Citation: Ke Liu, Yujie Guo, Boyuan Liu, Yanjia Zhang, Yingjie Zhang, Xunzhu Zhou, Xingqiao Wu, Jie Xiao, Lin Li, Xiaoyuan Zeng. Achieving superior sodium storage performance of brown coal-derived hard carbon by pre-oxidation[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2026, 37(7): 111156. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111156 shu

Achieving superior sodium storage performance of brown coal-derived hard carbon by pre-oxidation

Ke Liu ^{a, 1} ,
Yujie Guo ^{a, b, 1} ,
Boyuan Liu ^{a, b} ,
Yanjia Zhang ^{a, b} ,
Yingjie Zhang ^{a, b} ,
Xunzhu Zhou ^c ,
Xingqiao Wu ^c ,
Jie Xiao ^{a, b, *,} ,
Lin Li ^{c, *,} ,
Xiaoyuan Zeng ^{a, b, *,}

a.
National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
b.
Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
c.
Institute for Carbon Neutralization Technology, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China

jiexiao@kust.edu.cn

linli@wzu.edu.cn

zengxiaoyuan@kust.edu.cn

Received Date: 5 February 2025
Revised Date: 20 March 2025
Accepted Date: 27 March 2025
Available Online: 27 March 2025

Figures(4)

Hard carbon with abundant resources and superior sodium storage performance is the most representative anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), but suffers from unsatisfied reversible capacity and low initial Coulombic efficiency. Herein, brown coal is employed as the precursor to obtain high-performance hard carbon anode materials with the assistance of pre-oxidation treatment for SIBs. The unique pre-oxidation treatment introduces an abundance of oxygen-containing functional groups to regulate the microstructure of hard carbon anode, achieving a more disordered phase structure for improved sodium storage performance. These enable a high reversible specific capacity of 316.1 mAh/g with an initial Coulombic efficiency of 87.6%, significantly higher than those of 236.5 mAh/g and 71.7% in carbonized pristine brown coal. Meanwhile, the adsorption-insertion-pore filling sodium storage mechanism of brown coal-derived hard carbon is demonstrated by in-situ XRD and Raman. This work emphasizes the role of pre-oxidation treatment on boosting the sodium storage performance of brown coal-derived hard carbon for advanced SIBs.
- Sodium-ion batteries,
- Hard carbon,
- Brown coal,
- Pre-oxidation,
- Electrochemical performance
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