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Citation: ZHANG Xian-Ling, ZHANG Xin-Sheng, MA Zhen, XU Ping. Effect of Additives on Efficiency of Electrochemical Reactions[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, ;2007, 24(4): 486-488. shu

Effect of Additives on Efficiency of Electrochemical Reactions

1.
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237

Corresponding author: ZHANG Xin-Sheng,
Received Date: 25 June 2006
Available Online: 30 October 2006
Fund Project: 国家自然科学基金(20376020)资助项目 (20376020)厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室开放课题(200406) (200406)

Five electroreductive reactions and one electrooxidative reaction were chosen to investigate the current efficiency and the percent conversion in the presence and in absence of additives by electrolysis.The result shows that the six reactions can be divided into two groups.The first group are the reactions whose reactants are molecules in electrolyte,and the second group are the reactions whose reactants are ions in electrolyte.For the former,the current efficiencies of the reduction of m-dinitrobenzene,the oxidation of 3-methylpyridine and the reduction of o-nitrophenol in sulfuric acid changed from 65.69%,28.00% and 45.09% to 66%,28.45% and 37.07% respectively by adding additive,which indicates that the additives have little or negative effect on the reactions whose reactants are molecules in electrolyte.For the latter,the current efficiencies of the reduction of o-nitrophenol in sodium hydroxide,the synthesis of succinic acid and the reduction of salicylic acid increased to 75.80%,78.60% and 30.06% from 49.37%,65.05% and 24.55% respectively by adding additive,which means that the additive will increase the current efficiency of the reaction whose reactants are ions in electrolyte.
- additive,
- quaternary ammonium salt,
- electrochemical reaction,
- ion
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