Citation: Qiang Zhang, Yuanbiao Huang, Rong Cao. Imidazolium-Based Materials for CO₂ Electroreduction[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2024, 40(4): 230604. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202306040 shu

Imidazolium-Based Materials for CO₂ Electroreduction

Qiang Zhang ^{1, 3} ,
Yuanbiao Huang ^{1, 2, 4,,} ,
Rong Cao ^{1, 2, 3, 4,,}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
2.
Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, China
3.
Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China
4.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Corresponding author: Yuanbiao Huang, ybhuang@fjirsm.ac.cn Rong Cao, rcao@fjirsm.ac.cn
Received Date: 26 June 2023
Revised Date: 28 July 2023
Accepted Date: 28 July 2023
Available Online: 7 August 2023
Fund Project: the National Key Research and Development Program of China 2018YFA0704502the National Natural Science Foundation of China U22A20436the National Natural Science Foundation of China 2071245the National Natural Science Foundation of China 22033008the National Natural Science Foundation of China 22220102005the Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China 2021ZZ103

With the increasing use of fossil energy sources, the concentration of CO₂ in the atmosphere is rising, leading to environmental challenges. However, the conversion of CO₂ into high value-added chemicals through catalysis presents an opportunity to address these issues and create a new pathway for fuel synthesis, ultimately helping to reduce CO₂ emissions and achieve carbon neutrality. Among various methods, the CO₂ electroreduction reaction (CO₂RR) using renewable clean energy has garnered significant attention due to its mild reaction conditions, controlled reactions progress, environmental friendliness, and numerous value-added products it can yield. In this context, imidazolium-based materials and their derivatives have emerged as promising candidates for CO₂RR. These materials have a strong affinity for CO₂ and find applications as both electrolytes and electrocatalysts in CO₂RR systems. So one of their key advantages, especially Im-ILs, is their ability to enrich CO₂ in catalytic systems, effectively preventing the undesired hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and enhancing the selectivity towards CO₂RR products. Understanding the interaction mechanism between imidazolium-based ionic liquids (Im-ILs) and CO₂ molecules under electrocatalytic conditions is crucial for gaining deeper insights into why the addition of Im-ILs can improve CO₂RR performance from a molecular perspective. Furthermore, Im-ILs can serve as both surface modifier groups and trapping agents in heterogeneous electrocatalysts, which can significantly alter the surface environment and hydrophobicity of the catalysts, leading to improved CO₂RR. Notably, the imidazolium groups present in Lehn-type and metal-porphyrin molecular catalysts have been found to have an impact on the performance of these catalysts in CO₂RR. Lastly, N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-based electrocatalysts, as one of the active forms of imidazolium interaction with CO₂, have demonstrated exceptional performance. When introduced into porous heterogeneous catalysts and molecular catalysts, NHC-based electrocatalysts stabilize metal nanoparticles and enhance the ability to capture CO₂, thus promoting CO₂RR activity. In summary, the utilization of imidazolium-based materials in CO₂RR holds great promise for advancing the field of CO₂ conversion and achieving more sustainable and efficient processes for high-value chemical synthesis.
- CO₂ electroreduction,
- Ionic liquids,
- Imidazolium,
- N-heterocyclic carbene,
- Metal nanoparticles
1. [1]
  Shi, Y. X.; Hou, M.; Li, J. J.; Li, L.; Zhang, Z. C. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2022, 38 (11), 2206020. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202206020
2. [2]
  He, C.; Si, D. -H.; Huang, Y. -B.; Cao, R. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2022, 61 (40), e202207478. doi: 10.1002/anie.202207478 doi: 10.1002/anie.202207478
3. [3]
  Gong, L. -J.; Liu, L. -Y.; Zhao, S. -S.; Yang, S. -L.; Si, D. -H.; Wu, Q. -J.; Wu, Q.; Huang, Y. -B.; Cao, R. Chem. Eng. J. 2023, 458, 141360. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2023.141360 doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2023.141360
4. [4]
  Xue, Y.; Zhao, G.; Yang, R.; Chu, F.; Chen, J.; Wang, L.; Huang, X. Nanoscale 2021, 13 (7), 3911. doi: 10.1039/D0NR09064F doi: 10.1039/D0NR09064F
5. [5]
  Li, J.; Jing, X.; Li, Q.; Li, S.; Gao, X.; Feng, X.; Wang, B. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2020, 49 (11), 3565. doi: 10.1039/D0CS00017E doi: 10.1039/D0CS00017E
6. [6]
  Huang, Y. -B.; Liang, J.; Wang, X. -S.; Cao, R. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2017, 46 (1), 126. doi: 10.1039/C6CS00250A doi: 10.1039/C6CS00250A
7. [7]
  Chalkley, M. J.; Garrido-Barros, P.; Peters, J. C. Science 2020, 369 (6505), 850. doi: 10.1126/science.abc1607 doi: 10.1126/science.abc1607
8. [8]
  Bourrez, M.; Steinmetz, R.; Ott, S.; Gloaguen, F.; Hammarström, L. Nat. Chem. 2015, 7 (2), 140. doi: 10.1038/nchem.2157 doi: 10.1038/nchem.2157
9. [9]
  Parada, G. A.; Goldsmith, Z. K.; Kolmar, S.; Pettersson Rimgard, B.; Mercado, B. Q.; Hammarström, L.; Hammes-Schiffer, S.; Mayer, J. M. Science 2019, 364 (6439), 471. doi: 10.1126/science.aaw4675 doi: 10.1126/science.aaw4675
10. [10]
  Neyrizi, S.; Kiewiet, J.; Hempenius, M. A.; Mul, G. ACS Energy Lett. 2022, 7 (10), 3439. doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.2c01372 doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.2c01372
11. [11]
  Wu, Q. -J.; Si, D. -H.; Wu, Q.; Dong, Y. -L.; Cao, R.; Huang, Y. -B. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2023, 62 (7), e202215687. doi: 10.1002/anie.202215687 doi: 10.1002/anie.202215687
12. [12]
  Wang, G.; Chen, J.; Ding, Y.; Cai, P.; Yi, L.; Li, Y.; Tu, C.; Hou, Y.; Wen, Z.; Dai, L. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2021, 50 (8), 4993. doi: 10.1039/D0CS00071J doi: 10.1039/D0CS00071J
13. [13]
  Ye, C. Y.; Yu, X. F.; Li, W. C.; He, L.; Hao, G. P.; Lu, A. H. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2022, 38, 2004054. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202004054
14. [14]
  Zhang, W.; Huang, C.; Zhu, J.; Zhou, Q.; Yu, R.; Wang, Y.; An, P.; Zhang, J.; Qiu, M.; Zhou, L.; et al. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2022, 61 (3), e202112116. doi: 10.1002/anie.202112116 doi: 10.1002/anie.202112116
15. [15]
  Li, Q. -X.; Si, D. -H.; Lin, W.; Wang, Y. -B.; Zhu, H. -J.; Huang, Y. -B.; Cao, R. Sci. China Chem. 2022, 65 (8), 1584. doi: 10.1007/s11426-022-1263-5 doi: 10.1007/s11426-022-1263-5
16. [16]
  Mota, F. M.; Kim, D. H. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2019, 48 (1), 205. doi: 10.1039/C8CS00527C doi: 10.1039/C8CS00527C
17. [17]
  Zhang, B.; Zhang, J.; Hua, M.; Wan, Q.; Su, Z.; Tan, X.; Liu, L.; Zhang, F.; Chen, G.; Tan, D.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020, 142 (31), 13606. doi: 10.1021/jacs.0c06420 doi: 10.1021/jacs.0c06420
18. [18]
  Chen, X.; Chen, J.; Alghoraibi, N. M.; Henckel, D. A.; Zhang, R.; Nwabara, U. O.; Madsen, K. E.; Kenis, P. J. A.; Zimmerman, S. C.; Gewirth, A. A. Nat. Catal. 2021, 4 (1), 20. doi: 10.1038/s41929-020-00547-0 doi: 10.1038/s41929-020-00547-0
19. [19]
  Mosali, V. S. S.; Bond, A. M.; Zhang, J. Nanoscale 2022, 14 (42), 15560. doi: 10.1039/D2NR03539A doi: 10.1039/D2NR03539A
20. [20]
  Du, X.; Qin, Y.; Gao, B.; Jang, J. H.; Xiao, C.; Li, Y.; Ding, S.; Song, Z.; Su, Y.; Nam, K. T. J. Mater. Chem. A 2022, 10 (13), 7082. doi: 10.1039/D2TA00250G doi: 10.1039/D2TA00250G
21. [21]
  Bagchi, D.; Sarkar, S.; Singh, A. K.; Vinod, C. P.; Peter, S. C. ACS Nano 2022, 16 (4), 6185. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.1c11664 doi: 10.1021/acsnano.1c11664
22. [22]
  Chen, Z. W.; Gariepy, Z.; Chen, L.; Yao, X.; Anand, A.; Liu, S. -J.; Tetsassi Feugmo, C. G.; Tamblyn, I.; Singh, C. V. ACS Catal. 2022, 12 (24), 14864. doi: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03675 doi: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03675
23. [23]
  Cao, L.; Wu, X.; Liu, Y.; Mao, F.; Shi, Y.; Li, J.; Zhu, M.; Dai, S.; Chen, A.; Liu, P. F.; et al. J. Mater. Chem. A 2022, 10 (18), 9954. doi: 10.1039/D1TA09482C doi: 10.1039/D1TA09482C
24. [24]
  Zhang, Y.; Zhou, Q.; Qiu, Z. -F.; Zhang, X. -Y.; Chen, J. -Q.; Zhao, Y.; Gong, F.; Sun, W. -Y. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2022, 32 (36), 2203677. doi: 10.1002/adfm.202203677 doi: 10.1002/adfm.202203677
25. [25]
  Cho, J. H.; Lee, C.; Hong, S. H.; Jang, H. Y.; Back, S.; Seo, M.; Lee, M.; Min, H. -K.; Choi, Y.; Jang, Y. J.; et al. Adv. Mater. 2022, 2208224. doi: 10.1002/adma.202208224 doi: 10.1002/adma.202208224
26. [26]
  Shimoni, R.; Shi, Z.; Binyamin, S.; Yang, Y.; Liberman, I.; Ifraemov, R.; Mukhopadhyay, S.; Zhang, L.; Hod, I. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2022, 61 (32), e202206085. doi: 10.1002/anie.202206085 doi: 10.1002/anie.202206085
27. [27]
  Yu, A.; Ma, G.; Zhu, L.; Zhang, R.; Li, Y.; Yang, S.; Hsu, H. -Y.; Peng, P.; Li, F. -F. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 2022, 307, 121161. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2022.121161 doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2022.121161
28. [28]
  Chi, S. -Y.; Chen, Q.; Zhao, S. -S.; Si, D. -H.; Wu, Q. -J.; Huang, Y. -B.; Cao, R. J. Mater. Chem. A 2022, 10 (9), 4653. doi: 10.1039/D1TA10991J doi: 10.1039/D1TA10991J
29. [29]
  Derrick, J. S.; Loipersberger, M.; Nistanaki, S. K.; Rothweiler, A. V.; Head-Gordon, M.; Nichols, E. M.; Chang, C. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2022, 144 (26), 11656. doi: 10.1021/jacs.2c02972 doi: 10.1021/jacs.2c02972
30. [30]
  Siritanaratkul, B.; Forster, M.; Greenwell, F.; Sharma, P. K.; Yu, E. H.; Cowan, A. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2022, 144 (17), 7551. doi: 10.1021/jacs.1c13024 doi: 10.1021/jacs.1c13024
31. [31]
  Grammatico, D.; Bagnall, A. J.; Riccardi, L.; Fontecave, M.; Su, B. -L.; Billon, L. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2022, 61 (38), e202206399. doi: 10.1002/anie.202206399 doi: 10.1002/anie.202206399
32. [32]
  Yu, P.; Lv, X.; Wang, Q.; Huang, H.; Weng, W.; Peng, C.; Zhang, L.; Zheng, G. Small 2023, 19 (4), 2205730. doi: 10.1002/smll.202205730 doi: 10.1002/smll.202205730
33. [33]
  Cui, Y.; He, B.; Liu, X.; Sun, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2020, 59 (46), 20235. doi: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04037 doi: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04037
34. [34]
  Sun, Q.; Zhao, Y.; Ren, W.; Zhao, C. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 2022, 304, 120963. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2021.120963 doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2021.120963
35. [35]
  Jiang, K.; Siahrostami, S.; Zheng, T.; Hu, Y.; Hwang, S.; Stavitski, E.; Peng, Y.; Dynes, J.; Gangisetty, M.; Su, D.; et al. Energy Environ. Sci. 2018, 11 (4), 893. doi: 10.1039/c7ee03245e doi: 10.1039/c7ee03245e
36. [36]
  Zou, Y. H. The Synthesis of Imidazolium Functionalized Metal-Organic Materials and Their Applications in Adsorption and Catalysis. Ph. D. Dissertation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 2021.
37. [37]
  Hailu, A.; Shaw, S. K. Energy Fuels 2018, 32 (12), 12695. doi: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b02750 doi: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b02750
38. [38]
  Welch, L. M.; Vijayaraghavan, M.; Greenwell, F.; Satherley, J.; Cowan, A. J. Faraday Discuss. 2021, 230 (0), 331. doi: 10.1039/D0FD00140F doi: 10.1039/D0FD00140F
39. [39]
  Zhang, S.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, Y.; Deng, Y. Chem. Rev. 2017, 117 (10), 6755. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00509 doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00509
40. [40]
  Medina-Ramos, J.; Pupillo, R. C.; Keane, T. P.; DiMeglio, J. L.; Rosenthal, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137 (15), 5021. doi: 10.1021/ja5121088 doi: 10.1021/ja5121088
41. [41]
  Kumar, B.; Asadi, M.; Pisasale, D.; Sinha-Ray, S.; Rosen, B. A.; Haasch, R.; Abiade, J.; Yarin, A. L.; Salehi-Khojin, A. Nat. Commun. 2013, 4 (1), 2819. doi: 10.1038/ncomms3819 doi: 10.1038/ncomms3819
42. [42]
  Cadena, C.; Anthony, J. L.; Shah, J. K.; Morrow, T. I.; Brennecke, J. F.; Maginn, E. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126 (16), 5300. doi: 10.1021/ja039615x doi: 10.1021/ja039615x
43. [43]
  Zhu, Q.; Ma, J.; Kang, X.; Sun, X.; Liu, H.; Hu, J.; Liu, Z.; Han, B. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 55 (31), 9012. doi: 10.1002/anie.201601974 doi: 10.1002/anie.201601974
44. [44]
  Niu, D.; Wang, H.; Li, H.; Wu, Z.; Zhang, X. Electrochim. Acta 2015, 158, 138. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.01.096 doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.01.096
45. [45]
  Zou, Y. -H.; Huang, Y. -B.; Si, D. -H.; Yin, Q.; Wu, Q. -J.; Weng, Z.; Cao, R. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2021, 60 (38), 20915. doi: 10.1002/anie.202107156 doi: 10.1002/anie.202107156
46. [46]
  Olivier-Bourbigou, H.; Magna, L.; Morvan, D. Appl. Catal. Gen. 2010, 373 (1), 1. doi: 10.1016/j.apcata.2009.10.008 doi: 10.1016/j.apcata.2009.10.008
47. [47]
  Kemna, A.; García Rey, N.; Braunschweig, B. ACS Catal. 2019, 9 (7), 6284. doi: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01033 doi: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01033
48. [48]
  Pankhurst, J. R.; Iyengar, P.; Okatenko, V.; Buonsanti, R. Inorg. Chem. 2021, 60 (10), 6939. doi: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00287 doi: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00287
49. [49]
  Zhao, G.; Jiang, T.; Han, B.; Li, Z.; Zhang, J.; Liu, Z.; He, J.; Wu, W. J. Supercrit. Fluid. 2004, 32 (1–3), 287. doi: 10.1016/j.supflu.2003.12.015 doi: 10.1016/j.supflu.2003.12.015
50. [50]
  Rosen, B. A.; Salehi-Khojin, A.; Thorson, M. R.; Zhu, W.; Whipple, D. T.; Kenis, P. J. A.; Masel, R. I. Science 2011, 334 (6056), 643. doi: 10.1126/science.1209786 doi: 10.1126/science.1209786
51. [51]
  Vasilyev, D. V.; Dyson, P. J. ACS Catal. 2021, 11 (3), 1392. doi: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04283 doi: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04283
52. [52]
  Zhang, X.; Xia, T.; Jiang, K.; Cui, Y.; Yang, Y.; Qian, G. J. Solid State Chem. 2017, 253, 277. doi: 10.1016/j.jssc.2017.06.008 doi: 10.1016/j.jssc.2017.06.008
53. [53]
  Huan, T. N.; Simon, P.; Rousse, G.; Génois, I.; Artero, V.; Fontecave, M. Chem. Sci. 2016, 8 (1), 742. doi: 10.1039/C6SC03194C doi: 10.1039/C6SC03194C
54. [54]
  Asadi, M.; Kim, K.; Liu, C.; Addepalli, A. V.; Abbasi, P.; Yasaei, P.; Phillips, P.; Behranginia, A.; Cerrato, J. M.; Haasch, R.; et al. Science 2016, 353 (6298), 467. doi: 10.1126/science.aaf4767 doi: 10.1126/science.aaf4767
55. [55]
  Zeng, M.; Liu, Y.; Hu, Y.; Zhang, X. Chem. Eng. J. 2021, 425, 131663. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.131663 doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.131663
56. [56]
  Luo, H.; Li, B.; Ma, J. -G.; Cheng, P. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2022, 61 (11), e202116736. doi: 10.1002/anie.202116736 doi: 10.1002/anie.202116736
57. [57]
  Liu, Y.; Tian, D.; Biswas, A. N.; Xie, Z.; Hwang, S.; Lee, J. H.; Meng, H.; Chen, J. G. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020, 59 (28), 11345. doi: 10.1002/anie.202003625 doi: 10.1002/anie.202003625
58. [58]
  Min, Z.; Chang, B.; Shao, C.; Su, X.; Wang, N.; Li, Z.; Wang, H.; Zhao, Y.; Fan, M.; Wang, J. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 2023, 326, 122185. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2022.122185 doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2022.122185
59. [59]
  Ma, L.; Liu, N.; Mei, B.; Yang, K.; Liu, B.; Deng, K.; Zhang, Y.; Feng, H.; Liu, D.; Duan, J.; et al. ACS Catal. 2022, 12 (14), 8601. doi: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01434 doi: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01434
60. [60]
  Jiang, M.; Zhu, M.; Wang, H.; Song, X.; Liang, J.; Lin, D.; Li, C.; Cui, J.; Li, F.; Zhang, X. L.; et al. Nano Lett. 2023, 23 (1), 291. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04335 doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04335
61. [61]
  Guo, W.; Tan, X.; Bi, J.; Xu, L.; Yang, D.; Chen, C.; Zhu, Q.; Ma, J.; Tayal, A.; Ma, J.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2021, 143 (18), 6877. doi: 10.1021/jacs.1c00151 doi: 10.1021/jacs.1c00151
62. [62]
  Tan, X.; Sun, X.; Han, B. Natl. Sci. Rev. 2022, 9 (4), nwab022. doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwab022 doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwab022
63. [63]
  Yang, D.; Zhu, Q.; Sun, X.; Chen, C.; Guo, W.; Yang, G.; Han, B. Angew. Chem. 2020, 132 (6), 2374. doi: 10.1002/ange.201914831 doi: 10.1002/ange.201914831
64. [64]
  Sharifi Golru, S.; Biddinger, E. J. Electrochim. Acta 2020, 361, 136787. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136787 doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136787
65. [65]
  Li, P.; Bi, J.; Liu, J.; Zhu, Q.; Chen, C.; Sun, X.; Zhang, J.; Han, B. Nat. Commun. 2022, 13 (1), 1965. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-29698-3 doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-29698-3
66. [66]
  Motobayashi, K.; Maeno, Y.; Ikeda, K. J. Phys. Chem. C 2022, 126 (29), 11981. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c03012 doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c03012
67. [67]
  Rosen, B. A.; Haan, J. L.; Mukherjee, P.; Braunschweig, B.; Zhu, W.; Salehi-Khojin, A.; Dlott, D. D.; Masel, R. I. J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116 (29), 15307. doi: 10.1021/jp210542v doi: 10.1021/jp210542v
68. [68]
  de Robillard, G.; Devillers, C. H.; Kunz, D.; Cattey, H.; Digard, E.; Andrieu, J. Org. Lett. 2013, 15 (17), 4410. doi: 10.1021/ol401949f doi: 10.1021/ol401949f
69. [69]
  A. Duong, H.; N. Tekavec, T.; M. Arif, A.; Louie, J. Chem. Commun. 2004, No. 1, 112. doi: 10.1039/B311350G doi: 10.1039/B311350G
70. [70]
  Michez, R.; Doneux, T.; Buess-Herman, C.; Luhmer, M. ChemPhysChem 2017, 18 (16), 2208. doi: 10.1002/cphc.201700421 doi: 10.1002/cphc.201700421
71. [71]
  Sun, L.; Ramesha, G. K.; Kamat, P. V.; Brennecke, J. F. Langmuir 2014, 30 (21), 6302. doi: 10.1021/la5009076 doi: 10.1021/la5009076
72. [72]
  Zhao, S. -F.; Horne, M.; Bond, A. M.; Zhang, J. J. Phys. Chem. C 2016, 120 (42), 23989. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b08182 doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b08182
73. [73]
  Wang, Y.; Hatakeyama, M.; Ogata, K.; Wakabayashi, M.; Jin, F.; Nakamura, S. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2015, 17 (36), 23521. doi: 10.1039/C5CP02008E doi: 10.1039/C5CP02008E
74. [74]
  Barrosse-Antle, L. E.; Compton, R. G. Chem. Commun. 2009, 25, 3744. doi: 10.1039/B906320J doi: 10.1039/B906320J
75. [75]
  Snuffin, L. L.; Whaley, L. W.; Yu, L. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2011, 158 (9), F155. doi: 10.1149/1.3606487 doi: 10.1149/1.3606487
76. [76]
  Feroci, M.; Chiarotto, I.; Orsini, M.; Sotgiu, G.; Inesi, A. Electrochim. Acta 2011, 56 (16), 5823. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.04.067 doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.04.067
77. [77]
  Matsubara, Y.; Grills, D. C.; Kuwahara, Y. ACS Catal. 2015, 5 (11), 6440. doi: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00656 doi: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00656
78. [78]
  Lau, G. P. S.; Schreier, M.; Vasilyev, D.; Scopelliti, R.; Grätzel, M.; Dyson, P. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2016, 138 (25), 7820. doi: 10.1021/jacs.6b03366 doi: 10.1021/jacs.6b03366
79. [79]
  Parada, W. A.; Vasilyev, D. V.; Mayrhofer, K. J. J.; Katsunaros, I. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2022, 14 (12), 14193. doi: 10.1021/acsami.1c24386 doi: 10.1021/acsami.1c24386
80. [80]
  Mehnert, C. P. Chem. -Eur. J. 2005, 11 (1), 50. doi: 10.1002/chem.200400683 doi: 10.1002/chem.200400683
81. [81]
  Zhang, G. -R.; Straub, S. -D.; Shen, L. -L.; Hermans, Y.; Schmatz, P.; Reichert, A. M.; Hofmann, J. P.; Katsounaros, I.; Etzold, B. J. M. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020, 59 (41), 18095. doi: 10.1002/anie.202009498 doi: 10.1002/anie.202009498
82. [82]
  Cheng, B.; Du, J.; Yuan, H.; Tao, Y.; Chen, Y.; Lei, J.; Han, Z. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2022, 14 (24), 27823. doi: 10.1021/acsami.2c03748 doi: 10.1021/acsami.2c03748
83. [83]
  Wang, J.; Cheng, T.; Fenwick, A. Q.; Baroud, T. N.; Rosas-Hernández, A.; Ko, J. H.; Gan, Q.; Goddard Ⅲ, W. A.; Grubbs, R. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2021, 143 (7), 2857. doi: 10.1021/jacs.0c12478 doi: 10.1021/jacs.0c12478
84. [84]
  Kim, C.; Bui, J. C.; Luo, X.; Cooper, J. K.; Kusoglu, A.; Weber, A. Z.; Bell, A. T. Nat. Energy 2021, 6 (11), 1026. doi: 10.1038/s41560-021-00920-8 doi: 10.1038/s41560-021-00920-8
85. [85]
  Hansen, K. U.; Jiao, F. Nat. Energy 2021, 6 (11), 1005. doi: 10.1038/s41560-021-00930-6 doi: 10.1038/s41560-021-00930-6
86. [86]
  Tamura, J.; Ono, A.; Sugano, Y.; Huang, C.; Nishizawa, H.; Mikoshiba, S. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2015, 17 (39), 26072. doi: 10.1039/C5CP03028E doi: 10.1039/C5CP03028E
87. [87]
  Pankhurst, J. R.; Guntern, Y. T.; Mensi, M.; Buonsanti, R. Chem. Sci. 2019, 10 (44), 10356. doi: 10.1039/C9SC04439F doi: 10.1039/C9SC04439F
88. [88]
  Koshy, D. M.; Akhade, S. A.; Shugar, A.; Abiose, K.; Shi, J.; Liang, S.; Oakdale, J. S.; Weitzner, S. E.; Varley, J. B.; Duoss, E. B.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2021, 143 (36), 14712. doi: 10.1021/jacs.1c06212 doi: 10.1021/jacs.1c06212
89. [89]
  Li, N.; Si, D. -H.; Wu, Q.; Wu, Q.; Huang, Y. -B.; Cao, R. CCS Chem. 2022, 5 (5), 1130. doi: 10.31635/ccschem.022.202201943 doi: 10.31635/ccschem.022.202201943
90. [90]
  Yi, J. -D.; Si, D. -H.; Xie, R.; Yin, Q.; Zhang, M. -D.; Wu, Q.; Chai, G. -L.; Huang, Y. -B.; Cao, R. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2021, 60 (31), 17108. doi: 10.1002/anie.202104564 doi: 10.1002/anie.202104564
91. [91]
  Zhang, M. -D.; Si, D. -H.; Yi, J. -D.; Zhao, S. -S.; Huang, Y. -B.; Cao, R. Small 2020, 16 (52), 2005254. doi: 10.1002/smll.202005254 doi: 10.1002/smll.202005254
92. [92]
  Wu, Q.; Mao, M. -J.; Wu, Q. -J.; Liang, J.; Huang, Y. -B.; Cao, R. Small 2021, 17 (22), 2004933. doi: 10.1002/smll.202004933 doi: 10.1002/smll.202004933
93. [93]
  Ma, C.; Hou, P.; Wang, X.; Wang, Z.; Li, W.; Kang, P. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 2019, 250, 347. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2019.03.041 doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2019.03.041
94. [94]
  Lamaison, S.; Wakerley, D.; Kracke, F.; Moore, T.; Zhou, L.; Lee, D. U.; Wang, L.; Hubert, M. A.; Aviles Acosta, J. E.; Gregoire, J. M.; et al. Adv. Mater. 2022, 34 (1), 2103963. doi: 10.1002/adma.202103963 doi: 10.1002/adma.202103963
95. [95]
  Lee, J.; Lim, J.; Roh, C. -W.; Whang, H. S.; Lee, H. J. CO₂ Util. 2019, 31, 244. doi: 10.1016/j.jcou.2019.03.022 doi: 10.1016/j.jcou.2019.03.022
96. [96]
  Han, M. H.; Kim, D.; Kim, S.; Yu, S. -H.; Won, D. H.; Min, B. K.; Chae, K. H.; Lee, W. H.; Oh, H. -S. Adv. Energy Mater. 2022, 12 (35), 2201843. doi: 10.1002/aenm.202201843 doi: 10.1002/aenm.202201843
97. [97]
  Sha, Y.; Zhang, J.; Cheng, X.; Xu, M.; Su, Z.; Wang, Y.; Hu, J.; Han, B.; Zheng, L. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2022, 61 (13), e202200039. doi: 10.1002/anie.202200039 doi: 10.1002/anie.202200039
98. [98]
  Ren, W.; Tan, X.; Chen, X.; Zhang, G.; Zhao, K.; Yang, W.; Jia, C.; Zhao, Y.; Smith, S. C.; Zhao, C. ACS Catal. 2020, 10 (22), 13171. doi: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03873 doi: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03873
99. [99]
  Delmo, E. P.; Wang, Y.; Wang, J.; Zhu, S.; Li, T.; Qin, X.; Tian, Y.; Zhao, Q.; Jang, J.; Wang, Y.; et al. Chin. J. Catal. 2022, 43 (7), 1687. doi: 10.1016/S1872-2067(21)63970-0 doi: 10.1016/S1872-2067(21)63970-0
100. [100]
  Ding, M.; Jiang, H. -L. ACS Catal. 2018, 8 (4), 3194. doi: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03404 doi: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03404
101. [101]
  Johnson, B. A.; Maji, S.; Agarwala, H.; White, T. A.; Mijangos, E.; Ott, S. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 55 (5), 1825. doi: 10.1002/anie.201508490 doi: 10.1002/anie.201508490
102. [102]
  Sun, Y.; Bigi, J. P.; Piro, N. A.; Tang, M. L.; Long, J. R.; Chang, C. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133 (24), 9212. doi: 10.1021/ja202743r doi: 10.1021/ja202743r
103. [103]
  Sung, S.; Kumar, D.; Gil-Sepulcre, M.; Nippe, M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139 (40), 13993. doi: 10.1021/jacs.7b07709 doi: 10.1021/jacs.7b07709
104. [104]
  Li, X.; Panetier, J. A. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2021, 23 (27), 14940. doi: 10.1039/D1CP01576A doi: 10.1039/D1CP01576A
105. [105]
  Liang, Y.; Nguyen, M. T.; Holliday, B. J.; Jones, R. A. Inorg. Chem. Commun. 2017, 84, 113. doi: 10.1016/j.inoche.2017.08.002 doi: 10.1016/j.inoche.2017.08.002
106. [106]
  Hawecker, J.; Lehn, J. -M.; Ziessel, R. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1984, No. 6, 328. doi: 10.1039/C39840000328 doi: 10.1039/C39840000328
107. [107]
  Sullivan, B. P.; Bolinger, C. M.; Conrad, D.; Vining, W. J.; Meyer, T. J. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1985, No. 20, 1414. doi: 10.1039/C39850001414 doi: 10.1039/C39850001414
108. [108]
  Sampson, M. D.; Kubiak, C. P. Inorg. Chem. 2015, 54 (14), 6674. doi: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01080 doi: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01080
109. [109]
  Hawecker, J.; Lehn, J. -M.; Ziessel, R. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1983, 0 (9), 536. doi: 10.1039/C39830000536 doi: 10.1039/C39830000536
110. [110]
  Khadhraoui, A.; Gotico, P.; Boitrel, B.; Leibl, W.; Halime, Z.; Aukauloo, A. Chem. Commun. 2018, 54 (82), 11630. doi: 10.1039/C8CC06475J doi: 10.1039/C8CC06475J
111. [111]
  Sung, S.; Li, X.; Wolf, L. M.; Meeder, J. R.; Bhuvanesh, N. S.; Grice, K. A.; Panetier, J. A.; Nippe, M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141 (16), 6569. doi: 10.1021/jacs.8b13657 doi: 10.1021/jacs.8b13657
112. [112]
  Li, X.; Panetier, J. A. ACS Catal. 2021, 11 (21), 12989. doi: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02899 doi: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02899
113. [113]
  Azcarate, I.; Costentin, C.; Robert, M.; Savéant, J. -M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2016, 138 (51), 16639. doi: 10.1021/jacs.6b07014 doi: 10.1021/jacs.6b07014
114. [114]
  Azcarate, I.; Costentin, C.; Robert, M.; Savéant, J. -M. J. Phys. Chem. C 2016, 120 (51), 28951. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b09947 doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b09947
115. [115]
  Yang, Z. -W.; Chen, J. -M.; Qiu, L. -Q.; Xie, W. -J.; He, L. -N. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2022, 61 (44), e202205301. doi: 10.1002/anie.202205301 doi: 10.1002/anie.202205301
116. [116]
  Warshel, A. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1978, 75 (11), 5250. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.11.5250 doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.11.5250
117. [117]
  Warshel, A. Acc. Chem. Res. 1981, 14 (9), 284. doi: 10.1021/ar00069a004 doi: 10.1021/ar00069a004
118. [118]
  Narouz, M. R.; De La Torre, P.; An, L.; Chang, C. J. Angew. Chem. 2022, 134 (37), e202207666. doi: 10.1002/ange.202207666 doi: 10.1002/ange.202207666
119. [119]
  Saravanan, C.; Muthu Mareeswaran, P. Mater. Today Proc. 2021, 34, 408. doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.02.201 doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.02.201
120. [120]
  Cao, Z.; Kim, D.; Hong, D.; Yu, Y.; Xu, J.; Lin, S.; Wen, X.; Nichols, E. M.; Jeong, K.; Reimer, J. A.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2016, 138 (26), 8120. doi: 10.1021/jacs.6b02878 doi: 10.1021/jacs.6b02878
121. [121]
  An, Y. -Y.; Yu, J. -G.; Han, Y. -F. Chin. J. Chem. 2019, 37 (1), 76. doi: 10.1002/cjoc.201800450 doi: 10.1002/cjoc.201800450
122. [122]
  Luca, O. R.; McCrory, C. C. L.; Dalleska, N. F.; Koval, C. A. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2015, 162 (7), H473. doi: 10.1149/2.0371507jes doi: 10.1149/2.0371507jes
123. [123]
  Cao, Z.; Derrick, J. S.; Xu, J.; Gao, R.; Gong, M.; Nichols, E. M.; Smith, P. T.; Liu, X.; Wen, X.; Copéret, C.; et al. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2018, 57 (18), 4981. doi: 10.1002/anie.201800367 doi: 10.1002/anie.201800367
124. [124]
  Amit, E.; Dery, L.; Dery, S.; Kim, S.; Roy, A.; Hu, Q.; Gutkin, V.; Eisenberg, H.; Stein, T.; Mandler, D.; et al. Nat. Commun. 2020, 11 (1), 5714. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19500-7 doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19500-7
125. [125]
  Mao, M. -J.; Zhang, M. -D.; Meng, D. -L.; Chen, J. -X.; He, C.; Huang, Y. -B.; Cao, R. ChemCatChem 2020, 12 (13), 3530. doi: 10.1002/cctc.202000387 doi: 10.1002/cctc.202000387
126. [126]
  Jiang, Y.; Zhang, X.; Fei, H. Dalton Trans. 2020, 49 (20), 6548. doi: 10.1039/D0DT01022G doi: 10.1039/D0DT01022G
127. [127]
  Chen, S.; Li, W. -H.; Jiang, W.; Yang, J.; Zhu, J.; Wang, L.; Ou, H.; Zhuang, Z.; Chen, M.; Sun, X.; et al. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2022, 61 (4), e202114450. doi: 10.1002/anie.202114450 doi: 10.1002/anie.202114450
128. [128]
  Zhang, L.; Wei, Z.; Thanneeru, S.; Meng, M.; Kruzyk, M.; Ung, G.; Liu, B.; He, J. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2019, 58 (44), 15834. doi: 10.1002/anie.201909069 doi: 10.1002/anie.201909069
129. [129]
  Agarwal, J.; Shaw, T. W.; Stanton, C. J.; Majetich, G. F.; Bocarsly, A. B.; Schaefer, H. F. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2014, 53 (20), 5152. doi: 10.1002/anie.201311099 doi: 10.1002/anie.201311099
130. [130]
  Franco, F.; Cometto, C.; Vallana, F. F.; Sordello, F.; Priola, E.; Minero, C.; Nervi, C.; Gobetto, R. Chem. Commun. 2014, 50 (93), 14670. doi: 10.1039/C4CC05563B doi: 10.1039/C4CC05563B
131. [131]
  Rao, G. K.; Pell, W.; Korobkov, I.; Richeson, D. Chem. Commun. 2016, 52 (51), 8010. doi: 10.1039/C6CC03827A doi: 10.1039/C6CC03827A
132. [132]
  Franco, F.; Pinto, M. F.; Royo, B.; Lloret-Fillol, J. Angew. Chem. 2018, 130 (17), 4693. doi: 10.1002/ange.201800705 doi: 10.1002/ange.201800705
133. [133]
  Stanton, C. J. I.; Vandezande, J. E.; Majetich, G. F.; Schaefer, H. F. I.; Agarwal, J. Inorg. Chem. 2016, 55 (19), 9509. doi: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01657 doi: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01657
1. [1]
  Wenjie SHI , Fan LU , Mengwei CHEN , Jin WANG , Yingfeng HAN . Synthesis and host-guest properties of imidazolium-functionalized zirconium metal-organic cage. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(1): 105-113. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240360
2. [2]
  Chi Li , Jichao Wan , Qiyu Long , Hui Lv , Ying Xiong . N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)-Catalyzed Amidation of Aldehydes with Nitroso Compounds. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(5): 388-395. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202312016
3. [3]
  Hong RAO , Yang HU , Yicong MA , Chunxin LÜ , Wei ZHONG , Lihua DU . Synthesis and in vitro anticancer activity of phenanthroline-functionalized nitrogen heterocyclic carbene homo- and heterobimetallic silver/gold complexes. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(12): 2429-2437. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240275
4. [4]
  Yameen Ahmed , Xiangxiang Feng , Yuanji Gao , Yang Ding , Caoyu Long , Mustafa Haider , Hengyue Li , Zhuan Li , Shicheng Huang , Makhsud I. Saidaminov , Junliang Yang . Interface Modification by Ionic Liquid for Efficient and Stable FAPbI₃ Perovskite Solar Cells. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(6): 2303057-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202303057
5. [5]
  Zelong LIANG , Shijia QIN , Pengfei GUO , Hang XU , Bin ZHAO . Synthesis and electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction performance of metal-organic framework catalysts loaded with silver particles. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(1): 165-173. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240409
6. [6]
  Bizhu Shao , Huijun Dong , Yunnan Gong , Jianhua Mei , Fengshi Cai , Jinbiao Liu , Dichang Zhong , Tongbu Lu . Metal-Organic Framework-Derived Nickel Nanoparticles for Efficient CO₂ Electroreduction in Wide Potential Windows. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(4): 2305026-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202305026
7. [7]
  Xianghai Song , Xiaoying Liu , Zhixiang Ren , Xiang Liu , Mei Wang , Yuanfeng Wu , Weiqiang Zhou , Zhi Zhu , Pengwei Huo . Insights into the greatly improved catalytic performance of N-doped BiOBr for CO₂ photoreduction. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(6): 100055-0. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100055
8. [8]
  Yangrui Xu , Yewei Ren , Xinlin Liu , Hongping Li , Ziyang Lu . NH₂-UIO-66 Based Hydrophobic Porous Liquid with High Mass Transfer and Affinity Surface for Enhancing CO₂ Photoreduction. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(11): 2403032-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202403032
9. [9]
  Gaopeng Liu , Lina Li , Bin Wang , Ningjie Shan , Jintao Dong , Mengxia Ji , Wenshuai Zhu , Paul K. Chu , Jiexiang Xia , Huaming Li . Construction of Bi Nanoparticles Loaded BiOCl Nanosheets Ohmic Junction for Photocatalytic CO₂ Reduction. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(7): 2306041-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202306041
10. [10]
  Xiting Zhou , Zhipeng Han , Xinlei Zhang , Shixuan Zhu , Cheng Che , Liang Xu , Zhenyu Sun , Leiduan Hao , Zhiyu Yang . Dual Modulation via Ag-Doped CuO Catalyst and Iodide-Containing Electrolyte for Enhanced Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction to Multi-Carbon Products: A Comprehensive Chemistry Experiment. University Chemistry, 2025, 40(7): 336-344. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202412070
11. [11]
  Haoyu Sun , Dun Li , Yuanyuan Min , Yingying Wang , Yanyun Ma , Yiqun Zheng , Hongwen Huang . Hierarchical Palladium-Copper-Silver Porous Nanoflowers as Efficient Electrocatalysts for CO₂ Reduction to C₂₊ Products. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(6): 2307007-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202307007
12. [12]
  Jianyu Qin , Yuejiao An , Yanfeng Zhang . In Situ Assembled ZnWO₄/g-C₃N₄ S-Scheme Heterojunction with Nitrogen Defect for CO₂ Photoreduction. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(12): 2408002-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202408002
13. [13]
  Tieping CAO , Yuejun LI , Dawei SUN . Surface plasmon resonance effect enhanced photocatalytic CO₂ reduction performance of S-scheme Bi₂S₃/TiO₂ heterojunction. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(5): 903-912. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240366
14. [14]
  Lina Guo , Ruizhe Li , Chuang Sun , Xiaoli Luo , Yiqiu Shi , Hong Yuan , Shuxin Ouyang , Tierui Zhang . Effect of Interlayer Anions in Layered Double Hydroxides on the Photothermocatalytic CO₂ Methanation of Derived Ni-Al₂O₃ Catalysts. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(1): 100002-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202309002
15. [15]
  Wenjun Zheng . Application in Inorganic Synthesis of Ionic Liquids. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(8): 163-168. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202401020
16. [16]
  Yingran Liang , Fei Wang , Jiabao Sun , Hongtao Zheng , Zhenli Zhu . Construction and Application of a New Experimental Device for Determination of Alkaline Metal Elements by Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry Based on Solution Cathode Glow Discharge: An Alternative Approach for Fundamental Teaching Experiments in Emission Spectroscopy. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(5): 380-387. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202312024
17. [17]
  Chenye An , Sikandaier Abiduweili , Xue Guo , Yukun Zhu , Hua Tang , Dongjiang Yang . Hierarchical S-scheme Heterojunction of Red Phosphorus Nanoparticles Embedded Flower-like CeO₂ Triggering Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(11): 2405019-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202405019
18. [18]
  Shuhong Xiang , Lv Yang , Yingsheng Xu , Guoxin Cao , Hongjian Zhou . Selective electrosorption of Cs(Ⅰ) from high-salinity radioactive wastewater using CNT-interspersed potassium zinc ferrocyanide electrodes. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(9): 100097-0. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100097
19. [19]
  Hailang JIA , Hongcheng LI , Pengcheng JI , Yang TENG , Mingyun GUAN . Preparation and performance of N-doped carbon nanotubes composite Co₃O₄ as oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(4): 693-700. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230402
20. [20]
  Chengqian Mao , Yanghan Chen , Haotong Bai , Junru Huang , Junpeng Zhuang . Photodimerization of Styrylpyridinium Salt and Its Application in Silk Screen Printing. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(5): 354-362. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202312014

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(2)
Abstract views(767)
HTML views(81)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Imidazolium-Based Materials for CO2 Electroreduction

Metrics

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Imidazolium-Based Materials for CO₂ Electroreduction