Citation: Yameen Ahmed, Xiangxiang Feng, Yuanji Gao, Yang Ding, Caoyu Long, Mustafa Haider, Hengyue Li, Zhuan Li, Shicheng Huang, Makhsud I. Saidaminov, Junliang Yang. Interface Modification by Ionic Liquid for Efficient and Stable FAPbI₃ Perovskite Solar Cells[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2024, 40(6): 230305. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202303057 shu

Interface Modification by Ionic Liquid for Efficient and Stable FAPbI₃ Perovskite Solar Cells

Yameen Ahmed ^{1, 5, †} ,
Xiangxiang Feng ^{1, †} ,
Yuanji Gao ¹ ,
Yang Ding ¹ ,
Caoyu Long ¹ ,
Mustafa Haider ¹ ,
Hengyue Li ^1,, ,
Zhuan Li ² ,
Shicheng Huang ^{3, 4} ,
Makhsud I. Saidaminov ^{5, 6} ,
Junliang Yang ^{1, 2,,}

1.
Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
3.
Guangxi Crystal Union Photoelectric Materials Co., Ltd., Liuzhou 545036, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
4.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
5.
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
6.
Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada

Corresponding author: Hengyue Li, Junliang Yang,
Received Date: 31 March 2023
Revised Date: 23 May 2023
Accepted Date: 24 May 2023
Available Online: 31 May 2023
Fund Project: the National Key Research and Development Program of China 2022YFB3803300the National Natural Science Foundation of China 51673214the National Natural Science Foundation of China 52203250

Formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI₃) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted significant attention owing to their outstanding optoelectronic properties, but long-term device stability is still a crucial issue related to FAPbI₃ PSCs. FAPbI₃ undergoes phase transition from black perovskite phase to yellow non-perovskite phase at room temperature, and moisture triggers this phase transition. One of the most widely used methods to improve the stability of PSCs is interface engineering. Being green functional solvents, ionic liquids (ILs) have been regarded as potential alternatives to toxic interface modifiers, thereby increasing their commercial viability and accelerating their adoption in the renewable energy market. In this study, an IL, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMIM[BF₄]) was used to modify the interface between the electron transport layer and perovskite layer due to its low volatility, low toxicity, high conductivity, and high thermal stability. The introduction of IL not only reduces interface defects but also improves perovskite film quality. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that there is a strong interface interaction between the IL and perovskite surface that is beneficial to decrease the density of defect states of the perovskite surface and stabilize the perovskite lattice. Apart from the defects in the perovskite film, solution-processed SnO₂ also suffers from surface imperfections. Defects on the SnO₂ surface generate defect states, which cause band alignment issues and stability issues. DFT calculations show that the surface gap states with IL are smaller than those without IL. Such weakened surface gap states indicate reduced carrier recombination at the surface region, which improves the device performance. Consequently, we achieved a power conversion efficiency exceeding 22% for the IL-modified FAPbI₃ PSCs (control ~21%). After storing for over 1800 h in a dry box (relative humidity (RH) ~20%), the champion device retained ~90% of its initial efficiency, while the control devices degraded into non-perovskite yellow hexagonal phase (δ-FAPbI₃).
- FAPbI₃,
- Phase stability,
- SnO₂,
- Perovskite solar cells,
- Ionic liquid,
- Interface engineering
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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Interface Modification by Ionic Liquid for Efficient and Stable FAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Interface Modification by Ionic Liquid for Efficient and Stable FAPbI₃ Perovskite Solar Cells