Citation: Chuan Yuan, Huayan Liu, Zekai Zhang, Hanfeng Lu, Qiulian Zhu, Yinfei Chen. Alkali-metal-modified ZSM-5 zeolites for improvement of catalytic dehydration of lactic acid to acrylic acid[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, ;2015, 36(11): 1861-1866. doi: 10.1016/S1872-2067(15)60970-6 shu

Alkali-metal-modified ZSM-5 zeolites for improvement of catalytic dehydration of lactic acid to acrylic acid

Chuan Yuan ^a ,
Huayan Liu ^a ,
Zekai Zhang ^a ,
Hanfeng Lu ^a ,
Qiulian Zhu ^a ,
Yinfei Chen ^a,b,,

1.
a College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China;

Corresponding author: Yinfei Chen,
Received Date: 3 June 2015
Available Online: 6 September 2015

Various ZSM-5 zeolites modified with alkali metals (Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs) were prepared using ion exchange. The catalysts were used to enhance the catalytic dehydration of lactic acid (LA) to acrylic acid (AA). The effects of cationic species on the structures and surface acid-base distributions of the ZSM-5 zeolites were investigated. The important factors that affect the catalytic performance were also identified. The modified ZSM-5 catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction, temperature-programmed desorptions of NH₃ and CO₂, pyridine adsorption spectroscopy, and N₂ adsorption to determine the crystal phase structures, surface acidities and basicities, nature of acid sites, specific surface areas, and pore volumes. The results show that the acid-base sites that are adjusted by alkali-metal species, particularly weak acid-base sites, are mainly responsible for the formation of AA. The KZSM-5 catalyst, in particular, significantly improved LA conversion and AA selectivity because of the synergistic effect of weak acid-base sites. The reaction was conducted at different reaction temperatures and liquid hourly space velocities (LHSVs) to understand the catalyst selectivity for AA and trends in byproduct formation. Approximately 98% LA conversion and 77% AA selectivity were achieved using the KZSM-5 catalyst under the optimum conditions (40 wt% LA aqueous solution, 365 ℃, and LHSV 2 h^-1).
- ZSM-5 zeolite,
- Alkali metal,
- Lactic acid,
- Acrylic acid,
- Dehydration
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