Citation: Xueyu Lin, Ruiqi Wang, Wujie Dong, Fuqiang Huang. 高性能双金属氧化物负极的理性设计及储锂特性[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2025, 41(3): 231100. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202311005 shu

高性能双金属氧化物负极的理性设计及储锂特性

Xueyu Lin ¹ ,
Ruiqi Wang ² ,
Wujie Dong ³ ,
Fuqiang Huang ^1,3,4

1.
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
2.
School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China;
3.
State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China;
4.
State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

Received Date: 3 November 2023
Revised Date: 8 December 2023
Accepted Date: 11 December 2023

Fund Project: The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22005006).

高能量密度、高功率密度的“双高”锂离子电池(LIBs)的实现依赖于创新突破高容量、高倍率及长循环寿命电极材料。插入型负极，以d⁰过渡金属氧化物为代表，含有强金属-氧键，表现出高循环稳定性和高倍率性能。然而，由于金属离子变价较少，其比容量相对较低。转化-合金型负极，以p区金属氧化物为代表，具备高理论比容量，但嵌锂过程中的相团聚和体积膨胀易导致容量快速衰减和倍率性能不佳。通过引入插入型或转化型功能基元构建双金属氧化物负极，可以优化电极中的电子/离子传导，从而改善循环性能和倍率性能，有望实现负极材料高容量、高倍率及长循环的统一。本文通过对各类金属氧化物中的化学键及电子结构特征进行分析，并提出一种新的图示表达方式，将负极锂离子插脱嵌的电化学反应储能过程表达为态密度(DOS)图示。文章阐述了双金属氧化物负极的多步储锂机制，并结合近期相关研究进展，为发展高容量、高倍率及高稳定的双金属化合物负极提供理论参考和实践依据。
- Lithium-ion battery,
- Anode materials,
- Bimetallic compound,
- Li⁺ storage mechanism
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142