Citation: Qiqi Lv, Zhiwei Tian, Weijun Li, Gaigai Duan, Xiaoshuai Han, Chunmei Zhang, Shuijian He, Haimei Mao, Chunxin Ma, Shaohua Jiang. Porous carbon derived from biomass-based polymers: Innovative applications in supercapacitors[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2026, 37(5): 110860. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.110860 shu

Porous carbon derived from biomass-based polymers: Innovative applications in supercapacitors

Qiqi Lv ^a ,
Zhiwei Tian ^a ,
Weijun Li ^{b, *,} ,
Gaigai Duan ^a ,
Xiaoshuai Han ^a ,
Chunmei Zhang ^{c, *,} ,
Shuijian He ^a ,
Haimei Mao ^{d, *,} ,
Chunxin Ma ^d ,
Shaohua Jiang ^{a, *,}

a.
Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
b.
Institute of Micro/Nano Materials and Devices, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo 315211, China
c.
Institute of Materials Science and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
d.
Key Laboratory of Quality Safe Evaluation and Research of Degradable Material, State Administration for Market Regulation, Hainan Academy of Inspection and Testing, Haikou 570203, China

lwj1214417@163.com

cmzhang@usts.edu.cn

mcmhm@163.com

shaohua.jiang@njfu.edu.cn

Received Date: 15 December 2024
Revised Date: 11 January 2025
Accepted Date: 14 January 2025
Available Online: 16 January 2025

Figures(14)

In the context of the continuously increasing energy demand, the ongoing advancement of innovative energy storage technologies is regarded as an important strategy to alleviate the energy crisis. Among various energy storage technologies, supercapacitors (SCs) demonstrate significant potential in the future energy storage sector due to their exceptional high-power density and long cycle life. As the core component of SCs, the choice of electrode materials is crucial to their performance, with carbon materials being favored for their excellent electrical conductivity and large specific surface area. In particular, porous carbon materials derived from biomass-based polymers have become a research hotspot due to their unique advantages. Through chemical modification and high-temperature carbonization, these materials can form more stable and optimized porous structures, significantly enhancing their electrochemical performance while meeting environmental protection requirements, thereby highlighting their superiority as electrode materials. This article aims to review the sources, production, and applications of carbon materials derived from biomass-based polymers. We have deeply summarized the preparation and activation methods of carbon from different biomass-based polymer sources. In addition, a comprehensive analysis and systematic comparison of novel modification techniques, such as heteroatom doping, copolymerization, and the incorporation of nanomaterials, were performed to enhance the performance of SCs. Finally, according to the technical challenges to be solved, the goal of large-scale development of biomass-based polymer-derived porous carbon in the field of energy storage is proposed, which is crucial for coping with the global energy crisis and reducing environmental impact.
- Bio-based polymers,
- Porous carbon,
- Activation,
- Heteroatom doping,
- Supercapacitors
1. [1]
  Y. Liu, L.J. Wu, Nano Energy 109 (2023) 108290. doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2023.108290
2. [2]
  Y.P. Ma, C.X. Hou, H. Kimura, et al., Adv. Compos. Hybrid Mater. 6 (2023) 59. doi: 10.1007/s42114-023-00636-1
3. [3]
  L.J. Xie, C. Tang, M.X. Song, et al., J. Energy Chem. 72 (2022) 554–569. doi: 10.1016/j.jechem.2022.05.006
4. [4]
  C. Liu, T. Lei, F. Seidi, et al., Energy Storage Mater. 72 (2024) 103774. doi: 10.1016/j.ensm.2024.103774
5. [5]
  Y. Wang, T. Xu, K. Liu, et al., Aggregate 5 (2023) e428.
6. [6]
  W.J. Lu, Y.X. Si, C.R. Zhao, et al., Chem. Eng. J. 495 (2024) 153311. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2024.153311
7. [7]
  Z.K. Chen, X.L. Jiang, Y. Boyjoo, et al., Electrochem. Energy R 7 (2024) 26. doi: 10.1007/s41918-024-00223-y
8. [8]
  Z.Y. Zhu, Y. Men, W.J. Zhang, et al., eScience 4 (2024) 100249. doi: 10.1016/j.esci.2024.100249
9. [9]
  N.S. George, G. Singh, R. Bahadur, et al., Adv. Sci. 11 (2024) 2406235. doi: 10.1002/advs.202406235
10. [10]
  L. Li, J. Yang, G. Duan, et al., J. Energy Storage 90 (2024) 111933. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2024.111933
11. [11]
  Y.Z. Huang, L. Xing, S. Pei, et al., Trans. Noneferr. Met. Soc. 33 (2023) 3452–3464. doi: 10.1016/S1003-6326(23)66346-0
12. [12]
  Y. Liu, K. Xiang, W. Zhou, et al., Small 20 (2023) 2308741.
13. [13]
  L. Li, J.S. Nam, M.S. Kim, et al., Adv. Energy Mater. 13 (2023) 2302139. doi: 10.1002/aenm.202302139
14. [14]
  F. Xiankai, X. Kaixiong, Z. Wei, et al., Carbon Energy 6 (2024) e536. doi: 10.1002/cey2.536
15. [15]
  S.T. Jiang, J. Fang, H.Y. Liu, et al., Chem. Eng. J. 502 (2024) 157745. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2024.157745
16. [16]
  Z.X. Guo, Z.W. Tian, G.G. Duan, et al., Chem. Eng. J. 501 (2024) 157702. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2024.157702
17. [17]
  Z.W. Tian, C. Yang, C.M. Zhang, et al., J. Energy Storage 85 (2024) 111130. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2024.111130
18. [18]
  Y. Shao, F. Shen, Y. Shao, ChemElectroChem 8 (2020) 484–491.
19. [19]
  G. Pacchioni, Nat. Rev. Mater. 7 (2022) 844. doi: 10.1038/s41578-022-00508-y
20. [20]
  P. Simon, Y. Gogotsi, Nat. Mater. 19 (2020) 1151–1163. doi: 10.1038/s41563-020-0747-z
21. [21]
  Y. Zhou, H.L. Qi, J.Y. Yang, et al., Energy Environ. Sci. 14 (2021) 1854–1896. doi: 10.1039/D0EE03167D
22. [22]
  Z. Shang, X. An, S. Nie, et al., J. Bioresour. Bioprod. 8 (2023) 292–305.
23. [23]
  S. Jiang, M. Xie, L. Jin, et al., Chin. Chem. Lett. 36 (2025) 110293. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110293
24. [24]
  M.H. Li, L. Bai, S.T. Jiang, et al., J. Hazard. Mater. 452 (2023) 131352. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131352
25. [25]
  M.S.M. Zaini, M. Arshad, S.S.A. Syed-Hassan, J. Bioresour. Bioprod. 8 (2023) 66–77.
26. [26]
  H.S. Shahraki, R. Bushra, N. Shakeel, et al., J. Bioresour. Bioprod. 8 (2023) 162–175.
27. [27]
  X. Chen, Q. Tang, L. Chang, et al., J. For. Eng. 8 (2023) 110–120.
28. [28]
  J. Wang, P. Nie, B. Ding, et al., J. Mater. Chem. A 5 (2017) 2411–2428. doi: 10.1039/C6TA08742F
29. [29]
  W. Yang, W. Yang, J. Zeng, et al., Prog. Mater. Sci. 144 (2024) 101264. doi: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2024.101264
30. [30]
  S. Dalwadi, A. Goel, C. Kapetanakis, et al., Int. J. Mol. Sci. 24 (2023) 3975. doi: 10.3390/ijms24043975
31. [31]
  Y.F. Yin, Q.J. Liu, Y.T. Zhao, et al., Energy Fuels 37 (2023) 3523–3554. doi: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.2c04093
32. [32]
  X.F. Tang, D. Liu, Y.J. Wang, et al., Prog. Mater. Sci. 118 (2021) 100770. doi: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2020.100770
33. [33]
  C. Chen, L. Hu, Acc. Chem. Res. 51 (2018) 3154–3165. doi: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00391
34. [34]
  H. Zhu, W. Luo, P.N. Ciesielski, et al., Chem. Rev. 116 (2016) 9305–9374. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00225
35. [35]
  F. Jiang, T. Li, Y.J. Li, et al., Adv. Mater. 30 (2018) 1703453. doi: 10.1002/adma.201703453
36. [36]
  J. Mazurkiewicz, Energies 15 (2022) 413. doi: 10.3390/en15020413
37. [37]
  B. Chen, J.A. Koziel, A. Bialowiec, et al., J. Environ. Manag. 370 (2024) 122692. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122692
38. [38]
  Y.C. Huang, Z. Tang, S.Y. Zhou, et al., J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 55 (2022) 313002. doi: 10.1088/1361-6463/ac6633
39. [39]
  W. Tong, X. Liang, X. Zhou, et al., J. For. Eng. 9 (2024) 77–83.
40. [40]
  Y. Zhang, Y. Zhao, Y. Wu, et al., Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 214 (2022) 414–425. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.089
41. [41]
  S. Abang, F. Wong, R. Sarbatly, et al., J. Bioresour. Bioprod. 8 (2023) 361–387.
42. [42]
  F. Fahma, N. Lisdayana, Z. Abidin, et al., J. Polym. Environ. 111 (2020) 1354–1363.
43. [43]
  H.W. Kwak, H. Lee, M.E. Lee, et al., J. Clean. Prod. 200 (2018) 1034–1042. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.07.289
44. [44]
  W. Zhu, Y. Zhang, X.Y. Wang, et al., Cellulose 29 (2022) 817–833. doi: 10.1007/s10570-021-04370-z
45. [45]
  N. Zainuddin, I. Ahmad, H. Kargarzadeh, et al., Carbohydr. Polym. 163 (2017) 261–269. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.01.036
46. [46]
  M. Mujtaba, A.M. Salaberria, M.A. Andres, et al., Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 104 (2017) 944–952. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.06.127
47. [47]
  H. Jin, T. Zhang, Z. Tian, et al., J. For. Eng. 9 (2024) 103–109.
48. [48]
  Q. Fu, Y.H. Liu, T. Liu, et al., Nano Energy 102 (2022) 107739. doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107739
49. [49]
  Z.T. Wei, J.L. Wang, Y.H. Liu, et al., Adv. Funct. Mater. 32 (2022) 2208277. doi: 10.1002/adfm.202208277
50. [50]
  K. Shi, H. Zou, B. Sun, et al., Adv. Funct. Mater. 30 (2019) 1904536.
51. [51]
  Q.L. Qu, X.L. Zhang, J. Muhire, et al., Colloids Surf. B: Biointerfaces 244 (2024) 114184. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114184
52. [52]
  C.Q. You, L.K. Ning, Z. Zhang, et al., Carbohydr. Polym. 289 (2022) 119432. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119432
53. [53]
  K.J. Nagarajan, N.R. Ramanujam, M.R. Sanjay, et al., Polym. Compos. 42 (2021) 1588–1630. doi: 10.1002/pc.25929
54. [54]
  H. Yang, Y. Zhang, R. Kato, et al., Carbohydr. Polym. 212 (2019) 30–39. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.02.008
55. [55]
  A. Ozen, A. Karabiber, S. Sener, et al., Phys. Status Solidi (A) 220 (2023) 2300191. doi: 10.1002/pssa.202300191
56. [56]
  M.K.M. Haafiz, S.J. Eichhorn, A. Hassan, et al., Carbohydr. Polym. 93 (2013) 628–634. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.01.035
57. [57]
  A.B. Perumal, R.B. Nambiar, J.A. Moses, et al., Food Hydrocoll. 127 (2022) 107484. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107484
58. [58]
  J.J. Yang, X.S. Han, W.S. Yang, et al., Environ. Res. 236 (2023) 116736. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116736
59. [59]
  S. Zhou, X. Kong, B. Zheng, et al., ACS Nano 13 (2019) 9578–9586. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04670
60. [60]
  S.W. Kim, K.H. Lee, Y.H. Lee, et al., Adv. Sci. 9 (2022) 2203720. doi: 10.1002/advs.202203720
61. [61]
  H. Lai, Z. Chen, H. Zhuo, et al., Chin. Chem. Lett. 35 (2024) 108331. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108331
62. [62]
  L.J. Andrew, E.R. Gillman, C.M. Walters, et al., Small 19 (2023) 2301947. doi: 10.1002/smll.202301947
63. [63]
  Q.Q. Lv, X.F. Ma, C.M. Zhang, et al., Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 259 (2024) 129268. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129268
64. [64]
  S.N. Fernandes, P.L. Almeida, N. Monge, et al., Adv. Mater. 29 (2017) 1603560. doi: 10.1002/adma.201603560
65. [65]
  N.H. Avcioglu, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 38 (2022) 86. doi: 10.1007/s11274-022-03271-y
66. [66]
  S.J. Wang, C.L. Li, L. Copeland, et al., Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf. 14 (2015) 568–585. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.12143
67. [67]
  G. Scott, J.M. Awika, Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf. 22 (2023) 2081–2111. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.13141
68. [68]
  T.J. Gutiérrez, J. Tovar, Trends Food Sci. Technol. 109 (2021) 711–724. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.078
69. [69]
  J.C. Tu, B. Adhikari, M.A. Brennan, et al., Food Hydrocoll. 139 (2023) 108504. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108504
70. [70]
  L.Y. Wang, M. Wang, Y.H. Zhou, et al., Food Chem. 377 (2022) 131990. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131990
71. [71]
  Z.Y. Wang, P. Mhaske, A. Farahnaky, et al., Food Hydrocoll. 129 (2022) 107542. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107542
72. [72]
  Q. Liu, L. Gao, Y. Qin, et al., Food Packag. Shelf Life 35 (2023) 101032. doi: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2023.101032
73. [73]
  R.F. Tester, J. Karkalas, X. Qi, J. Cereal Sci. 39 (2004) 151–165. doi: 10.1016/j.jcs.2003.12.001
74. [74]
  Q.T. Luo, T.P. Zeng, K. Gu, et al., ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 7 (2024) 11610–11632. doi: 10.1021/acsaem.4c01294
75. [75]
  X.G. Dang, N. Li, Z.F. Yu, et al., Carbohydr. Polym. 342 (2024) 122385. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122385
76. [76]
  J.L. Espinoza-Acosta, P.I. Torres-Chávez, J.L. Olmedo-Martínez, et al., J. Energy Chem. 27 (2018) 1422–1438. doi: 10.1016/j.jechem.2018.02.015
77. [77]
  W.L. Zhang, J. Yin, C.W. Wang, et al., Small Methods 5 (2021) 2100896. doi: 10.1002/smtd.202100896
78. [78]
  R. Madhu, A.P. Periasamy, P. Schlee, et al., Carbon 207 (2023) 172–197. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2023.03.001
79. [79]
  X.R. Yang, Y.F. Zhang, M.H. Ye, et al., Green Chem. 25 (2023) 4154–4179. doi: 10.1039/D3GC00565H
80. [80]
  Y.Y. Fan, C. Liu, X.C. Kong, et al., Green Energy Environ. 7 (2022) 1318–1326. doi: 10.1016/j.gee.2021.02.004
81. [81]
  M. Xu, X. Zhu, Y. Lai, et al., Appl. Energy 353 (2024) 122095. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.122095
82. [82]
  C.X. Huang, Z.W. Peng, J.J. Li, et al., Ind. Crops Prod. 187 (2022) 115388. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.115388
83. [83]
  R.R. Singhania, A.K. Patel, T. Raj, et al., Fuel 311 (2022) 122608. doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122608
84. [84]
  A.P. Khedulkar, B. Pandit, V.D. Dang, et al., Sci. Total Environ. 869 (2023) 161441. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161441
85. [85]
  D. Dong, Y. Xiao, Chem. Eng. J. 470 (2023) 144441. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2023.144441
86. [86]
  J. Wei, F. Hu, Y. Pan, et al., Chem. Eng. J. 481 (2024) 148793. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2024.148793
87. [87]
  J.K. Sahoo, O. Hasturk, T. Falcucci, et al., Nat. Rev. Chem. 7 (2023) 302–318. doi: 10.1038/s41570-023-00486-x
88. [88]
  H.Y. Zheng, B.Q. Zuo, J. Mater. Chem. B 9 (2021) 1238–1258. doi: 10.1039/D0TB02099K
89. [89]
  C. Holland, K. Numata, J. Rnjak-Kovacina, et al., Adv. Healthc. Mater. 8 (2019) 1800465. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201800465
90. [90]
  J. Li, S. Li, J. Huang, et al., Adv. Sci. 9 (2021) 2103965.
91. [91]
  W.C. Lu, C.S. Chiu, Y.J. Chan, et al., Aquac. Rep. 29 (2023) 101514. doi: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2023.101514
92. [92]
  Y. Zhang, Y. Wang, Y. Li, et al., Gels 9 (2023) 185. doi: 10.3390/gels9030185
93. [93]
  Z. Rajabimashhadi, N. Gallo, L. Salvatore, et al., Polymers 15 (2023) 544 Basel. doi: 10.3390/polym15030544
94. [94]
  S. Gaikwad, M.J. Kim, Mar. Drugs 22 (2024) 60. doi: 10.3390/md22020060
95. [95]
  J. Zhu, N. Ma, S. Li, et al., Adv. Funct. Mater. 33 (2023) 2213644. doi: 10.1002/adfm.202213644
96. [96]
  K.G. Motora, C.M. Wu, C.R.M. Jose, et al., Adv. Funct. Mater. 34 (2024) 2315069. doi: 10.1002/adfm.202315069
97. [97]
  L.K. Sellappan, S. Manoharan, Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 259 (2024) 129162. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129162
98. [98]
  C.R. Chilakamarry, S. Mahmood, S.N.B.M. Saffe, et al., 3 Biotech 11 (2021) 220.
99. [99]
  X. Zhang, Q. Qu, A. Yang, et al., Carbohydr. Polym. 299 (2023) 120134. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120134
100. [100]
  Q.L. Qu, A.Q. Yang, J. Wang, et al., J. Colloid Interface Sci. 649 (2023) 68–75. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.006
101. [101]
  M. Luo, Z.Q. Zhu, K. Yang, et al., Sci. Total Environ. 747 (2020) 141923. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141923
102. [102]
  Q. Wu, J.Q. Hu, S.S. Cao, et al., Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 155 (2020) 131–141. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.202
103. [103]
  S. Rahman, J. Gogoi, S. Dubey, et al., Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 255 (2024) 128197. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128197
104. [104]
  M.C.E. Lomer, Proc. Nutr. Soc. 83 (2023) 17–27.
105. [105]
  X. Chen, R. Wang, Z. Tan, Food Chem. 412 (2023) 135557. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135557
106. [106]
  S.X. Su, P.P. Long, Q. Zhang, et al., Food Chem. 446 (2024) 138827. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138827
107. [107]
  M. Zhang, C. Tang, Z.C. Wang, et al., Nat. Methods 21 (2024) 609–618. doi: 10.1038/s41592-024-02208-7
108. [108]
  Z.N. Ling, Y.F. Jiang, J.N. Ru, et al., Signal Transduct. Target. Ther. 8 (2023) 345. doi: 10.1038/s41392-023-01569-3
109. [109]
  J. Thomas, R. Patil, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 62 (2023) 1725–1735. doi: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03867
110. [110]
  H.H. Wang, Z.Y. Huang, X.L. Zeng, et al., ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. 5 (2023) 3726–3732. doi: 10.1021/acsaelm.3c00451
111. [111]
  X.Y. Lu, X.L. Gu, Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 229 (2023) 778–790. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.322
112. [112]
  M.Y. Zhi, X. Yang, R. Fan, et al., Polym. Degrad. Stab. 201 (2022) 109976. doi: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.109976
113. [113]
  Z. Chen, X. Liu, H. Chen, et al., Chin. Chem. Lett. 35 (2024) 109194. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109194
114. [114]
  X.Q. Mi, N. Liang, H.F. Xu, et al., Prog. Mater. Sci. 130 (2022) 100977. doi: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2022.100977
115. [115]
  W. Li, G.H. Wang, W.J. Sui, et al., Carbon 196 (2022) 819–827. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2022.05.053
116. [116]
  X.Y. Wang, X.W. Yang, C. Zhao, et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 62 (2023) e202302829. doi: 10.1002/anie.202302829
117. [117]
  Z. Peng, X. Jiang, C. Si, et al., ChemSusChem 16 (2023) e202300174. doi: 10.1002/cssc.202300174
118. [118]
  A. Zapasnik, B. Sokołowska, M. Bryła, Foods 11 (2022) 1283. ´ doi: 10.3390/foods11091283
119. [119]
  A. Vlachopoulos, G. Karlioti, E. Balla, et al., Pharmaceutics 14 (2022) 359. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020359
120. [120]
  T.A. Swetha, V. Ananthi, A. Bora, et al., Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 234 (2023) 123703. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123703
121. [121]
  W.W. Shi, T.J. Cassmann, A.V. Bhagwate, et al., Cell Rep. 43 (2024) 113746. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113746
122. [122]
  J. Kang, D. Miyajima, T. Mori, et al., Science 347 (2015) 646–651. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4249
123. [123]
  S. Dadashi-Silab, S. Doran, Y. Yagci, Chem. Rev. 116 (2016) 10212–10275. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00586
124. [124]
  K.R. Guo, J.R. Wang, Z. Shi, et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 62 (2023) e202213606. doi: 10.1002/anie.202213606
125. [125]
  Z.P. Zhou, L. Zhang, Y.H. Yang, et al., Nat. Chem. 15 (2023) 841. doi: 10.1038/s41557-023-01181-6
126. [126]
  H.M.T. Choi, V.A. Beck, N.A. Pierce, ACS Nano 8 (2014) 4284–4294. doi: 10.1021/nn405717p
127. [127]
  S.Y. Tao, S.J. Zhu, T.L. Feng, et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 59 (2020) 9826–9840. doi: 10.1002/anie.201916591
128. [128]
  N. Reddy, R. Reddy, Q.R. Jiang, Trends Biotechnol. 33 (2015) 362–369. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2015.03.008
129. [129]
  A. Oryan, A. Kamali, A. Moshiri, et al., Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 107 (2018) 678–688. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.184
130. [130]
  H. Nasution, H. Harahap, N.F. Dalimunthe, et al., Gels 8 (2022) 568. doi: 10.3390/gels8090568
131. [131]
  H.R. Qiang, J.W. Wang, H.X. Liu, et al., Polym. Chem. 14 (2023) 4255–4274 UK. doi: 10.1039/D3PY00767G
132. [132]
  W. Ali, H. Ali, S. Gillani, et al., Environ. Chem. Lett. 21 (2023) 1761–1786. doi: 10.1007/s10311-023-01564-8
133. [133]
  G. Li, M.H. Zhao, F. Xu, et al., Molecules 25 (2020) 5023. doi: 10.3390/molecules25215023
134. [134]
  M.J. Wang, Q.Q. Li, C.Z. Shi, et al., Nat. Nanotechnol. 18 (2023) 403–411. doi: 10.1038/s41565-023-01329-y
135. [135]
  M. Koller, A. Mukherjee, Bioengineering 9 (2022) 74 Basel. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering9020074
136. [136]
  A. Dhaini, V. Hardouin-Duparc, A. Alaaeddine, et al., Prog. Polym. Sci. 149 (2024) 101781. doi: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101781
137. [137]
  D.M. Lee, N. Rubab, I. Hyun, et al., Sci. Adv. 8 (2022) eabl8423. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abl8423
138. [138]
  L.P. Wang, Y.Z. Chang, A.M. Li, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 108 (2019) 423–440. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2019.04.011
139. [139]
  H.Z. He, R.Q. Zhang, P.C. Zhang, et al., Adv. Sci. 10 (2023) 2205557. doi: 10.1002/advs.202205557
140. [140]
  Z. Xu, J. Wang, Z.Y. Guo, et al., Adv. Energy Mater. 12 (2022) 2200208. doi: 10.1002/aenm.202200208
141. [141]
  B. Ercan, K. Alper, S. Ucar, et al., J. Energy Inst. 109 (2023) 101298. doi: 10.1016/j.joei.2023.101298
142. [142]
  S. Wu, Q. Wang, M.H. Fang, et al., Sci. Total Environ. 897 (2023) 165327. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165327
143. [143]
  P. Zhang, Y. Chen, X. Song, et al., Chem. Eng. J. 503 (2025) 157703. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2024.157703
144. [144]
  H.S. Li, F.Y. Shi, Q.D. An, et al., Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 166 (2021) 923–933. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.249
145. [145]
  P. Sangsiri, N. Laosiripojana, P. Daorattanachai, Renew. Energy 193 (2022) 113–127. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2022.05.012
146. [146]
  Y.D. Chen, F. Liu, N.Q. Ren, et al., Chin. Chem. Lett. 31 (2020) 2591–2602. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.08.019
147. [147]
  Y.L. Zhou, W. Yan, X.Y. Yu, et al., J. Energy Storage 32 (2020) 101706. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2020.101706
148. [148]
  E.A. Hirst, A. Taylor, R. Mokaya, J. Mater. Chem. A 6 (2018) 12393–12403. doi: 10.1039/C8TA04409K
149. [149]
  S. Zhong, L. Dai, H. Xu, et al., Diam. Relat. Mater. 141 (2024) 110714. doi: 10.1016/j.diamond.2023.110714
150. [150]
  Z.X. Guo, X.S. Han, C.M. Zhang, et al., Chin. Chem. Lett. 35 (2024) 109007. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109007
151. [151]
  S. Rawat, R.K. Mishra, T. Bhaskar, Chemosphere 286 (2022) 131961. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131961
152. [152]
  G. Jiang, R.A. Senthil, Y. Sun, et al., J. Power Sources 520 (2022) 230886. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230886
153. [153]
  J.H. Noh, K.Y. Lee, J.H. Kim, et al., Colloids Surf. Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 682 (2024) 132874. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.132874
154. [154]
  S. Zhang, Y. Yu, M.J. Xie, et al., Appl. Surf. Sci. 589 (2022) 153011. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.153011
155. [155]
  Y.L. Zhang, W. Sun, F.Q. Yang, J. Energy Storage 37 (2021) 102476. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2021.102476
156. [156]
  S.S. Gunasekaran, S. Badhulika, J. Energy Storage 41 (2021) 102997. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2021.102997
157. [157]
  S. Rawat, L. Jinlin, A.A. Ambalkar, et al., J. Energy Storage 60 (2023) 106598. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2022.106598
158. [158]
  S. Rawat, T. Boobalan, M. Sathish, et al., Biomass Bioenergy 171 (2023) 106747. doi: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2023.106747
159. [159]
  L. Yang, X.T. Guo, Z.K. Jin, et al., Nano Today 37 (2021) 101075. doi: 10.1016/j.nantod.2020.101075
160. [160]
  Q.Y. Kong, Q. Zhang, B. Yan, et al., J. Energy Storage 80 (2024) 110322. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2023.110322
161. [161]
  J.Y. Hao, B.X. Wang, H. Xu, et al., J. Energy Storage 86 (2024) 111301. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2024.111301
162. [162]
  Y. Cheng, M. Chen, K. Xia, et al., J. Power Sources 624 (2024) 235523. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.235523
163. [163]
  N. Ahmad, A. Rinaldi, M. Sidoli, et al., J. Energy Storage 99 (2024) 113267. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2024.113267
164. [164]
  Y. Chen, C. Zhou, X. Xing, et al., Chem. Eng. J. 495 (2024) 153579. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2024.153579
165. [165]
  M. Gautam, T. Patodia, K. Sachdev, et al., Biomass Convers. Biorefin. (2024).
166. [166]
  M.K. Jha, D. Shah, P. Mulmi, et al., Mater. Lett. 344 (2023) 134436. doi: 10.1016/j.matlet.2023.134436
167. [167]
  H. Liu, F. Zhang, X. Lin, et al., Nanoscale Adv. 5 (2023) 2831. doi: 10.1039/D3NA90045B
168. [168]
  A. Sandeep, A.V. Ravindra, Diam. Relat. Mater. 146 (2024) 111158. doi: 10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111158
169. [169]
  Y. Xia, H.F. Zuo, J.L. Lv, et al., J. Clean. Prod. 396 (2023) 136517. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.136517
170. [170]
  S.M. Wu, H. Zhou, Y.H. Zhou, et al., J. Alloys Compd. 859 (2021) 157814. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.157814
171. [171]
  Y. Sun, Z. He, H. Fan, et al., J. Power Sources 614 (2024) 235027. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.235027
172. [172]
  F.P. Wang, T. Liao, S.J. Hu, et al., J. Energy Storage 91 (2024) 112081. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2024.112081
173. [173]
  Y. Shu, Q.H. Bai, G.X. Fu, et al., Carbohydr. Polym. 227 (2020) 115346. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115346
174. [174]
  G.J. Wang, Z.H. Lin, S.H. Jin, et al., J. Energy Storage 45 (2022) 103525. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2021.103525
175. [175]
  X. Zheng, Z.L. Lei, J.R. Wang, et al., Biomass Bioenergy 181 (2024) 107063. doi: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107063
176. [176]
  H. Luo, R. Si, C. Li, et al., Mater. Chem. Front. 6 (2022) 379–389. doi: 10.1039/D1QM01403J
177. [177]
  C.W. Li, H.L. Chen, L.Q. Zhang, et al., Polymers 13 (2021) 4463 Basel. doi: 10.3390/polym13244463
178. [178]
  P. Liang, R.C. Zhang, L.K. Ji, et al., J. Energy Storage 97 (2024) 112823. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2024.112823
179. [179]
  W.Y. Tang, C.Y. Fu, P. Lyu, et al., Powder Technol. 392 (2021) 38–46. doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.06.045
180. [180]
  S. Yang, Y. Cui, G. Yang, et al., J. Power Sources 554 (2023) 232347. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.232347
181. [181]
  C.N. Feng, H.B. Tang, X.F. Guo, et al., Mater. Chem. Phys. 245 (2020) 122785. doi: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2020.122785
182. [182]
  L. Yang, X.J. He, Y.C. Wei, et al., Nano Res. 15 (2022) 4068–4075. doi: 10.1007/s12274-021-4003-x
183. [183]
  M.B. Arvas, H. Gürsu, M. Gencten, et al., J. Energy Storage 35 (2021) 102328. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2021.102328
184. [184]
  T. Wang, D.L. Wu, F. Yuan, et al., Chem. Eng. J. 462 (2023) 142292. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2023.142292
185. [185]
  F.T. Ran, X.B. Yang, X.Q. Xu, et al., Chem. Eng. J. 412 (2021) 128673. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.128673
186. [186]
  Y. Hu, C. Tang, H.T. Li, et al., Chin. Chem. Lett. 33 (2022) 480–485. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.06.063
187. [187]
  N. Huang, C. Tang, H. Jiang, et al., Nano Res. 17 (2023) 2619–2627.
188. [188]
  H.C. Li, J. Zhao, J.H. Liu, et al., Solid State Ion. 414 (2024) 116631. doi: 10.1016/j.ssi.2024.116631
189. [189]
  K.H. Kim, Y.J. Song, H.J. Ahn, Korean J. Chem. Eng. 40 (2023) 1071–1076. doi: 10.1007/s11814-022-1325-7
190. [190]
  Z. Tian, C. Yang, Z. Guo, et al., Fuels 381 (2025) 133298. doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2024.133298
191. [191]
  X.Y. Zheng, Y.J. Tao, L.Z. Jin, et al., Ind. Crops Prod. 218 (2024) 119034. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119034
192. [192]
  J. Guo, D.L. Wu, T. Wang, et al., Appl. Surf. Sci. 475 (2019) 56–66. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.12.095
193. [193]
  X. Meng, D. Zhang, B. Wang, et al., J. Energy Storage 57 (2023) 106345. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2022.106345
194. [194]
  J. Singh, B. Dey, A. Syed, et al., Diam. Relat. Mater. 149 (2024) 111640. doi: 10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111640
195. [195]
  S.Q. Huang, Y. Ding, Y.C. Li, et al., Energy Fuels 35 (2021) 1557–1566. doi: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c04042
196. [196]
  W.M. Yin, L.F. Tian, B. Pang, et al., Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 156 (2020) 988– 996. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.102
197. [197]
  P.C. Du, L.H. Liu, Y.W. Dong, et al., Electrochim. Acta 370 (2021) 137801. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.137801
198. [198]
  Q.Q. Zhou, Q. Chen, W.J. Xu, et al., Chem. Eng. J. 496 (2024) 154126. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2024.154126
199. [199]
  Y.J. Li, X.F. Zou, S.Q. Li, et al., J. Mater. Chem. A 12 (2024) 18324–18337. doi: 10.1039/D4TA02115K
200. [200]
  N.N. Loganathan, V. Perumal, B.R. Pandian, et al., J. Energy Storage 49 (2022) 104149. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2022.104149
201. [201]
  S. Sardana, A. Gupta, K. Singh, et al., J. Energy Storage 45 (2022) 103510. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2021.103510
202. [202]
  E. Dhandapani, S. Thangarasu, S. Ramesh, et al., J. Energy Storage 52 (2022) 104937. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2022.104937
203. [203]
  A. Saeed, S. Khalid, M.N. Anjum, ChemistrySelect 9 (2024) e202303527. doi: 10.1002/slct.202303527
204. [204]
  P. Gao, Y.N. Peng, S.Q. Wang, et al., Electrochim. Acta 486 (2024) 144112. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2024.144112
205. [205]
  F.B. Fu, H. Wang, D.J. Yang, et al., J. Colloid Interface Sci. 617 (2022) 694–703. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.03.023
206. [206]
  V. Vimala, L. Cindrella, Chem. Phys. Lett. 809 (2022) 140172. doi: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.140172
207. [207]
  H.T. Wang, H.T. Chen, X. Hou, et al., Diam. Relat. Mater. 136 (2023) 109888. doi: 10.1016/j.diamond.2023.109888
208. [208]
  X.Y. Zhao, N. Wang, L. Li, et al., J. Chem. 2024 (2024) 2779104 Ny.
209. [209]
  J. Urzúa, P.S. Poon, J. Matos, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 626 (2024) 122779. doi: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2023.122779
210. [210]
  Y.X. Yang, K.K. Ge, S.U. Rehman, et al., Rare Met. 41 (2022) 3957–3975. doi: 10.1007/s12598-022-02091-1
211. [211]
  B.K. Saikia, S.M. Benoy, M. Bora, et al., Fuel 282 (2020) 118796. doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2020.118796
212. [212]
  C.Y. Xiong, C.M. Zheng, X. Jiang, et al., J. Energy Storage 72 (2023) 108633. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2023.108633
213. [213]
  D.G. Sun, C. Tang, H. Cheng, et al., J. Energy Chem. 72 (2022) 1–8.
214. [214]
  Z.X. Jin, Q.P. Cao, H. Gong, et al., J. Power Sources 608 (2024) 234264. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.234264
215. [215]
  H.Y. Quan, W.H. Tao, Y. Wang, et al., J. Energy Storage 55 (2022) 105573. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2022.105573
216. [216]
  J. Bu, Z. Zhou, X. Wu, et al., J. Mater. Sci. 56 (2021) 17694–17708. doi: 10.1007/s10853-021-06389-w
217. [217]
  N. Rey-Raap, M. Enterría, J.I. Martins, et al., ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 11 (2019) 6066–6077. doi: 10.1021/acsami.8b19246
218. [218]
  Y.X. Lv, C.H. Qi, Y.F. Bai, et al., Diam. Relat. Mater. 149 (2024) 111530. doi: 10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111530
219. [219]
  D. Thillaikkarasi, S. Karthikeyan, R. Ramesh, et al., Carbon Lett. 32 (2022) 1481–1505. doi: 10.1007/s42823-022-00386-y
220. [220]
  L. Gong, R.X. Zeng, Y.Q. Shi, et al., Bioresour. Technol. 399 (2024) 130573. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130573
221. [221]
  R.W. Chen, X.S. Li, Q.B. Huang, et al., Chem. Eng. J. 412 (2021) 128755. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.128755
222. [222]
  M.M. Xu, A.Q. Wang, Y. Xiang, et al., J. Clean. Prod. 315 (2021) 128110. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128110
223. [223]
  L. Guardia, L. Suárez, N. Querejeta, et al., Electrochim. Acta 298 (2019) 910–917. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.12.160
224. [224]
  Y.H. Cui, Q.S. Shi, Z. Liu, et al., Chem. Eng. J. 472 (2023) 144701. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2023.144701
225. [225]
  L. Pu, J. Zhang, N.K.L. Jiresse, et al., Adv. Compos. Hybrid Mater. 5 (2021) 356–369.
226. [226]
  M. Luo, K. Yang, D.T. Zhang, et al., Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 187 (2021) 903–910. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.178
227. [227]
  Y.R. Xi, Z.Y. Xiao, H. Lv, et al., J. Colloid Interface Sci. 630 (2023) 525–534. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.10.037
1. [1]
  Zixuan Guo , Xiaoshuai Han , Chunmei Zhang , Shuijian He , Kunming Liu , Jiapeng Hu , Weisen Yang , Shaoju Jian , Shaohua Jiang , Gaigai Duan . Activation of biomass-derived porous carbon for supercapacitors: A review. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(7): 109007-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109007
2. [2]
  Siling Chen , Yang Hu , Sijia Zhang , Xuesong Liu , Zhuqun Shi , Chuanxi Xiong , Weiwei Wu , Ruizhi Ning , Quanling Yang . Enhancing the electroactivity of supercapacitors through nitrogen doping on cellulose-derived carbon materials. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2026, 37(2): 111301-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111301
3. [3]
  Yan Gao , Ying Huang , Boming Lu , Meng Zong , Zheng Zhang . Hierarchical carbon nanofiber-based NiCo₂S₄/NiCo-LDH/C nanostructure array with efficient charge transfer for flexible solid-state supercapacitors. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2026, 37(5): 111347-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111347
4. [4]
  Yajun Hou , Chuanzheng Zhu , Qiang Wang , Xiaomeng Zhao , Kun Luo , Zongshuai Gong , Zhihao Yuan . ~2.5 nm pores in carbon-based cathode promise better zinc-iodine batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(5): 108697-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108697
5. [5]
  Tingting Huang , Zhuanlong Ding , Hao Liu , Ping-An Chen , Longfeng Zhao , Yuanyuan Hu , Yifan Yao , Kun Yang , Zebing Zeng . Electron-transporting boron-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Facile synthesis and heteroatom doping positions-modulated optoelectronic properties. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 109117-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109117
6. [6]
  Jingxuan Liu , Shiqi Zhao , Xiang Wu . Flexible electrochemical capacitor based NiMoSSe electrode material with superior cycling and structural stability. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(7): 109059-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109059
7. [7]
  Haoyang Peng , Rumeng Ji , Zehui Liu , Yongjie Bai , Minjie Wang , Xiaodan Huang . Enhanced Na⁺ adsorption by S-N Co-doped porous carbon from sodium gallate toward high-performance dual-carbon sodium-ion hybrid capacitors. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2026, 37(5): 112417-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2026.112417
8. [8]
  Enyu Zhao , Xin Tan , Ran Liu , Zihan Yu , Runbin Zeng , Wei Hong , Haiqiang Qi , Xuguang Li , Liangguo Yan , Xing Xu , Wen Song . Heteroatom synergy in N/O dual-doped biochar enhances non-radical degradation in Fenton-like reactions: Mechanisms, practical performance and ecological sustainability. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2026, 37(5): 111935-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111935
9. [9]
  Jun-Ming Cao , Kai-Yang Zhang , Jia-Lin Yang , Zhen-Yi Gu , Xing-Long Wu . Differential bonding behaviors of sodium/potassium-ion storage in sawdust waste carbon derivatives. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 109304-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109304
10. [10]
  Jing Guo , Chunhui Luo , Peng Li , Mao Ye , Zhihua Qiao , Yubo Wu , Huiqin Hu , Xubiao Luo , Liming Yang , Yulin Cai , Pengwei Li , Kai Zhu , Cheng Fu , Bing Yu , Yueying Chen , Shichang Wang , Ting Wang , Chongchong Qi , Zirou Liu , Dongmei Huang , Zengxi Wei , Fangxin Mao , Yi Wei , Caining Wen , Chao Han , Bo Weng , Han Feng , Junming Hong , Jing Wu , Yu Xiao , Guang Liu , Linlin Song , Rongzheng Ren , Zhenhua Wang , Long Kong , Huaifang Shang , Lihua Wang , Yongzhi Chen , Changjie Ou , Huijun Yang , Xiaoyu Liu , Jin Yi , Siwu Li , Chuang Yu , Yanhui Cao , Zhong Wu , Yida Deng , Wenbin Hu , Jianjian Zhong , Xiong Zhang , Yanwei Ma , Jianmin Ma . Roadmap on sustainable materials and technologies. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2026, 37(2): 112116-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112116
11. [11]
  Zuyou Song , Yong Jiang , Qiao Gou , Yini Mao , Yimin Jiang , Wei Shen , Ming Li , Rongxing He . Promoting the generation of active sites through "Co-O-Ru" electron transport bridges for efficient water splitting. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(4): 109793-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109793
12. [12]
  Xiao Li , Chaoqiong Fang , Riming Hu , Jiayuan Yu . Regulating the proton supply effect on chlorine-doped bismuth for enhanced electroreduction CO₂ to formate. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2026, 37(1): 111307-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111307
13. [13]
  Mimi Wu , Shoufeng Tang , Zhibin Wang , Qingrui Zhang , Deling Yuan . Molybdenum carbide activated calcium sulfite for antibiotic decontamination at near-neutral pH: Dissolved oxygen promoted bisulfite adsorption for singlet oxygen generation. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(8): 110613-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110613
14. [14]
  Jin Li , Xin Chen , Aling Chen , Zhi-Qiang Wang , Dengsong Zhang . Theoretical insight into the active sites for chlorobenzene oxidation: From phosphate to M₃ clusters. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(8): 110527-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110527
15. [15]
  Ting Shi , Ziyang Song , Yaokang Lv , Dazhang Zhu , Ling Miao , Lihua Gan , Mingxian Liu . Hierarchical porous carbon guided by constructing organic-inorganic interpenetrating polymer networks to facilitate performance of zinc hybrid supercapacitors. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(1): 109559-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109559
16. [16]
  Wei-Jia Wang , Kaihong Chen . Molecular-based porous polymers with precise sites for photoreduction of carbon dioxide. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(1): 109998-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109998
17. [17]
  Min LUO , Xiaonan WANG , Yaqin ZHANG , Tian PANG , Fuzhi LI , Pu SHI . Porous spherical MnCo₂S₄ as high-performance electrode material for hybrid supercapacitors. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(2): 413-424. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240205
18. [18]
  Mengmeng Ao , Jian Wei , Chuan-Shu He , Heng Zhang , Zhaokun Xiong , Yonghui Song , Bo Lai . Insight into the activation of peroxymonosulfate by N-doped copper-based carbon for efficient degradation of organic pollutants: Synergy of nonradicals. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(1): 109882-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109882
19. [19]
  Feng Lin , Zhongxin Jin , Caiying Li , Cheng Shao , Yang Xu , Fangze Li , Siqi Liu , Ruining Gu . Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of Nickel Foam-Supported Ni(OH)₂-NiMoO₄ Electrode Material. University Chemistry, 2025, 40(10): 225-232. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202412017
20. [20]
  Mengying XU , Wen LI , Junzhong MEI , Cheng ZHANG , Kannan Palanisamy , Lei LU , Lianpeng ZHANG , Peng WANG . Manganese-doped poly(1,5-diaminonaphthalene) based high-performance supercapacitors. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2026, 42(2): 387-397. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20250211

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(0)
Abstract views(16)
HTML views(5)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142