochemical methods and nuclear magnetic resonance and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) in various fields, including food industry, tobacco processing, biopharmaceuticals, materials science and textile dyeing. Through cross-industry applications, the challenges of monitoring the Maillard reaction process are analyzed, including the diversity of reaction products, complexity of sample preparation, and real-time monitoring. Future prospects are proposed through the challenges, including the development of advanced nanomaterials and biosensors, and the integration of machine learning into predictive modeling of reaction kinetics for application in industrial processes. The review aiming to provide valuable references and guidance for industrial safety production and process condition optimization.
- Maillard reaction process,
- Advanced glycation end-products,
- Reaction condition control,
- Monitoring methods,
- Product safety
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142