Citation: Yuge Zhang, Siqi Xu, Chenpeng Chen, Haiyu Xian, Qitao Wen, Yunfeng Lin, Tao Wang. Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids in the prevention and treatment of skin and mucosal diseases: Advances and prospects[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2026, 37(2): 111728. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111728 shu

Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids in the prevention and treatment of skin and mucosal diseases: Advances and prospects

Yuge Zhang ^a ,
Siqi Xu ^a ,
Chenpeng Chen ^a ,
Haiyu Xian ^a ,
Qitao Wen ^a ,
Yunfeng Lin ^{b, *,} ,
Tao Wang ^{a, *,}

a.
Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University (Hainan General Hospital), Haikou 570311, China
b.
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China

yunfenglin@scu.edu.cn

18608917377@163.com

Received Date: 8 June 2025
Revised Date: 13 August 2025
Accepted Date: 15 August 2025
Available Online: 16 August 2025

The application of DNA hybridization technology, grounded in Watson-Crick base pairing, has facilitated the rational design of framework nucleic acids (FNAs) featuring adaptable shapes and dimensions. These nanostructures exhibit remarkable stability and reproducibility, making them promising candidates for biomedical applications. Among various FNAs, tetrahedral FNAs (tFNAs), first introduced by Turberfield, are nanoscale assemblies of oligonucleotides that possess unique physical, chemical, and biological properties. Previous studies have demonstrated that tFNAs exhibit excellent cellular uptake, enhanced tissue permeability, and strong capabilities to promote cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Moreover, the intrinsic ability of tFNAs to efficiently penetrate cell membranes allows tFNAs to serve as versatile carriers for small-molecule drugs or functional oligonucleotides, thereby exerting significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory effects. These features highlight the therapeutic potential of tFNA-based complexes in skin, mucosal, and barrier tissue repair and regeneration. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advances in the application of tFNAs for the prevention and treatment of skin, mucosal, and barrier tissue diseases, with a focus on their mechanisms of action and future prospects in regenerative medicine and targeted therapies.
- Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids,
- DNA nanomaterials,
- Nucleic acid drugs,
- Skin repair and regeneration,
- Mucosal lesions
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142