Citation: Liu Lin, Zemin Sun, Huatian Chen, Lian Zhao, Mingyue Sun, Yitao Yang, Zhensheng Liao, Xinyu Wu, Xinxin Li, Cheng Tang. Recent Advances in Electrocatalytic Two-Electron Water Oxidation for Green H₂O₂ Production[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2024, 40(4): 230501. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202305019 shu

Recent Advances in Electrocatalytic Two-Electron Water Oxidation for Green H₂O₂ Production

Liu Lin ¹ ,
Zemin Sun ^1,, ,
Huatian Chen ¹ ,
Lian Zhao ¹ ,
Mingyue Sun ¹ ,
Yitao Yang ¹ ,
Zhensheng Liao ¹ ,
Xinyu Wu ¹ ,
Xinxin Li ² ,
Cheng Tang ^2,,

1.
Center for Advanced Materials Research, College of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, Guangdong Province, China
2.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Corresponding author: Zemin Sun, zmsun@mail.bnu.edu.cn Cheng Tang, cheng-net0@tsinghua.edu.cn
Received Date: 9 May 2023
Revised Date: 5 June 2023
Accepted Date: 7 June 2023
Available Online: 14 June 2023
Fund Project: the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China 2023A1515010554

Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is an environmentally friendly oxidant that has been widely used in water treatment, medical disinfection, chemical synthesis, and other industrial applications. However, traditional methods used to produce H₂O₂ consume significant amounts of energy and generate hazardous by-products, which limit their scope. On-site and on-demand electrocatalytic two-electron water oxidation chemistry is an attractive option for directly producing H₂O₂ from water; it also avoids the hazardous anthraquinone method, has fewer transportation costs and risks, and is integratable with renewable electricity. Despite these advantages, the two-electron water oxidation reaction (2e^– WOR) still suffers from poor selectivity and activity due to a lack of mechanistic, material-design, and reactor-engineering understanding. This study summarizes recent advances in H₂O₂ electrosynthesis technology using the 2e^– WOR. The catalytic 2e^– WOR mechanism is first introduced with a focus on selectivity, activity, and stability. This reaction involves the electrocatalytic oxidation of water to produce H₂O₂, which can be further oxidized to O₂. Selectivity is influenced by a variety of factors, including the electrocatalyst, pH, and electrolyte. Various quantitative H₂O₂ methods are discussed along with in situ characterization studies into the 2e^– WOR aimed at better understanding the reaction process. Such methods include in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and in situ Raman spectroscopy. Researchers are able to identify reaction intermediates and understand reaction mechanisms better using these techniques, thereby providing guidance for the design of more efficient electrocatalysts. In turn, various strategies for preparing high-performance electrocatalysts are summarized, including defect, doping, facet, and interfacial engineering methods. Mechanism-guided multiscale materials engineering can improve the activities and selectivities of electrocatalysts, thereby increasing H₂O₂ yields. In addition, device-level engineering, especially in relation to reactor and system innovations, is emphasized, which is important for improving reaction efficiency and reducing the cost of the 2e^– WOR. Finally, current challenges and future opportunities in the 2e^– WOR H₂O₂ electrosynthesis field are discussed. More effort directed at improving reaction selectivity, activity, and durability is required, along with exploring suitable application scenarios. The 2e^– WOR is expected to become a more sustainable and efficient method for producing H₂O₂ facilitated by continuing progress in the materials science and electrochemical technology fields.
- Water oxidation reaction,
- Hydrogen peroxide,
- Catalyst design,
- Electrochemical mechanism,
- Theoretical study
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Recent Advances in Electrocatalytic Two-Electron Water Oxidation for Green H2O2 Production

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Recent Advances in Electrocatalytic Two-Electron Water Oxidation for Green H₂O₂ Production