Citation: Zhang Jianbo, Huang Fusen, Huang Jun, Zhao Bo, Wang Cheng, Mao Zongqiang. A Review on Subzero Startup of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell[J]. Chemistry, ;2017, 80(6): 507-516. shu

A Review on Subzero Startup of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

1.
State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
2.
Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
3.
Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute, Beijing 102209

Corresponding author: Wang Cheng, wangcheng@tsinghua.edu.cn
Received Date: 14 September 2016
Accepted Date: 25 November 2016

Figures(16)

During subzero startup process, water generated in oxygen reduction reaction at cathode side of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is susceptible to freeze, hindering transport of reactants, covering active sites, reducing electrochemical surface area, leading to significant loss of cell performance and even ending up with a failure to startup. Meanwhile, freeze/thaw cycling will destroy the structure of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and impair the life time of PEMFC. Thereby, studies on the subzero startup processes of PEMFCs are crucial to the commercial promotion of fuel cell vehicles. In this article, the experimental studies, mechanistic insights, modeling analysis and coping strategies of the subzero startup operation are reviewed with great details. Furthermore, patents reporting mitigation strategies are also included.
- Hydrogen energy,
- Proton exchange membrane fuel cell,
- Subzero startup
1. [1]
2. [2]
  N Garland. DOE Program/Targets and Workshop Objectives, www.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/fcfreezeworkshop.html.
3. [3]
  Y Tabe, M Saito, K Fukui et al. J. Power Sources, 2012, 208:366~373.
4. [4]
  J Mishler, Y Wang, R Lujan et al. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2013, 160(6):F514~F521.
5. [5]
6. [6]
  R Ichikawa, Y Tabe, T Chikahisa. ECS Transac., 2011, 41(1):733~740.
7. [7]
  M Saito, Y Tabe, T Chikahisa. ECS Transac., 2009, 25(1):773~779.
8. [8]
  S Ge, C Y Wang. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2007, 154(12):B1399~B1406.
9. [9]
  C Chacko, R Ramasamy, S Kim et al. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2008, 155(11):B1145~B1154.
10. [10]
  E Cho, J J Ko, H Y Ha et al. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2003,150(12):A1667~A1670.
11. [11]
  E Cho, J J Ko, H Y Ha et al. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2004,151(5:) A661~A665.
12. [12]
  S Ge, C Y Wang. Electrochim. Acta, 2007, 52(14):4825~4835.
13. [13]
  P Oberholzer, P Boillat, R Siegrist et al. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2011, 159(2):B235~B245.
14. [14]
  C Chacko, R Ramasamy, S Kim et al. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2008, 155(11):B1145~B1154.
15. [15]
  K Jiao, I E Alaefour, G Karimi et al. Electrochim. Acta, 2011, 56(8):2967~2982.
16. [16]
  R Lin, Y Weng, Y Li et al. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 2014, 39(28):16025~16035.
17. [17]
  R Lin, Y Weng, Y Li et al. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 2014, 39(32):18369~18378.
18. [18]
  Q Yan, H Toghiani, Y W Lee et al. J. Power Sources, 2006, 160(2):1242~1250.
19. [19]
  C Lee, W Mérida. J. Power Sources, 2007, 164(1):141~153.
20. [20]
  Y Lee, B Kim, Y Kim et al. Appl. Energy, 2011, 88(12):5111~5119.
21. [21]
  X G Yang, Y Tabuchi, F Kagami et al. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2008, 155(7):B752~B761.
22. [22]
  E Endoh, N Onoda, Y Kaneko et al. ECS Electrochem. Lett., 2013, 2(10):F73~F75.
23. [23]
  M Luo, C Huang, W Liu et al. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 2010, 35(7):2986~2993.
24. [24]
  K Weisbrod, J Hedstrom, J Tafoya et al. Cold-start dynamics of a PEM fuel cell stack. Proceedings of Fuel Cell Seminar, 2000.
25. [25]
  M Sundaresan, R M Moore. J. Power Sources, 2005, 145(2):534~545.
26. [26]
  M Khandelwal, S Lee, M M Mench. J. Power Sources, 2007, 172(2):816~830.
27. [27]
  L Mao, C Y Wang. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2007, 154(2):B139~B146.
28. [28]
  Y Wang, P P Mukherjee, J Mishler et al. Electrochim. Acta, 2010, 55(8):2636~2644.
29. [29]
  L Mao, C Y Wang, Y Tabuchi. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2007, 154(3):B341~B351.
30. [30]
  K Jiao, X Li. Electrochim. Acta, 2009, 54(27):6876~6891.
31. [31]
  R J Balliet, J Newman. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2011, 158(8):B927~B938.
32. [32]
  R J Balliet, J Newman. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2011, 158(8):B939~B947.
33. [33]
  R J Balliet, J Newman. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2011, 158(8):B948~B956.
34. [34]
  N Konno, S Mizuno, H Nakaji et al. SAE Int. J. Alternative Powertrains, 2015, 4(1):123~129.
35. [35]
  S Hirakata, T Mochizuki, M Uchida et al. Electrochim. Acta, 2013, 108:304~312.
36. [36]
  S Hirakata, M Hara, K Kakinuma et al. Electrochim. Acta, 2014, 120:240~247.
37. [37]
  Y Hiramitsu, N Mitsuzawa, K Okada et al. J. Power Sources, 2010, 195(4):1038~1045.
38. [38]
  K Tajiri, Y Tabuchi, F Kagami et al. J. Power Sources, 2007, 165(1):279~286.
39. [39]
  K Sekizawa, N Kitamura, K Manabe et al. ECS Transac., 2010, 33(1):1947~1957.
40. [40]
  K Manabe, Y Naganuma, Y Nonobe et al. SAE Technical Paper, 2010.
41. [41]
  Oh I H, Ko J J, Ha H Y et al. US:6953631-B2.
42. [42]
43. [43]
44. [44]
45. [45]
  N J Fletcher, G A Boehm, E G Pow et al. US:5798186.
46. [46]
  J Roberts, M van der Geest, J St-Pierre et al. US:6764780B2.
47. [47]
  S Haufe, S Kial, D Metzner et al. DE:102008025966 A1.
48. [48]
49. [49]
50. [50]
  S Kameswaran, R Zaffou, T Suzuki et al. WO:WO2010132050 A1.
51. [51]
52. [52]
53. [53]
54. [54]
  T Narihiro, K Kuri. US:8900769.
1. [1]
  Xiaogang Liu , Mengyu Chen , Yanyan Li , Xiantao Ma . Experimental Reform in Applied Chemistry for Cultivating Innovative Competence: A Case Study of Catalytic Hydrogen Production from Liquid Formaldehyde Reforming at Room Temperature. University Chemistry, 2025, 40(7): 300-307. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408007
2. [2]
  Fengqiao Bi , Jun Wang , Dongmei Yang . Specialized Experimental Design for Chemistry Majors in the Context of “Dual Carbon”: Taking the Assembly and Performance Evaluation of Zinc-Air Fuel Batteries as an Example. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(4): 198-205. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202311069
3. [3]
  Xiao Liu , Guangzhong Cao , Mingli Gao , Hong Wu , Hongyan Feng , Chenxiao Jiang , Tongwen Xu . Seawater Salinity Gradient Energy’s Job Application in the Field of Membranes. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(9): 279-282. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202306043
4. [4]
  Yikai Wang , Xiaolin Jiang , Haoming Song , Nan Wei , Yifan Wang , Xinjun Xu , Cuihong Li , Hao Lu , Yahui Liu , Zhishan Bo . Thickness-Insensitive, Cyano-Modified Perylene Diimide Derivative as a Cathode Interlayer Material for High-Efficiency Organic Solar Cells. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(3): 2406007-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202406007
5. [5]
  Yan Xin , Yunnian Ge , Zezhong Li , Qiaobao Zhang , Huajun Tian . Research Progress on Modification Strategies of Organic Electrode Materials for Energy Storage Batteries. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(2): 2303060-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202303060
6. [6]
  Wenqi Gao , Xiaoyan Fan , Feixiang Wang , Zhuojun Fu , Jing Zhang , Enlai Hu , Peijun Gong . Exploring Nernst Equation Factors and Applications of Solid Zinc-Air Battery. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(5): 98-107. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202310026
7. [7]
  Yixuan Gao , Lingxing Zan , Wenlin Zhang , Qingbo Wei . Comprehensive Innovation Experiment: Preparation and Characterization of Carbon-based Perovskite Solar Cells. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(4): 178-183. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202311091
8. [8]
  Nengmin ZHU , Wenhao ZHU , Xiaoyao YIN , Songzhi ZHENG , Hao LI , Zeyuan WANG , Wenhao WEI , Xuanheng CHEN , Weihai SUN . Preparation of high-performance CsPbBr₃ perovskite solar cells by the aqueous solution solvent method. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(6): 1131-1140. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240419
9. [9]
  Pengyu Dong , Yue Jiang , Zhengchi Yang , Licheng Liu , Gu Li , Xinyang Wen , Zhen Wang , Xinbo Shi , Guofu Zhou , Jun-Ming Liu , Jinwei Gao . NbSe₂ Nanosheets Improved the Buried Interface for Perovskite Solar Cells. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(3): 2407025-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202407025
10. [10]
  Yameen Ahmed , Xiangxiang Feng , Yuanji Gao , Yang Ding , Caoyu Long , Mustafa Haider , Hengyue Li , Zhuan Li , Shicheng Huang , Makhsud I. Saidaminov , Junliang Yang . Interface Modification by Ionic Liquid for Efficient and Stable FAPbI₃ Perovskite Solar Cells. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(6): 2303057-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202303057
11. [11]
  Yawen Guo , Dawei Li , Yang Gao , Cuihong Li . Recent Progress on Stability of Organic Solar Cells Based on Non-Fullerene Acceptors. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(6): 2306050-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202306050
12. [12]
  Shuang Yang , Qun Wang , Caiqin Miao , Ziqi Geng , Xinran Li , Yang Li , Xiaohong Wu . Ideological and Political Education Design for Research-Oriented Experimental Course of Highly Efficient Hydrogen Production from Water Electrolysis in Aerospace Perspective. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(11): 269-277. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202403044
13. [13]
  Zeyuan WANG , Songzhi ZHENG , Hao LI , Jingbo WENG , Wei WANG , Yang WANG , Weihai SUN . Effect of I₂ interface modification engineering on the performance of all-inorganic CsPbBr₃ perovskite solar cells. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(7): 1290-1300. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240021
14. [14]
  Yipeng Zhou , Chenxin Ran , Zhongbin Wu . Metacognitive Enhancement in Diversifying Ideological and Political Education within Graduate Course: A Case Study on “Solar Cell Performance Enhancement Technology”. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(6): 151-159. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202312096
15. [15]
  Xiaoyao YIN , Wenhao ZHU , Puyao SHI , Zongsheng LI , Yichao WANG , Nengmin ZHU , Yang WANG , Weihai SUN . Fabrication of all-inorganic CsPbBr₃ perovskite solar cells with SnCl₂ interface modification. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(3): 469-479. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240309
16. [16]
  Mingxuan Qi , Lanyu Jin , Honghe Yao , Zipeng Xu , Teng Cheng , Qi Chen , Cheng Zhu , Yang Bai . Recent progress on electrical failure and stability of perovskite solar cells under reverse bias. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(8): 100088-0. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100088
17. [17]
  Liangliang Song , Haoyan Liang , Shunqing Li , Bao Qiu , Zhaoping Liu . Challenges and strategies on high-manganese Li-rich layered oxide cathodes for ultrahigh-energy-density batteries. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(8): 100085-0. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100085
18. [18]
  Ying Liang , Yuheng Deng , Shilv Yu , Jiahao Cheng , Jiawei Song , Jun Yao , Yichen Yang , Wanlei Zhang , Wenjing Zhou , Xin Zhang , Wenjian Shen , Guijie Liang , Bin Li , Yong Peng , Run Hu , Wangnan Li . Machine learning-guided antireflection coatings architectures and interface modification for synergistically optimizing efficient and stable perovskite solar cells. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(9): 100098-0. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100098
19. [19]
  Ruonan Li , Shijie Liang , Yunhua Xu , Cuifen Zhang , Zheng Tang , Baiqiao Liu , Weiwei Li . Chlorine-Substituted Double-Cable Conjugated Polymers with Near-Infrared Absorption for Low Energy Loss Single-Component Organic Solar Cells. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(8): 2307037-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202307037
20. [20]
  Jizhou Liu , Chenbin Ai , Chenrui Hu , Bei Cheng , Jianjun Zhang . Accelerated Interfacial Electron Transfer in Perovskite Solar Cell by Ammonium Hexachlorostannate Modification and fs-TAS Investigation. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(11): 2402006-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202402006

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(50)
Abstract views(3129)
HTML views(1095)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142