Citation: Jie Zhou, Luping Hu, Rui Wang, Ruijie Wang, Jun Xu, Huajian Xu. Three-component alkenylcarboxylation of two distinct alkenes with CO₂ via photoinduced palladium catalysis[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2026, 37(4): 111304. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111304 shu

Three-component alkenylcarboxylation of two distinct alkenes with CO₂ via photoinduced palladium catalysis

Jie Zhou ^{a, b} ,
Luping Hu ^a ,
Rui Wang ^b ,
Ruijie Wang ^a ,
Jun Xu ^{b, *,} ,
Huajian Xu ^{a, *,}

a.
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
b.
School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China

junxu@hfut.edu.cn

hjxu@hfut.edu.cn

Received Date: 4 March 2025
Revised Date: 5 May 2025
Accepted Date: 12 May 2025
Available Online: 12 May 2025

Figures(6)

Alkene cross-coupling provides a simple and efficient approach for constructing C–C bonds using readily accessible alkene feedstocks. Despite significant progress in C–C bonds formation through the difunctionalization of alkenes, analogous reaction involving two distinct alkenes remains extremely limited. Herein, we report the excited-state palladium(0) catalyzed alkenylcarboxylation of two distinct alkenes with CO₂, delivering a variety of carboxylic acids in moderate to excellent yields. This reaction features high regio- & chemoselectivity, broad substrate scope (> 70 examples), and facile derivatization of products. Mechanistic studies indicate that the key step for this new strategy lies in the reductive activation of electron-deficient alkenes with the excited-state palladium complex to generate alkene radical anions. The current single-electron reduction strategy for alkenes catalyzed by photoexcited palladium(0) not only broadens the scope of excited palladium chemistry but also provides a mild approach for alkenes activation. Furthermore, this method serves as an efficient tool for the rapid construction of multiple C–C bonds in a one-pot operation using two distinct alkenes.
- Photochemical,
- Excited-state palladium catalysis,
- Alkenylcarboxylation,
- CO₂,
- SET process
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Three-component alkenylcarboxylation of two distinct alkenes with CO2 via photoinduced palladium catalysis

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Three-component alkenylcarboxylation of two distinct alkenes with CO₂ via photoinduced palladium catalysis