钾离子电池聚合物正极：储能机制与优化策略

引用本文: 周驰, 袁泽宇, 胡志斌, 吴亚群, 段丽平, 杜忆忱, 周小四. 钾离子电池聚合物正极：储能机制与优化策略[J]. 物理化学学报, 2026, 42(11): 100363. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100363 shu

Citation: Chi Zhou, Zeyu Yuan, Zhibin Hu, Yaqun Wu, Liping Duan, Yichen Du, Xiaosi Zhou. 钾离子电池聚合物正极：储能机制与优化策略[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2026, 42(11): 100363. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100363 shu

钾离子电池聚合物正极：储能机制与优化策略

南京师范大学化学与材料科学学院, 江苏南京 210023

通讯作者: 杜忆忱,E-mail:duyichen@njnu.edu.cn; 周小四,E-mail:zhouxiaosi@njnu.edu.cn

基金项目:
国家自然科学基金(22479078和22179063)资助项目。

摘要: 由于可调控的分子结构、丰富的氧化还原活性位点以及可持续的元素组成，聚合物正极在钾离子电池领域引起了越来越多的关注。与无机嵌入型正极相比，聚合物正极通常通过钾离子或电解液阴离子与有机官能团之间的可逆氧化还原反应来储存电荷，这些官能团包括羰基、酰亚胺、醌、偶氮、亚胺以及含氮杂环单元。其电化学性能不仅取决于活性位点本征的氧化还原化学特性，还受聚合物主链构型、π共轭程度、聚集行为、孔结构以及电极/电解液界面稳定性的影响。本文综述了聚合物正极在钾离子电池中的最新进展，重点关注钾储存机制与结构优化策略。从分子结构、离子-电极相互作用以及电荷转移动力学等角度，讨论了若干代表性机制，例如羰基配位、酰亚胺螯合、多电子氧化还原过程、双极性电荷补偿以及赝电容行为。此外，还从溶剂化/去溶剂化行为、局部配位环境和氧化还原位点利用等方面分析了K⁺、Li⁺和Na⁺之间的离子特异性差异。文中重点介绍了若干关键优化策略，包括聚合度调控、刚性π共轭主链设计、孔结构或三维网络构筑、导电复合以及电解液匹配。最后，讨论了当前仍面临的挑战与未来研究方向，以指导高性能钾离子电池聚合物正极的理性设计。

关键词:

English

钾离子电池聚合物正极：储能机制与优化策略

School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China

Corresponding author: Yichen Du, ; Xiaosi Zhou,

Received Date: 01 June 2026
Accepted Date: 06 July 2026
Revised Date: 29 June 2026

Abstract: 由于可调控的分子结构、丰富的氧化还原活性位点以及可持续的元素组成，聚合物正极在钾离子电池领域引起了越来越多的关注。与无机嵌入型正极相比，聚合物正极通常通过钾离子或电解液阴离子与有机官能团之间的可逆氧化还原反应来储存电荷，这些官能团包括羰基、酰亚胺、醌、偶氮、亚胺以及含氮杂环单元。其电化学性能不仅取决于活性位点本征的氧化还原化学特性，还受聚合物主链构型、π共轭程度、聚集行为、孔结构以及电极/电解液界面稳定性的影响。本文综述了聚合物正极在钾离子电池中的最新进展，重点关注钾储存机制与结构优化策略。从分子结构、离子-电极相互作用以及电荷转移动力学等角度，讨论了若干代表性机制，例如羰基配位、酰亚胺螯合、多电子氧化还原过程、双极性电荷补偿以及赝电容行为。此外，还从溶剂化/去溶剂化行为、局部配位环境和氧化还原位点利用等方面分析了K⁺、Li⁺和Na⁺之间的离子特异性差异。文中重点介绍了若干关键优化策略，包括聚合度调控、刚性π共轭主链设计、孔结构或三维网络构筑、导电复合以及电解液匹配。最后，讨论了当前仍面临的挑战与未来研究方向，以指导高性能钾离子电池聚合物正极的理性设计。

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

钾离子电池聚合物正极：储能机制与优化策略

通讯作者: 杜忆忱,E-mail:duyichen@njnu.edu.cn; 周小四,E-mail:zhouxiaosi@njnu.edu.cn

English

钾离子电池聚合物正极：储能机制与优化策略

Corresponding author: Yichen Du, ; Xiaosi Zhou,

CCS Chemistry：嵌段共聚物自组装成 “三明治”二维有机材料，实现纳米级压力传感功能

CCS Chemistry：颜徐州、鲍哲南：你的皮肤可能是一片SPMs

CCS Chemistry：工作高效不疲劳，只须让催化剂动起来

CCS Chemistry：静电组装导向聚合- 聚电解质纳米凝胶量化制备新策略

CCS Chemistry：金黄色葡萄球菌醛基脱氢酶是如何识别特异性底物的？

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中国化学会秘书处

钾离子电池聚合物正极：储能机制与优化策略

通讯作者: 杜忆忱,E-mail:duyichen@njnu.edu.cn; 周小四,E-mail:zhouxiaosi@njnu.edu.cn

English

钾离子电池聚合物正极：储能机制与优化策略

Corresponding author: Yichen Du, ; Xiaosi Zhou,

CCS Chemistry：嵌段共聚物自组装成 “三明治”二维有机材料，实现纳米级压力传感功能

CCS Chemistry：颜徐州、鲍哲南： 你的皮肤可能是一片SPMs

CCS Chemistry：工作高效不疲劳，只须让催化剂动起来

CCS Chemistry：静电组装导向聚合- 聚电解质纳米凝胶量化制备新策略

CCS Chemistry：金黄色葡萄球菌醛基脱氢酶是如何识别特异性底物的？

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