Citation: Linghai Han, Xue Gong, Yupeng Wang, Dan Wang, Chunyu Ru, Xian Wang, Donglai Guo, Fangbing Liu, Xia Sheng, Junjie Ge. Structure, design, and advanced characterization techniques of catalyst layers in proton exchange membrane fuel cells[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2026, 37(10): 111432. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111432 shu

Structure, design, and advanced characterization techniques of catalyst layers in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Linghai Han ^{a, b} ,
Xue Gong ^b ,
Yupeng Wang ^b ,
Dan Wang ^b ,
Chunyu Ru ^b ,
Xian Wang ^c ,
Donglai Guo ^b ,
Fangbing Liu ^b ,
Xia Sheng ^{b, *,} ,
Junjie Ge ^{c, *,}

a.
National Industry-Education Platform for Energy Storage, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
b.
Engine Development Department, General Institute of FAW, Changchun 130013, China
c.
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

shengxia@faw.com.cn

gejunjie@ustc.edu.cn

Received Date: 6 January 2025
Revised Date: 2 June 2025
Accepted Date: 10 June 2025
Available Online: 10 June 2025

Figures(11)

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has attracted great attention as an energy conversion technology, especially in the fields of new energy vehicles. The core component of PEMFC is membrane electrode assembly (MEA), which is consist of proton exchange membrane (PEM), gas diffusion layer (GDL) and catalyst layer (CL). Notably, the catalyst layer serves as the center for electrochemical reactions that generate electricity. Besides the state-of-the-art materials, the catalyst ink properties and CL structure also have a great effect on performance, durability, and cost of PEMFC. However, it is not very clear how the interactions between different components of catalyst ink, the CL formation procedure as well as inhomogeneous CL structure affect the overall performance. This review, therefore, mainly focuses on recent advancements in catalyst ink dispersion methods, complex interactions between the ink materials and new processes to improve the stability of catalyst ink. In addition, this review will highlight advanced CL structure designs, their impact on the fuel cell performance, and introducing advanced techniques for a deeper analysis of the CL structure. Finally, this review emphasizes the challenges and perspectives in catalyst ink and CL studies, which are crucial for the regulation and development of high-performing PEMFCs.
- Proton exchange membrane fuel cell,
- Catalyst layer,
- Catalyst ink,
- Catalyst layer formation methods,
- Advanced characterization techniques
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142