Citation: Shangyao Gao, Xiangxue Zhu, Xiujie Li, Yuzhong Wang, Ye Zhang, Sujuan Xie, Jie An, Fucun Chen, Shenglin Liu, Longya Xu. Thermodynamic study of direct amination of isobutylene to tert-butylamine[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, ;2017, 38(1): 106-114. doi: 10.1016/S1872-2067(16)62550-0 shu

Thermodynamic study of direct amination of isobutylene to tert-butylamine

Shangyao Gao ^a,b, ,
Xiangxue Zhu ^a ,
Xiujie Li ^a ,
Yuzhong Wang ^a ,
Ye Zhang ^c ,
Sujuan Xie ^a ,
Jie An ^a ,
Fucun Chen ^a ,
Shenglin Liu ^a ,
Longya Xu ^a

a Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China;
b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
c PetroChina Fushun Petrochemical Company, Fushun 113004, Liaoning, China

Received Date: 26 September 2016
Revised Date: 23 October 2016

Fund Project: This work was supported by K. C. Wong Education Foundation, Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS (20120155) and Dalian Eminent Young Scientist Program (2015R009).

On basis of thermodynamic empirical equations, the thermodynamic parameters for the direct amination of isobutylene to tert-butylamine, an atomically economic and green chemical reaction, were calculated. In particular, the equilibrium conversion of isobutylene under various reaction conditions close to those used in industry was calculated and discussed. Isobutylene amination is a temperature sensitive reaction due to its exothermic nature and isobutylene equilibrium conver-sion decreases with temperature. However, kinetically, the amination reaction will be faster at a higher temperature. Thus, there must be an optimum temperature for the reaction. A high pressure and n(NH₃)/n(i-C₄H₈) molar ratio promote the transformation of isobutylene to tert-butylamine. Developing a highly efficient catalyst under mild reaction conditions is preferred for the amination process. The reaction was investigated over a series of acidic zeolites. ZSM-11 zeolite exhibited the best performance with 14.2% isobutylene conversion (52.2% of the equilibrium conversion) and > 99.0% tert-butylamine selectivity. The effect of reaction conditions on the performance of the ZSM-11 catalyst agreed with the thermodynamic results, which provides guidance for further cata-lyst development and reaction condition optimization.
- Thermodynamic calculation,
- Isobutylene,
- Amination,
- Tert-butylamine,
- ZSM-11 zeolite
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