仿生“须根”相变复合材料用于光热转换与能量存储

付杰 柏凌寒 初立秋 邹涵羽 秦龙 贾姝馨 倪美乐 郝智藩 孙梦潇 吴凡

引用本文: 付杰, 柏凌寒, 初立秋, 邹涵羽, 秦龙, 贾姝馨, 倪美乐, 郝智藩, 孙梦潇, 吴凡. 仿生“须根”相变复合材料用于光热转换与能量存储[J]. 物理化学学报, 2026, 42(10): 100333. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100333 shu
Citation:  Jie Fu,  Linghan Bai,  Liqiu Chu,  Hanyu Zou,  Long Qin,  Shuxin Jia,  Meile Ni,  Zhifan Hao,  Mengxiao Sun,  Fan Wu. Biomimetic “fibrous root systems” in phase-change composites for photothermal conversion and energy storage[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2026, 42(10): 100333. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100333 shu

仿生“须根”相变复合材料用于光热转换与能量存储

    通讯作者: 柏凌寒,E-mail:LinghanBAi@ustb.edu.cn; 郝智藩,E-mail:hzf2112@xs.ustb.edu.cn; 孙梦潇,E-mail:smx20231002@hebut.edu.cn; 吴凡,E-mail:wufan0817@tju.edu.cn
  • 基金项目:

    本研究由国家自然科学基金资助(52572322)

摘要: 具有高效光热转换与储能能力的相变材料(PCMs)在太阳能捕获、转换与存储方面展现出巨大潜力。然而,原始相变材料虽具有高潜热值,却存在光捕获吸收效率低、导热性差、相变材料泄漏、形状稳定性差等问题。为此,将相变材料与光热转换材料复合,并受植物“根须”结构启发,我们设计了一种新型仿生相变材料。该材料采用由碳化PBO纤维(CPF)与原位生成的镍纳米颗粒(NPs)限域碳纳米管(CNTs)构成的双碳结构(CPF@Ni/CNTs)作为三维多孔碳骨架支撑,以镍纳米颗粒为功能填料、石蜡(PW)为相变材料,成功制备出PW-CPF@Ni/CNTs相变复合材料。得益于三维网络多孔结构的物理吸附作用,实现了254%的高PW负载率,并在相变过程中有效抑制泄漏(300次热循环后泄漏率≤ 0.17%)。镍纳米颗粒的引入不仅构建了丰富的热传导通道,更通过局域表面等离子体共振(LSPR)效应与高宽带吸光特性的石墨化碳结构协同作用,显著提升了相变复合材料的光捕获与能量转换效率。最终,PW-CPF@Ni/CNTs相变复合材料展现出183.6 J g-1的潜热值、0.77 W (m K)-1的导热系数(较纯PW提升2.6倍)及96.69%的光热转换效率(100 mW cm-2光照强度)。此外,该相变复合材料在300次光热循环后仍保持优异的热可靠性。本研究提出了一种新型仿生根须状镍诱导双碳三维网络多孔结构用于可控制备多功能高性能相变复合材料,并对其光热转换机制进行了深入解析。这种新型相变复合材料在太阳能存储、太阳能热水器及电子器件热管理等领域具有重要应用价值。

English

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