Citation: . Research progress of photocatalysis based on highly dispersed titanium in mesoporous SiO₂[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2019, 30(4): 853-862. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.03.020 shu

Research progress of photocatalysis based on highly dispersed titanium in mesoporous SiO₂

Received Date: 23 January 2019
Revised Date: 8 March 2019
Accepted Date: 11 May 2019
Available Online: 15 April 2019

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With the development of the human economy and green chemistry, people pay much more attention to environmental safety. Correspondingly, mesoporous TiO₂ and its correlated photocatalysts are able to help people seek for better life. In this review, first of all, we briefly introduce the preparations and applications of mesoporous TiO₂-SiO₂ materials, which exhibit excellent performance in pollutants decomposition and H₂ evolution in photocatalysis. Then, we review the mesoporous composites of Ti-SiO₂ materials, which are ideal materials used in the photoreduction of air pollutants such as CO₂, NO and NO₂. It is powerfully evident from the literature surveys that these TiO₂ based mesoporous photocatalysts possess a large potential in environment and energy development.
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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Scheme 1. Illustration for the self-assembly and structure evolution process of mesostructured titania-silica binary oxides. Copied with permission [21]. Copyright 2009, Elsevier.

Figure 1. Adsorption of MB per unit weight (mg) of (a) TS-400, (b) TS-500, (c) TS-600, (d) TS-700, (e) P-TiO₂ and (f) Degussa P25. Copied with permission [21]. Copyright 2009, Elsevier.

Figure 2. Strategies to realize visible light induced degradation of organic pollutants on a semiconductor with a wide band gap. (a) The band-band excitation of the pure semiconductor under UV irradiation (inset a) and the bulk-doping to extend the photoresponse by forming electronic states below the conduction band (inset b) or above the valence band (inset c) of the semiconductor in the band gap. (b) The semiconductor-mediated photodegradation initiated by the surface electron injection from the adsorbed dye molecular that harvest visible light. Copied with permission [25]. Copyright 2009, Royal Society of Chemistry.

Figure 3. Adsorption and photocatalytic activity of the catalysts in aqueous phase. Copied with permission [30]. Copyright 2008, Elsevier.

Figure 4. Results of CN^- photo-oxidation and settling recovery of studied photocatalysts. Copied with permission [31]. Copyright 2002, Elsevier.

Figure 5. (a) UV light photodegradation rate of RhB and (b) the photodegradation kinetic curve in the presence of Degussa P25 (line a), P–TiO₂ (line b), TS-400 (line c), TS-500 (line d), TS-600 (line e) and TS-700 (line f). Copied with permission [21]. Copyright 2009, Elsevier.

Figure 6. (a) Illustration of the fluorination reaction occurred in the pore channels of MCF; (b) Visible light photocatalytic activities of different samples [32].

Figure 7. Conceptual diagram of a Z-scheme photocatalytic system. Copied with permission [33]. Copyright 2013, Royal Society of Chemistry.

Figure 8. (a) The photocurrent density of S1-S4 at calcination temperature of 750. (b) The photocurrent density of TiO₂, SiO₂, and TiO₂-SiO₂ (S2-750). Copied with permission [34]. Copyright 2003, Elsevier.

Figure 9. Schematic illustration of band edge and charge transfer on RuS₂/TiO₂–SiO₂ at pH 9. The thick arrows mean the dominant pathways for hydrogen and oxygen evolution. Copied with permission [36]. Copyright 2004, Elsevier.

Scheme 2. Synthetic steps for the production of the fluorine-doped TiO_2-x/MCF composite and the displacement of lattice oxygen vacancies with F atoms during vacuum activation. Copied with permission [37]. Copyright 2014, Wiley.

Figure 10. (a) Solar-light induced (with an AM 1.5 filter) photocatalytic water splitting for H₂ generation, and the cycling measurements of F-TiO_2-x/MCF; (b) Photocatalytic activities for degradation of MO induced by simulated solar light; (c) A comparison of photocatalytic decomposition of MB by F-TiO_2-x/MCF, blank H-TiO_2-x and other catalysts under simulated solar light irradiation (with an AM 1.5 air mass filter); (d) Cycling tests of solar-driven photocatalytic activity of F-TiO_2-x/MCF for the degradation of MB; (e) Transient photocurrent responses of F-TiO_2-x/MCF in 0.5 mol/L Na₂SO₄ aqueous solution under various irradiation conditions (UV light: < 380 nm filter, visible light: > 420 nm filter); (f) Comparison between the solar light-driven photocurrent and the sum of the photocurrent of F-TiO_2-x/MCF under UV and visible light irradiation. Copied with permission [37]. Copyright 2014, Wiley.

Figure 11. Size-dependent activity and selectivity of Pt NPs in CO2PR. (a) Correlations between the selectivity for CH₄ and surface site proportion as functions of the size of Pt NPs in xPHTSO (x = 1.8, 3.4, 4.3 and 7.0). (b) Free energy diagrams for CO₂ reduction to CH₄ by the thermochemical model on Pt(111) surface and Pt55. (c) Scheme illustration of partial CO modified 1.8PHTSO through stepwise adsorption and desorption of CO. (d) CO-TPD results of 1.8PHTSO after CO pulse adsorption (up) and stepwise CO pulse adsorption and He flow desorption at 280 ℃ (down). (e) Performance comparisons of CO₂PR between 1.8PHTSO and CO-1.8PHTSO, the RE denotes as the reacted electrons and CH₄ S denotes as the CH₄ selectivity. Copied with permission [41]. Copyright 2018, Springer Nature.

Figure 12. Relationship between structure and electronic state of Ti-oxides. (a) UV absorption spectra of various titanium oxide catalysts. (b) Transmittance of the visible light-responsive TiO₂ thin films prepared on the substrates at various different temperatures. (c) The absorption (right) and photoluminescence spectrum of Ti-oxide (middle) and its quenching by an increase in the pressure of added O₂. (d). The XANES and ET-EXAFS spectrum of highly dispersed tetrahedrally coordinated Ti-oxide single site catalysts prepared with the zeolite framework structures. Copied with permission [61]. Copyright 2013, Elsevier.

Figure 13. Yields of CH₄ and CH₃OH in the photocatalytic reduction of CO₂ with H₂O on Ti-PS (h, 25) (a) Ti-PS (c, 50) (b), Ti-MCM-41(c), the powdered form of Ti-PS (h, 50) (d) and Ti-PS (h, 50) (e). Reaction time is 6 h. Copied with permission [56]. Copyright 2002, Elsevier.

Figure 14. (a) Reaction time profiles of the photocatalytic reduction of CO₂ with H₂O to produce CH₄ and CH₃OH on a Ti-oxide single-site containing mesoporous silica thin film photocatalyst at 298 K. Inserted Fig. shows how to measure the real quantum yields of the reaction [64, 66]. (b) The yields of CH₄ and CH₃OH in the photocatalytic reduction of CO₂ with H₂Oon Ti-PS (h, 25), Ti-PS (c, 50), Ti-MCM-41, powdered form of Ti-PS (h, 50) and Ti-PS (h, 50) photocatalysts at 295 K. Reproduced with permission [61]. Copyright 2013, Elsevier.

Figure 15. Relationship between the coordination numbers and photocatalytic reactivity of titanium oxides. Copied with permission [61]. Copyright 2013, Elsevier.

Figure 16. The effects of the film thickness on the photocatalytic reactivity of TiO₂ photocatalysts for the decomposition of NO (●) under UV light irradiation, the BET surface areas (◆), and the wavelength of absorption edge (■). Copied with permission [46]. Copyright 2000, Springer.

Figure 17. XANES ((a)-(d)) and Fourier transforms of EXAFS ((A)–(D)) spectra of CrO₃ (A), Cr₂O₃ (B) and the Cr-impregnated TiO₂ (C) and Cr ion-implanted TiO₂ after calcination at 723 K (D). Copied with permission [50]. Copyright 2004, Springer.

Research progress of photocatalysis based on highly dispersed titanium in mesoporous SiO2

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Research progress of photocatalysis based on highly dispersed titanium in mesoporous SiO₂