Citation: Jingxue Li, Yue Yu, Siran Xu, Wenfu Yan, Shichun Mu, Jia-Nan Zhang. Function of Electron Spin Effect in Electrocatalysts[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2023, 39(12): 230204. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202302049 shu

Function of Electron Spin Effect in Electrocatalysts

Jingxue Li ^{1, 2, †} ,
Yue Yu ^{1, 2, †} ,
Siran Xu ^{1, 2} ,
Wenfu Yan ³ ,
Shichun Mu ⁴ ,
Jia-Nan Zhang ^{1, 2,,}

1.
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Catalytic and Functional Materials Preparation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450012, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparation Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
4.
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China

Corresponding author: Jia-Nan Zhang, zjn@zzu.edu.cn

^†

Received Date: 27 February 2023
Revised Date: 20 March 2023
Accepted Date: 20 March 2023
Available Online: 28 March 2023
Fund Project: the National Natural Science Foundation of China U22A20107the National Natural Science Foundation of China U1967215the Distinguished Young Scholars Innovation Team of Zhengzhou University 32320275the Academic Degrees & Graduate Education Reform Project of Henan Province 2021SJGLX093Ythe Science and Technology Research Support Plan in Henan Province 222301420001

With the continuous consumption of non-renewable energy and increasing exacerbation in associated environmental problems, there is a growing demand for clean renewable energy. This demand has led to the development of many energy conversion technologies to alleviate the energy crisis and related environmental problems. The development of high-efficiency electrocatalysts is crucial for the progress of renewable energy conversion and storage technologies. Over the past decade, researchers have gradually understood the intrinsic reaction mechanism and structure-performance relationships in electrocatalysis, and made significant progress in synthesizing high-performance electrocatalysts. Detailed analysis of the relationship between the intrinsic activity and electronic structure of active sites, including the deeper levels of electronic spin distribution of catalyst active sites, has been the focus of electrocatalysis research. Spin is an inherent property of particles and can have a unique impact on chemical reactions. Therefore, using electron spin to further study the electronic structure of active sites is expected to bring new development opportunities to catalyst design theory. Spin control in electrocatalysts is undoubtedly an effective method to improve catalytic performance. This review article introduces the progress status of electron spin in electrocatalysis, summarizes the common strategies for controlling electron spin at the active sites in electrocatalysis, and expound the mechanism of spin effect in electrocatalysis from both thermodynamic and kinetic aspects. Further, the article reviews the latest research progress concerning the spin effect on several reactions such as oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) and carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO₂RR). It explains the important role of spin in catalyst activity and catalyst promotion of the aforementioned reactions, and then discusses the spin stability of the catalyst active sites in ORR. In addition, the article reviews the advanced methods widely used for characterizing electron spin in electrocatalysis, such as vibrating sample magnetometry, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, Mossbauer spectroscopy, and X-ray spectroscopy, and discusses the first-principle calculation methods employed in spin catalysis. Finally, the article summarizes the current development of spin electronics in electrocatalysis and proposes future development directions regarding the spin effect in electrocatalysis. In summary, understanding the role of spin effect is instrumental for improving the understanding of the mechanism of electrocatalytic reaction, and can guide the design of high-efficiency catalysts, which has broad research prospects. This review presents for the first time a comprehensive summary of the latest research progress on the spin effect in the field of electrocatalysis, which provides theoretical guidance for the design of spin-regulated high-efficiency electrocatalysts.
- Spin catalysis,
- Electron spin,
- Electrocatalyst,
- Oxygen reduction reaction,
- Oxygen evolution reaction,
- Nitrogen reduction reaction,
- Carbon dioxide reduction reaction
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142