Citation: Zhiyuan Liu, Hui Peng, Xin Wang, Zhenghao Tang, Wenbo Hou, Bo Tao, Yue Li, Guofu Ma, Ziqiang Lei. Coupling of graphitic microcrystalline and available functional groups in hard carbon unlocking deep and fast potassium-ion storage[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2026, 37(2): 110592. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110592 shu

Coupling of graphitic microcrystalline and available functional groups in hard carbon unlocking deep and fast potassium-ion storage

Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China

penghui@nwnu.edu.cn

leizq@nwnu.edu.cn

Received Date: 8 September 2024
Revised Date: 21 October 2024
Accepted Date: 29 October 2024
Available Online: 30 October 2024

Figures(5)

There are limitations to using hard carbon (HC) in K⁺ storage due to its insufficient high-current reversible capacity and plateau potential, which result from the lack of effective active sites and low intercalation capabilities. The construction of HC cathodes with more available functional groups and ordered carbon nanocrystal structures is essential for improving K⁺ storage efficiency. Herein, a new perspective is proposed for synthesizing hard carbon nanosheets (HCNS) with abundant hydroxyl groups (O-H)/carboxylic groups (O-C = O) and rational carbon nanocrystals by interfacial assembly and carbonization. Systematic in ex-situ observations, dynamic analysis and theory calculations elucidate that the superior electrochemical capability of HCNS is ascribed to the synergistic effect of abundant available functional groups and ordered graphitic microcrystalline. Consequently, the HCNS exhibits outstanding K⁺ storage capabilities in terms of superb energy density (146.2 Wh/kg), high power density (1,7800 Wh/kg), and ultralong lifespan (102.9% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles). It was also found that the HC structure correlates with the discharge/charge plateau, confirming the 'adsorption-insertion' charge storage mechanism. Furthermore, the proposed work provides a theoretical basis for making high-performance HC anodes by understanding the effect of their microstructure on K⁺ storage.
- Hard carbon,
- Carbon nanosheet,
- Graphitic microcrystalline,
- Available functional groups,
- Potassium ion hybrid capacitors
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