Citation: SUN Feng, XU Hui-Pan, WANG Ruo-Su, TONG Yang-Yang, KANG Ning-Wu, AI Jian. Analysis of Pigment Composition of Painted Cultural Relics Based on Very Small Amount of Sampling[J]. Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, ;2022, 50(3): 465-471. doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.201505 shu

Analysis of Pigment Composition of Painted Cultural Relics Based on Very Small Amount of Sampling

SUN Feng ^1,2,, ,
XU Hui-Pan ¹ ,
WANG Ruo-Su ¹ ,
TONG Yang-Yang ¹ ,
KANG Ning-Wu ³ ,
AI Jian ⁴

¹School of Cultural Heritage, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China;
²Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China;
³Yulin Archaeological Exploration Team, Yulin 719054, China;
⁴Mizhi Museum, Yulin 718199, China

Corresponding author: SUN Feng, sunfeng@nwu.edu.cn
Received Date: 17 August 2020
Revised Date: 6 January 2022

Fund Project: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No 22101226) and the Social Science Department of the Ministry of Education, China (No.18YJCZH154).

With the increasing emphasis for the pretection of cultural relics, non-destructive or micro-destructive analysis of cultural relics samples is increasingly advocated. At the same time, due to the complexity of cultural relics samples, more stringent and demanding requirements are put forward for the analysis techniques. The pigment analysis and research of painted cultural relics play a pivotal role in the extraction of its cultural relic information, and in the study and elaboration of ancient human history, society, and culture. In this study, a methods for pigment analysis of cultural relics with a very small amount of sampling was proposed, which was applied to the analysis and identification of colored pigments on the surfaces of a painted pottery francium and a painted pottery retort excavated from the Wolhoo Bay Tomb in Yulin. This study used a variety of technical methods such as ultra-depth of field three-dimensional video microscopy system (OM), scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrum (SEM-EDS), micro X-ray diffraction (μ-XRD) and micro laser Raman spectroscopy (MLRM), etc. The comprehensive results showed that the white pigment was bone white (Ca₁₀[PO₄]₆[OH]₂), the red pigment was cinnabar (HgS), and the green pigment was a mixture of malachite (Cu₂[OH]₂CO₃) and gypsum (CaSO₄). The purple pigment was Chinese purple (BaCuSi₂O₆). The method was applied to the analysis of painted cultural relics with very small amount of sampling and reliable analytical results were obtained. This study provided a reference for the analysis of similar heritage samples, and also guided the sampling workers to collect the minimum amount of samples to avoid the "protective damage" to a greater extent.
- Wohuwan Tomb,
- Pigment analysis,
- Very small amount of sampling,
- X-ray diffraction,
- Micro-laser Raman spectroscopy,
- Chinese purple
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