Citation: LU Qiang, LIAO Hang-tao, ZHANG Yang, ZHANG Jun-jiao, DONG Chang-qing. Reaction mechanism of low-temperature fast pyrolysis of fructose to produce 5-hydroxymethyl furfural[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, ;2013, 41(9): 1070-1076. shu

Reaction mechanism of low-temperature fast pyrolysis of fructose to produce 5-hydroxymethyl furfural

1.
National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China

Corresponding author: LU Qiang,
Received Date: 26 February 2013
Available Online: 1 May 2013
Fund Project: 国家自然科学基金(51106052, 51276062) (51106052, 51276062)国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD30B01)。 (2012BAD30B01)

Low-temperature fast pyrolysis of fructose offered a promising way to produce 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) together with furfural (FF) as an important by-product. In this work, pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) measurements were performed to investigate the product distribution from fast pyrolysis of fructose; the effects of pyrolysis temperature on the HMF formation behaviors were considered. The results indicated that HMF is the predominant product from the fast pyrolysis of fructose; the product mixture with highest content of HMF (81.2%, determined by the gas chromatography peak areas) is obtained at 250 ℃, while the maximal yield of HMF is achieved at 350 ℃. Five possible pathways of HMF formation from fructose were considered by density functional theory (DFT). The DFT calculation results suggested that pathway 1 is most energetically favored, i.e. fructose molecule first undergoes a dehydration process by losing -OH at C2 and -H at C1 and then it is subjected to subsequent dehydrations involving -OH at C3 and -H of hydroxyl group at C1 as well as -OH at C4 and -H at C5, to form HMF.
- fructose,
- fast pyrolysis,
- 5-hydroxymethyl furfural,
- Py-GC/MS,
- density functional theory
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