Citation: Hongxiang Yin, He Chen, Ning Sun, Xuyang Jian, Anwen Chen, Ben Guo, Lei Ji, Zhen Yang, Yang Liu, Bin Xu. Recent progress of advanced coal-based carbon anode for sodium-ion batteries[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2026, 37(12): 111590. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111590 shu

Recent progress of advanced coal-based carbon anode for sodium-ion batteries

Hongxiang Yin ^{a, b, 1} ,
He Chen ^{c, 1} ,
Ning Sun ^{c, *,} ,
Xuyang Jian ^c ,
Anwen Chen ^{a, b, *,} ,
Ben Guo ^{a, b} ,
Lei Ji ^b ,
Zhen Yang ^d ,
Yang Liu ^d ,
Bin Xu ^{c, e, *,}

a.
CARS High-Tech Materials Co., Ltd., Tianjin 030001, China
b.
China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited, Metals and Chemistry Research Institute, Beijing 100049, China
c.
State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
d.
China Railway Materials Co., Ltd., Beijing 100037, China
e.
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China

ningsun@mail.buct.edu.cn

395170538@qq.com

xubin@mail.buct.edu.cn

Received Date: 23 April 2025
Revised Date: 4 July 2025
Accepted Date: 15 July 2025
Available Online: 16 July 2025

Figures(14)

Hard carbon stands out among commercial anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its low redox potential, high safety, and significant cost advantages, making it a viable candidate for large-scale applications. While hard carbon can be derived from various precursors, coal offers the most economically viable and abundant resource, with a significantly higher carbonization yield, making it an attractive functional carbon precursor. Nevertheless, the electrochemical Na-storage performance of coal-based carbons is limited by structural constraints, including regular microcrystalline arrangements and a restricted number of active sites. To address the challenges associated with the practical application of coal-derived carbon in SIBs, advanced structural modifications strategies such as microcrystalline regulation, heteroatom doping, and pore structure engineering have been developed. This review offers a thorough analysis of the latest advancements in the structure design of coal-based carbons in terms of their effect on the electrochemical performance, especially the Na-storage capacity, initial coulombic efficiency, and rate capability. The existing challenges for the coal-based carbon anode are also discussed alongside future development prospects. This discussion aims to guide future research efforts toward advancing the development of cost-efficient, high-performance coal-derived carbon materials, thereby facilitating the SIBs’ commercialization as a viable, sustainable energy storage solution.
- Coal,
- Carbon anode,
- Sodium-ion battery,
- Structure regulation,
- Electrochemical performance
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142