注册 English

用于电磁干扰屏蔽和电磁波吸收的柔性电磁防护材料的进展与挑战

毛盛棣 ,  苗瑞丰 ,  兰笛 ,  张世杰 ,  周继光 ,  刘勋 ,  杜苏轩 ,  赵志伟 ,  吴广磊

downloadPDF
引用本文: 毛盛棣, 苗瑞丰, 兰笛, 张世杰, 周继光, 刘勋, 杜苏轩, 赵志伟, 吴广磊. 用于电磁干扰屏蔽和电磁波吸收的柔性电磁防护材料的进展与挑战[J]. 物理化学学报, 2026, 42(6): 100279. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100279 shu
Citation:  Shengdi Mao,  Ruifeng Miao,  Di Lan,  Shijie Zhang,  Jiguang Zhou,  Xun Liu,  Suxuan Du,  Zhiwei Zhao,  Guanglei Wu. Advances and challenges in flexible electromagnetic protection materials for electromagnetic interference shielding and wave absorption[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2026, 42(6): 100279. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100279 shu

用于电磁干扰屏蔽和电磁波吸收的柔性电磁防护材料的进展与挑战

  • 1.

    河南工业大学材料科学与工程学院, 河南 郑州 450001;

  • 2.

    湖北汽车工业学院汽车材料学院, 湖北 十堰 442002;

  • 3.

    郑州三磨超硬材料有限公司, 河南 郑州 450002;

  • 4.

    青岛大学材料科学与工程学院, 山东 青岛 266071

    • 通讯作者: 张世杰,E-mail:zsj562389@sina.com; 杜苏轩,E-mail:suxuan_du@haut.edu.cn; 吴广磊,E-mail:wuguanglei@qdu.edu.cn/wuguanglei@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金项目:

    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(52302362和52377026)、河南工业大学青年骨干教师培育计划(21421297)、河南工业大学创新人才培养计划拔尖人才培育项目(21421318)、河南省科技攻关项目(262102230127)资助。

摘要: 无线局域网(WLAN)和第五代移动通信(5G)的快速发展，使得高效电磁防护(EMP)材料的研究备受关注。然而，早期EMP材料往往优先考虑电磁衰减效率而忽略了机械柔性，这限制了其在可穿戴电子产品、软体机器人和智能传感系统等新兴领域的应用。因此，柔性EMP材料的开发势在必行。本文将柔性EMP材料系统地分为柔性电磁干扰(EMI)屏蔽材料和柔性电磁波吸收(EWA)材料，并根据不同的材料体系和设计策略进一步细分。基于导电聚合物、碳基纳米材料、MXene和金属复合材料等不同基底的柔性EMI屏蔽材料，因其高屏蔽效能(SE)和高柔性而备受关注。薄膜结构已被广泛应用于EMI屏蔽和电磁波吸收系统，本文也对其作用进行了介绍。随后，人们系统地介绍了具有多种结构设计的柔性电磁屏蔽材料，包括聚合物基复合材料、海绵、泡沫和气凝胶。本文全面阐述了柔性电磁屏蔽材料和电磁屏蔽材料，解释了近期研究成果的机理和材料分类，并探讨了其设计思路对下一代柔性电磁屏蔽材料的意义。

English

    1. [1]

    2. [2]

      X. Qie, J. He, S. Liu, W. Zhang, M. Gan, Q. Wu, Compos. Commun. 55 (2025) 102294, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2025.102294.X. Qie, J. He, S. Liu, W. Zhang, M. Gan, Q. Wu, Compos. Commun. 55 (2025) 102294, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2025.102294.

    3. [3]

      Z. Cui, M. Yang, G. Han, H. Zhang, Y. Wang, Y. Zhang, Z. Li, J. He, R. Yu, J. Shui, et al., Carbon 230 (2024) 119627, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119627.Z. Cui, M. Yang, G. Han, H. Zhang, Y. Wang, Y. Zhang, Z. Li, J. He, R. Yu, J. Shui, et al., Carbon 230 (2024) 119627, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119627.

    4. [4]

      J.-H. Han, J. Park, M. Kim, S. Lee, J.M. Heo, Y.H. Jin, Y. Chae, J. Han, J. Wang, S.-H. Seok, et al., Adv. Mater. 37 (2025) 2502443, https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202502443.J.-H. Han, J. Park, M. Kim, S. Lee, J.M. Heo, Y.H. Jin, Y. Chae, J. Han, J. Wang, S.-H. Seok, et al., Adv. Mater. 37 (2025) 2502443, https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202502443.

    5. [5]

      Y. Bai, J. Ju, Y. Pan, B. Zhang, D. Wang, X. Li, Chem. Eng. J. 500 (2024) 156896, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.156896.Y. Bai, J. Ju, Y. Pan, B. Zhang, D. Wang, X. Li, Chem. Eng. J. 500 (2024) 156896, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.156896.

    6. [6]

      H. Zhao, J. Yun, Y. Zhang, K. Ruan, Y. Huang, Y. Zheng, L. Chen, J. Gu, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 14 (2022) 3233, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c22950.H. Zhao, J. Yun, Y. Zhang, K. Ruan, Y. Huang, Y. Zheng, L. Chen, J. Gu, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 14 (2022) 3233, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c22950.

    7. [7]

      Z. Zheng, X. Gu, S.-Y. Liao, H. Ouyang, R. Sun, P. Zhu, Y.-J. Wan, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 17 (2025) 23176, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c01142.Z. Zheng, X. Gu, S.-Y. Liao, H. Ouyang, R. Sun, P. Zhu, Y.-J. Wan, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 17 (2025) 23176, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c01142.

    8. [8]

      M. Liu, H. Zhang, X. Huang, Z. Zhang, K. Zhang, Z. Chen, J. Zhou, L. Pan, Adv. Funct. Mater. 35 (2025) 2419077, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202419077.M. Liu, H. Zhang, X. Huang, Z. Zhang, K. Zhang, Z. Chen, J. Zhou, L. Pan, Adv. Funct. Mater. 35 (2025) 2419077, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202419077.

    9. [9]

      R. Cheng, C. Chu, R. Tang, Z. Huang, P. Xu, Y. Ding, Prog. Org. Coat. 187 (2024) 108155, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2023.108155.R. Cheng, C. Chu, R. Tang, Z. Huang, P. Xu, Y. Ding, Prog. Org. Coat. 187 (2024) 108155, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2023.108155.

    10. [10]

      L. Zhang, X. Ding, D. Lin, Y. Feng, H. Fu, G. Xiao, P. Xu, Q. Li, Compos. Part B-Eng. 297 (2025) 112339, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112339.L. Zhang, X. Ding, D. Lin, Y. Feng, H. Fu, G. Xiao, P. Xu, Q. Li, Compos. Part B-Eng. 297 (2025) 112339, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112339.

    11. [11]

      X. Ding, Y. Wang, W. Zhang, D. Lin, Y. Feng, H. Fu, K. Tian, Q. Li, Compos. Part A-Appl. S. 198 (2025) 109154, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109154.X. Ding, Y. Wang, W. Zhang, D. Lin, Y. Feng, H. Fu, K. Tian, Q. Li, Compos. Part A-Appl. S. 198 (2025) 109154, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109154.

    12. [12]

      Y. Liu, Y. Liu, Appl. Mater. Today 43 (2025) 102647, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2025.102647.Y. Liu, Y. Liu, Appl. Mater. Today 43 (2025) 102647, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2025.102647.

    13. [13]

      X. Zhao, Y. Huang, H. Jiang, X. Liu, M. Yu, M. Zong, Carbon 224 (2024) 119063, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119063.X. Zhao, Y. Huang, H. Jiang, X. Liu, M. Yu, M. Zong, Carbon 224 (2024) 119063, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119063.

    14. [14]

      Z. Li, W. Yang, Z. Chen, C. Qi, C. Zhang, S. Du, M. Li, R. Feng, S. Li, B. Sun, et al., ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 7 (2024) 4264, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.3c05784.Z. Li, W. Yang, Z. Chen, C. Qi, C. Zhang, S. Du, M. Li, R. Feng, S. Li, B. Sun, et al., ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 7 (2024) 4264, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.3c05784.

    15. [15]

      H. Xu, Y. Wang, M. Liu, Y. Zhai, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 17 (2025) 47679, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c09658.H. Xu, Y. Wang, M. Liu, Y. Zhai, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 17 (2025) 47679, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c09658.

    16. [16]

      H. Jiang, Y. Huang, X. Zhao, H. Zhu, H. Huang, M. Zong, Compos. Part A-Appl. S. 198 (2025) 109120, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109120.H. Jiang, Y. Huang, X. Zhao, H. Zhu, H. Huang, M. Zong, Compos. Part A-Appl. S. 198 (2025) 109120, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109120.

    17. [17]

      Y. Cai, T. Liu, L. Cheng, S. Guo, H. Yu, Y. Wang, D. Chen, Z. Hu, J. Liu, W. Wei, et al., J. Alloy. Compd. 976 (2024) 173080, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.173080.Y. Cai, T. Liu, L. Cheng, S. Guo, H. Yu, Y. Wang, D. Chen, Z. Hu, J. Liu, W. Wei, et al., J. Alloy. Compd. 976 (2024) 173080, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.173080.

    18. [18]

      Q. Wang, X. Liu, J. Cui, Y. Yan, Chem. Eng. J. 520 (2025) 165961, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.165961.Q. Wang, X. Liu, J. Cui, Y. Yan, Chem. Eng. J. 520 (2025) 165961, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.165961.

    19. [19]

      Z.-X. Liu, H.-B. Yang, Z.-M. Han, W.-B. Sun, X.-X. Ge, J.-M. Huang, K.-P. Yang, D.-H. Li, Q.-F. Guan, S.-H. Yu, Nano Lett. 24 (2024) 881, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03989.Z.-X. Liu, H.-B. Yang, Z.-M. Han, W.-B. Sun, X.-X. Ge, J.-M. Huang, K.-P. Yang, D.-H. Li, Q.-F. Guan, S.-H. Yu, Nano Lett. 24 (2024) 881, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03989.

    20. [20]

      X. Li, D. Xu, D. Zhou, S. Pang, C. Du, M. A. Darwish, T. Zhou, S.-K. Sun, Carbon 208 (2023) 374, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2023.03.054.X. Li, D. Xu, D. Zhou, S. Pang, C. Du, M. A. Darwish, T. Zhou, S.-K. Sun, Carbon 208 (2023) 374, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2023.03.054.

    21. [21]

      J. Zhu, D. Lan, X. Liu, S. Zhang, Z. Jia, G. Wu, Small 20 (2024) 2403689, https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202403689.J. Zhu, D. Lan, X. Liu, S. Zhang, Z. Jia, G. Wu, Small 20 (2024) 2403689, https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202403689.

    22. [22]

      Z. Li, C. Xu, J. Zheng, T. Hang, Y. Chen, H. Lin, X. Li, Z. Wu, J. Mater. Chem. C 12 (2024) 3632, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC00207E.Z. Li, C. Xu, J. Zheng, T. Hang, Y. Chen, H. Lin, X. Li, Z. Wu, J. Mater. Chem. C 12 (2024) 3632, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC00207E.

    23. [23]

      G. Wang, J. Chen, W. Zheng, B. Shen, Chem. Eng. J. 488 (2024) 151052, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.151052.G. Wang, J. Chen, W. Zheng, B. Shen, Chem. Eng. J. 488 (2024) 151052, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.151052.

    24. [24]

      Y. Guo, X. Chen, C. Wei, Y. Luo, J. Chen, Y. Zhu, Compos. Sci. Technol. 255 (2024) 110717, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2024.110717.Y. Guo, X. Chen, C. Wei, Y. Luo, J. Chen, Y. Zhu, Compos. Sci. Technol. 255 (2024) 110717, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2024.110717.

    25. [25]

      X. Li, J. Liu, Z. Jia, D. Lan, D. Ai, Z. Gao, F. Bai, G. Wu, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 268 (2026) 41, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.046.X. Li, J. Liu, Z. Jia, D. Lan, D. Ai, Z. Gao, F. Bai, G. Wu, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 268 (2026) 41, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.046.

    26. [26]

      Y. Zhang, Y. Huang, T. Zhang, H. Chang, P. Xiao, H. Chen, Z. Huang, Y. Chen, Adv. Mater. 27 (2015) 2049, https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201405788.Y. Zhang, Y. Huang, T. Zhang, H. Chang, P. Xiao, H. Chen, Z. Huang, Y. Chen, Adv. Mater. 27 (2015) 2049, https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201405788.

    27. [27]

      Z. Huang, H. Chen, Y. Huang, Z. Ge, Y. Zhou, Y. Yang, P. Xiao, J. Liang, T. Zhang, Q. Shi, et al., Adv. Funct. Mater. 28 (2018) 1704363, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201704363.Z. Huang, H. Chen, Y. Huang, Z. Ge, Y. Zhou, Y. Yang, P. Xiao, J. Liang, T. Zhang, Q. Shi, et al., Adv. Funct. Mater. 28 (2018) 1704363, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201704363.

    28. [28]

      Y. Zhang, R. Liu, C. Liu, Y. Zhang, L. Yan, J. Jiang, E. Liu, F. Xu, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 215 (2025) 258, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2024.06.054.Y. Zhang, R. Liu, C. Liu, Y. Zhang, L. Yan, J. Jiang, E. Liu, F. Xu, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 215 (2025) 258, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2024.06.054.

    29. [29]

      W. Tang, S. Liu, X. Wang, B. Wang, F. Zou, G. Li, X. Liao, Compos. Commun. 46 (2024) 101808, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2023.101808.W. Tang, S. Liu, X. Wang, B. Wang, F. Zou, G. Li, X. Liao, Compos. Commun. 46 (2024) 101808, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2023.101808.

    30. [30]

      Z. Sun, J. Shen, W. Chen, Y. Chen, X. Li, J. Zheng, S. Jiang, L. Zhou, Mater. Today Chem. 35 (2024) 101840, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2023.101840.Z. Sun, J. Shen, W. Chen, Y. Chen, X. Li, J. Zheng, S. Jiang, L. Zhou, Mater. Today Chem. 35 (2024) 101840, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2023.101840.

    31. [31]

      H. Xu, H. Zhan, Z. Xu, C. Jing, Q. Chen, M. Zhu, L. Kong, X. Fan, Y. Qing, S. Wen, et al., Adv. Funct. Mater. 35 (2025) 2421242, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202421242.H. Xu, H. Zhan, Z. Xu, C. Jing, Q. Chen, M. Zhu, L. Kong, X. Fan, Y. Qing, S. Wen, et al., Adv. Funct. Mater. 35 (2025) 2421242, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202421242.

    32. [32]

      T. Hang, C. Xu, J. Shen, J. Zheng, L. Zhou, M. Li, X. Li, S. Jiang, P. Yang, W. Zhou, et al., J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 654 (2024) 945, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.117.T. Hang, C. Xu, J. Shen, J. Zheng, L. Zhou, M. Li, X. Li, S. Jiang, P. Yang, W. Zhou, et al., J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 654 (2024) 945, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.117.

    33. [33]

      S. Gang, H. He, H. Long, Y. Wei, W. Zhang, X. Li, Y. Qian, Y. Luo, J. Yang, Nano Energy 135 (2025) 110642, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110642.S. Gang, H. He, H. Long, Y. Wei, W. Zhang, X. Li, Y. Qian, Y. Luo, J. Yang, Nano Energy 135 (2025) 110642, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110642.

    34. [34]

      M. Yang, J. Tan, E.-S. Kim, L. Tan, Q. Wu, G. Zhu, C. Fu, N.-Y. Kim, X. Ren, X. Meng, Small Methods (2025) e01581, https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202501581.M. Yang, J. Tan, E.-S. Kim, L. Tan, Q. Wu, G. Zhu, C. Fu, N.-Y. Kim, X. Ren, X. Meng, Small Methods (2025) e01581, https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202501581.

    35. [35]

      H. Jin, M. Liu, L. Wang, W. You, K. Pei, H.-W. Cheng, R. Che, Natl. Sci. Rev. 12 (2025) nwae420, https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwae420.H. Jin, M. Liu, L. Wang, W. You, K. Pei, H.-W. Cheng, R. Che, Natl. Sci. Rev. 12 (2025) nwae420, https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwae420.

    36. [36]

      S. Zhang, X. Liu, C. Jia, Z. Sun, H. Jiang, Z. Jia, G. Wu, Nano-Micro Lett. 15 (2023) 204, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01179-2.S. Zhang, X. Liu, C. Jia, Z. Sun, H. Jiang, Z. Jia, G. Wu, Nano-Micro Lett. 15 (2023) 204, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01179-2.

    37. [37]

      Y. Fei, J. Yao, W. Cheng, W. Jiao, Materials 18 (2025) 113, https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18010113.Y. Fei, J. Yao, W. Cheng, W. Jiao, Materials 18 (2025) 113, https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18010113.

    38. [38]

      S.-Q. Lv, H.-L. Peng, Y. Zhang, X.-B. Sun, G.-S. Wang, CrystEngComm 26 (2024) 957, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3CE01254A.S.-Q. Lv, H.-L. Peng, Y. Zhang, X.-B. Sun, G.-S. Wang, CrystEngComm 26 (2024) 957, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3CE01254A.

    39. [39]

      S. Guo, Y. Cai, L. Cheng, Carbon 247 (2026) 121091, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2025.121091.S. Guo, Y. Cai, L. Cheng, Carbon 247 (2026) 121091, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2025.121091.

    40. [40]

      D. Lan, H. Zhou, H. Wu, J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 633 (2023) 92, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2022.11.102.D. Lan, H. Zhou, H. Wu, J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 633 (2023) 92, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2022.11.102.

    41. [41]

      R. Liu, Y. Wang, P. Wang, H. Kimura, B. Wang, C. Hou, X. Sun, W. Du, X. Xie, Small 20 (2024) 2402438, https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202402438.R. Liu, Y. Wang, P. Wang, H. Kimura, B. Wang, C. Hou, X. Sun, W. Du, X. Xie, Small 20 (2024) 2402438, https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202402438.

    42. [42]

      X. Xie, R. Liu, C. Chen, D. Lan, Z. Chen, W. Du, G. Wu, Int. J. Min. Met. Mater. 32 (2025) 566, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-024-3024-3.X. Xie, R. Liu, C. Chen, D. Lan, Z. Chen, W. Du, G. Wu, Int. J. Min. Met. Mater. 32 (2025) 566, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-024-3024-3.

    43. [43]

      W. Wang, G. Li, G. Yang, D. W. Schubert, J. Electron. Mater. 54 (2025) 2111, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-025-11733-w.W. Wang, G. Li, G. Yang, D. W. Schubert, J. Electron. Mater. 54 (2025) 2111, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-025-11733-w.

    44. [44]

      X. Zeng, L. Wu, X. Yang, Z. Wu, X. Xu, K. Pei, W. You, H.-W. Cheng, R. Che, Adv. Funct. Mater. 35 (2025) 2502671, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202502671.X. Zeng, L. Wu, X. Yang, Z. Wu, X. Xu, K. Pei, W. You, H.-W. Cheng, R. Che, Adv. Funct. Mater. 35 (2025) 2502671, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202502671.

    45. [45]

      Y. Yang, J. Li, S. Huang, Q. Zhang, X. Lyu, L. Pan, J. Qi, X. Wang, G. Zhao, Chem. Eng. J. 522 (2025) 166867, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.166867.Y. Yang, J. Li, S. Huang, Q. Zhang, X. Lyu, L. Pan, J. Qi, X. Wang, G. Zhao, Chem. Eng. J. 522 (2025) 166867, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.166867.

    46. [46]

      J. Jiang, L. Yan, Y. Xue, J. Li, C. Zhang, X. Hu, A. Guo, H. Du, J. Liu, Chem. Eng. J. 482 (2024) 148878, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.148878.J. Jiang, L. Yan, Y. Xue, J. Li, C. Zhang, X. Hu, A. Guo, H. Du, J. Liu, Chem. Eng. J. 482 (2024) 148878, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.148878.

    47. [47]

      J. Jiang, L. Yan, M. Song, Y. Li, A. Guo, H. Du, J. Liu, Ceram. Int. 51 (2025) 17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.286.J. Jiang, L. Yan, M. Song, Y. Li, A. Guo, H. Du, J. Liu, Ceram. Int. 51 (2025) 17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.286.

    48. [48]

      Q. Zhou, Y. Zhang, Y. Li, W. Ren, W. Duan, X. Fan, L. Du, Carbon 246 (2026) 120911, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120911.Q. Zhou, Y. Zhang, Y. Li, W. Ren, W. Duan, X. Fan, L. Du, Carbon 246 (2026) 120911, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120911.

    49. [49]

      J. Zhang, Q. Li, Y. Jia, L. Sun, Y. Wang, S. Cui, J. Yang, Ceram. Int. 51 (2025) 7437, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.12.180.J. Zhang, Q. Li, Y. Jia, L. Sun, Y. Wang, S. Cui, J. Yang, Ceram. Int. 51 (2025) 7437, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.12.180.

    50. [50]

      X. Hu, Y. Zhang, H. Guo, M. He, H. Qiu, X. Shi, L. Wang, J. Gu, Adv. Funct. Mater. (2025) e17665, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202517665.X. Hu, Y. Zhang, H. Guo, M. He, H. Qiu, X. Shi, L. Wang, J. Gu, Adv. Funct. Mater. (2025) e17665, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202517665.

    51. [51]

      T. Xue, Y. Yang, D. Yu, Q. Wali, Z. Wang, X. Cao, W. Fan, T. Liu, Nano-Micro Lett. 15 (2023) 45, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01017-5.T. Xue, Y. Yang, D. Yu, Q. Wali, Z. Wang, X. Cao, W. Fan, T. Liu, Nano-Micro Lett. 15 (2023) 45, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01017-5.

    52. [52]

      L. Song, Y. Chen, Q. Gao, Z. Li, X. Zhang, H. Wang, L. Guan, Z. Yu, R. Zhang, B. Fan, Compos. Part A-Appl. S. 158 (2022) 106980, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2022.106980.L. Song, Y. Chen, Q. Gao, Z. Li, X. Zhang, H. Wang, L. Guan, Z. Yu, R. Zhang, B. Fan, Compos. Part A-Appl. S. 158 (2022) 106980, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2022.106980.

    53. [53]

      X. You, H. Ouyang, R. Deng, Q. Zhang, Z. Xing, X. Chen, Q. Shan, J. Yang, S. Dong, Nano-Micro Lett. 17 (2024) 47, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01541-y.X. You, H. Ouyang, R. Deng, Q. Zhang, Z. Xing, X. Chen, Q. Shan, J. Yang, S. Dong, Nano-Micro Lett. 17 (2024) 47, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01541-y.

    54. [54]

      J. Yue, M. Qin, H. Yu, Q. He, W. Feng, Adv. Funct. Mater. 35 (2025) 2508319, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202508319.J. Yue, M. Qin, H. Yu, Q. He, W. Feng, Adv. Funct. Mater. 35 (2025) 2508319, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202508319.

    55. [55]

      J. Xu, X. Xu, Z. Ma, X. Zhang, F. Yan, P. Yang, C. Zhu, Y. Chen, Carbon 228 (2024) 119409, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119409.J. Xu, X. Xu, Z. Ma, X. Zhang, F. Yan, P. Yang, C. Zhu, Y. Chen, Carbon 228 (2024) 119409, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119409.

    56. [56]

      J. Zhou, Y. Sui, N. Wu, M. Han, J. Liu, W. Liu, Z. Zeng, J. Liu, Small 20 (2024) 2405968, https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202405968.J. Zhou, Y. Sui, N. Wu, M. Han, J. Liu, W. Liu, Z. Zeng, J. Liu, Small 20 (2024) 2405968, https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202405968.

    57. [57]

      Y. Wu, C. Chen, F. Pan, X. Li, W. Lu, Carbon 231 (2025) 119741, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119741.Y. Wu, C. Chen, F. Pan, X. Li, W. Lu, Carbon 231 (2025) 119741, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119741.

    58. [58]

      C. Guo, S. Shao, X. Zhang, Y. Tang, L. Wang, J. Liu, L. Wu, K. Bi, F. Wang, Nano Res. 17 (2024) 7803, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6840-x.C. Guo, S. Shao, X. Zhang, Y. Tang, L. Wang, J. Liu, L. Wu, K. Bi, F. Wang, Nano Res. 17 (2024) 7803, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6840-x.

    59. [59]

      Q. Qi, T. Li, H. Yang, A. Lv, Y. Liu, F. Meng, J. Adv. Ceram. 14 (2025) 9221205, https://doi.org/10.26599/JAC.2025.9221205.Q. Qi, T. Li, H. Yang, A. Lv, Y. Liu, F. Meng, J. Adv. Ceram. 14 (2025) 9221205, https://doi.org/10.26599/JAC.2025.9221205.

    60. [60]

      J. Tang, F. Guo, M. Ni, X. Guan, C. Liu, G. Ji, J. Alloy. Compd. 1046 (2025) 184891, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.184891.J. Tang, F. Guo, M. Ni, X. Guan, C. Liu, G. Ji, J. Alloy. Compd. 1046 (2025) 184891, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.184891.

    61. [61]

      S. Wang, X. Zhang, S. Hao, J. Qiao, Z. Wang, L. Wu, J. Liu, F. Wang, Nano-Micro Lett. 16 (2023) 16, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01244-w.S. Wang, X. Zhang, S. Hao, J. Qiao, Z. Wang, L. Wu, J. Liu, F. Wang, Nano-Micro Lett. 16 (2023) 16, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01244-w.

    62. [62]

      X. Zhou, S. Li, H. Xi, P. Zhong, J. Sun, Z. Wang, J. Liu, H. Wu, J. Alloy. Compd. 1016 (2025) 179021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179021.X. Zhou, S. Li, H. Xi, P. Zhong, J. Sun, Z. Wang, J. Liu, H. Wu, J. Alloy. Compd. 1016 (2025) 179021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179021.

    63. [63]

      X. Du, F. Yan, M. Cheng, H. Li, C. Peng, Y. Liu, D. Liu, D. Lan, G.Wu, Z. Jia, Int. J. Min. Met. Mater. (2025), https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-025-3317-1.X. Du, F. Yan, M. Cheng, H. Li, C. Peng, Y. Liu, D. Liu, D. Lan, G.Wu, Z. Jia, Int. J. Min. Met. Mater. (2025), https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-025-3317-1.

    64. [64]

      X. Meng, J. Wang, Q. Chen, Z. Xuan, Z. Wu, Y. Zhang, X. Chen, J. Wang, J. Wang, Chem. Eng. J. 511 (2025) 162262, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.162262.X. Meng, J. Wang, Q. Chen, Z. Xuan, Z. Wu, Y. Zhang, X. Chen, J. Wang, J. Wang, Chem. Eng. J. 511 (2025) 162262, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.162262.

    65. [65]

      C. Wang, X. Chen, Y. Zhang, J. Chen, Y. Zhu, Mater. Today Nano 29 (2025) 100583, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100583.C. Wang, X. Chen, Y. Zhang, J. Chen, Y. Zhu, Mater. Today Nano 29 (2025) 100583, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100583.

    66. [66]

      M. Feng, S. Feng, T. Yu, S. Zhu, H. Cai, X. He, Y. Liu, M. He, X. Bu, J. Huang, et al., Adv. Fiber Mater. 6 (2024) 911, https://doi.org/10.1007/s42765-024-00393-w.M. Feng, S. Feng, T. Yu, S. Zhu, H. Cai, X. He, Y. Liu, M. He, X. Bu, J. Huang, et al., Adv. Fiber Mater. 6 (2024) 911, https://doi.org/10.1007/s42765-024-00393-w.

    67. [67]

      Y. Feng, M. Zhu, W. He, Y. Bai, N. Ding, Z. You, X. Zou, W. Zhao, S. Liu, Q. Zhao, Chem. Eng. J. 499 (2024) 155959, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.155959.Y. Feng, M. Zhu, W. He, Y. Bai, N. Ding, Z. You, X. Zou, W. Zhao, S. Liu, Q. Zhao, Chem. Eng. J. 499 (2024) 155959, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.155959.

    68. [68]

      Z. Ma, R. Jiang, J. Jing, S. Kang, L. Ma, K. Zhang, J. Li, Y. Zhang, J. Qin, S. Yun, et al., Nano-Micro Lett. 16 (2024) 223, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01450-0.Z. Ma, R. Jiang, J. Jing, S. Kang, L. Ma, K. Zhang, J. Li, Y. Zhang, J. Qin, S. Yun, et al., Nano-Micro Lett. 16 (2024) 223, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01450-0.

    69. [69]

      K. Chen, T. Hang, W. Chen, X. An, Y. Zou, Y. Chen, J. Zheng, Z. Li, G. Tong, Chem. Eng. J. 507 (2025) 160646, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.160646.K. Chen, T. Hang, W. Chen, X. An, Y. Zou, Y. Chen, J. Zheng, Z. Li, G. Tong, Chem. Eng. J. 507 (2025) 160646, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.160646.

    70. [70]

      X. Zhao, X. Tang, Y. Qiao, S. Li, Z. Zhang, Y. Lu, M. Zhu, Z. Hu, L. Long, Z. Wang, et al., Nano Res. 17 (2024) 6700, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6650-1.X. Zhao, X. Tang, Y. Qiao, S. Li, Z. Zhang, Y. Lu, M. Zhu, Z. Hu, L. Long, Z. Wang, et al., Nano Res. 17 (2024) 6700, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6650-1.

    71. [71]

      Y. Bai, J. Ju, Y. Pan, B. Zhang, Y. Yan, G. Fei, Small (2025) e10825, https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202510825.Y. Bai, J. Ju, Y. Pan, B. Zhang, Y. Yan, G. Fei, Small (2025) e10825, https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202510825.

    72. [72]

      H. Ma, M. Fashandi, Z.B. Rejeb, X. Ming, Y. Liu, P. Gong, G. Li, C.B. Park, Nano-Micro Lett. 16 (2023) 20, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01218-y.H. Ma, M. Fashandi, Z.B. Rejeb, X. Ming, Y. Liu, P. Gong, G. Li, C.B. Park, Nano-Micro Lett. 16 (2023) 20, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01218-y.

    73. [73]

      J. Yao, J. Zhou, G. Peng, D. An, Z. Yao, Compos. Part A-Appl. S. 177 (2024) 107954, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2023.107954.J. Yao, J. Zhou, G. Peng, D. An, Z. Yao, Compos. Part A-Appl. S. 177 (2024) 107954, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2023.107954.

    74. [74]

      T. Zhang, J. Qiu, S. Wang, Y. Juan, J. Li, W. Wang, Adv. Funct. Mater. 36 (2026) e21010, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202521010.T. Zhang, J. Qiu, S. Wang, Y. Juan, J. Li, W. Wang, Adv. Funct. Mater. 36 (2026) e21010, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202521010.

    75. [75]

      P. P. Singh, A. De, B. B. Khatua, Appl. Surf. Sci. 643 (2024) 158643, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2023.158643.P. P. Singh, A. De, B. B. Khatua, Appl. Surf. Sci. 643 (2024) 158643, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2023.158643.

    76. [76]

      C. Yuan, X. Li, M. Huang, F. Li, Z. Zhang, C. Wang, W. Hu, Chem. Eng. J. 489 (2024) 151359, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.151359.C. Yuan, X. Li, M. Huang, F. Li, Z. Zhang, C. Wang, W. Hu, Chem. Eng. J. 489 (2024) 151359, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.151359.

    77. [77]

      L. Kong, G. Zhang, H. Cui, J. Qi, T. Wang, H. Xu, Carbon 223 (2024) 119023, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119023.L. Kong, G. Zhang, H. Cui, J. Qi, T. Wang, H. Xu, Carbon 223 (2024) 119023, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119023.

    78. [78]

      B. Wu, P. Wu, Y. Yu, Y. Wu, X. Song, D. Zhou, Y. Li, J. Mater. Chem. A 12 (2024) 29211, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TA04627G.B. Wu, P. Wu, Y. Yu, Y. Wu, X. Song, D. Zhou, Y. Li, J. Mater. Chem. A 12 (2024) 29211, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TA04627G.

    79. [79]

      J. Tang, Y. Gao, T. Li, R. Qin, Q. Qi, F. Meng, Adv. Funct. Mater. 35 (2025) 2504959, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202504959.J. Tang, Y. Gao, T. Li, R. Qin, Q. Qi, F. Meng, Adv. Funct. Mater. 35 (2025) 2504959, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202504959.

    80. [80]

      Z. Ma, J. He, S. Liu, W. Zhang, M. Gan, Q. Wu, M. Xing, Adv. Funct. Mater. 35 (2025) 2414942, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202414942.Z. Ma, J. He, S. Liu, W. Zhang, M. Gan, Q. Wu, M. Xing, Adv. Funct. Mater. 35 (2025) 2414942, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202414942.

    81. [81]

      T. Li, Y. Zou, T. Yang, T. Liao, H. Ma, T. Chen, R. Qin, Q. Qi, Y. Liu, F. Meng, Small 21 (2025) 2504567, https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202504567.T. Li, Y. Zou, T. Yang, T. Liao, H. Ma, T. Chen, R. Qin, Q. Qi, Y. Liu, F. Meng, Small 21 (2025) 2504567, https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202504567.

    82. [82]

      X. Zhang, X. Zhang, G. Jin, B. Liu, J. Yun, D. Cao, Mater. Chem. Front. 9 (2025) 3208, https://doi.org/10.1039/D5QM00507H.X. Zhang, X. Zhang, G. Jin, B. Liu, J. Yun, D. Cao, Mater. Chem. Front. 9 (2025) 3208, https://doi.org/10.1039/D5QM00507H.

    83. [83]

      Y. Cai, L. Xu, H. Pan, H. Zhao, C. Yao, Q. Yang, Y. Shen, L. Wang, M. Dou, Y. Teng, et al., Cellulose 31 (2024) 10045, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-024-06195-y.Y. Cai, L. Xu, H. Pan, H. Zhao, C. Yao, Q. Yang, Y. Shen, L. Wang, M. Dou, Y. Teng, et al., Cellulose 31 (2024) 10045, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-024-06195-y.

    84. [84]

      T. Hu, D. Lan, J. Wang, X. Zhong, G. Bu, P. Yin, Carbon 232 (2025) 119798, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119798.T. Hu, D. Lan, J. Wang, X. Zhong, G. Bu, P. Yin, Carbon 232 (2025) 119798, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119798.

    85. [85]

      T. Hu, D. Lan, J. Wang, X. Zhong, G. Bu, P. Yin, Carbon 232 (2025) 119798, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119798.T. Hu, D. Lan, J. Wang, X. Zhong, G. Bu, P. Yin, Carbon 232 (2025) 119798, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119798.

    86. [86]

      Q. Yang, J. Sun, Y. Gao, Y. Lu, Z. Shen, L. Ma, T. Yang, F. Meng, Adv. Compos. Hybrid Ma. 8 (2025) 250, https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-025-01323-z.Q. Yang, J. Sun, Y. Gao, Y. Lu, Z. Shen, L. Ma, T. Yang, F. Meng, Adv. Compos. Hybrid Ma. 8 (2025) 250, https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-025-01323-z.

    87. [87]

      Q. Yang, J. Sun, Y. Gao, Y. Lu, Z. Shen, L. Ma, T. Yang, F. Meng, Adv. ComposQ. Yang, J. Sun, Y. Gao, Y. Lu, Z. Shen, L. Ma, T. Yang, F. Meng, Adv. Compos

    88. [88]

      N. K. Nguyen, D. Kim, V. Q. Phan, M. Kim, P. Park, J. Nah, Carbon 238 (2025) 120276, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120276.N. K. Nguyen, D. Kim, V. Q. Phan, M. Kim, P. Park, J. Nah, Carbon 238 (2025) 120276, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120276.

    89. [89]

      R. Qin, T. Li, Y. Tian, Y. Zou, C. Liu, J. Sun, Q. Qi, F. Meng, Nano Res. 18 (2025) 94907740, https://doi.org/10.26599/NR.2025.94907740.R. Qin, T. Li, Y. Tian, Y. Zou, C. Liu, J. Sun, Q. Qi, F. Meng, Nano Res. 18 (2025) 94907740, https://doi.org/10.26599/NR.2025.94907740.

    90. [90]

      J. Li, T. Li, J. Du, J. Li, T. Liao, F. Meng, Compos. Part B-Eng. 298 (2025) 112378, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112378.J. Li, T. Li, J. Du, J. Li, T. Liao, F. Meng, Compos. Part B-Eng. 298 (2025) 112378, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112378.

    91. [91]

      J. Du, T. Li, J. Li, J. Tang, R. Zhang, Y. Liu, J. Feng, F. Meng, Adv. Fiber Mater. 7 (2025) 811, https://doi.org/10.1007/s42765-025-00523-y.J. Du, T. Li, J. Li, J. Tang, R. Zhang, Y. Liu, J. Feng, F. Meng, Adv. Fiber Mater. 7 (2025) 811, https://doi.org/10.1007/s42765-025-00523-y.

    92. [92]

      P. Yin, D. Lan, Z. Yuan, R. Wang, Y. Zhang, X. Sun, J. Alloy. Compd. 1037 (2025) 182260, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.182260.P. Yin, D. Lan, Z. Yuan, R. Wang, Y. Zhang, X. Sun, J. Alloy. Compd. 1037 (2025) 182260, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.182260.

    93. [93]

      C. Hegde, S. A. Rao, A. M. Joseph, S. S, Mater. Chem. Phys. 350 (2026) 131866, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131866.C. Hegde, S. A. Rao, A. M. Joseph, S. S, Mater. Chem. Phys. 350 (2026) 131866, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131866.

    94. [94]

      X. Zhang, G. Jin, Y. Liu, Y. Liu, M. Zhang, C. Li, X. Zhang, D. Cao, Adv. Compos. Hybrid Ma. 8 (2025) 206, https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-025-01272-7.X. Zhang, G. Jin, Y. Liu, Y. Liu, M. Zhang, C. Li, X. Zhang, D. Cao, Adv. Compos. Hybrid Ma. 8 (2025) 206, https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-025-01272-7.

    95. [95]

      Y. He, Q. Su, D. Liu, L. Xia, X. Huang, D. Lan, Y. Liu, Y. Huang, B. Zhong, Chem. Eng. J. 491 (2024) 152041, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.152041.Y. He, Q. Su, D. Liu, L. Xia, X. Huang, D. Lan, Y. Liu, Y. Huang, B. Zhong, Chem. Eng. J. 491 (2024) 152041, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.152041.

    96. [96]

      Y. Wang, W. Zhao, M. Li, Q. Zhuo, Y. Li, Y. Li, H. Dong, S. Zhang, L. Tan, J. Mater. Chem. C 13 (2025) 8823, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC05385K.Y. Wang, W. Zhao, M. Li, Q. Zhuo, Y. Li, Y. Li, H. Dong, S. Zhang, L. Tan, J. Mater. Chem. C 13 (2025) 8823, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC05385K.

    97. [97]

      X. Cheng, C. Wang, D. Lan, Z. Tang, S. Chen, W. Zhang, X. Zhou, L. Zhang, G. Wu, Nano Res. 19 (2026) 94908433, https://doi.org/10.26599/NR.2026.94908433.X. Cheng, C. Wang, D. Lan, Z. Tang, S. Chen, W. Zhang, X. Zhou, L. Zhang, G. Wu, Nano Res. 19 (2026) 94908433, https://doi.org/10.26599/NR.2026.94908433.

  • 加载中
WeChat 扫一扫看文章
计量
  • PDF下载量:  0
  • 文章访问数:  18
  • HTML全文浏览量:  3
文章相关
  • 收稿日期:  2026-01-08
  • 接受日期:  2026-03-05
  • 修回日期:  2026-03-04
通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
  • 1. 

    沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

  1. 本站搜索
  2. 百度学术搜索
  3. 万方数据库搜索
  4. CNKI搜索

/

返回文章

All Rights Reserved by the Chinese Chemical Society   中国化学会 版权所有 京ICP备05002797号

本系统由北京仁和汇智信息技术有限公司开发    技术支持: info@rhhz.net