Cage Clusters: from Structure Prediction to Rational Design of Functional Nanomaterials
- Corresponding author: Ji-Jun ZHAO, zhaojj@dlut.edu.cn
Citation:
Si ZHOU, Yan-Yan ZHAO, Ji-Jun ZHAO. Cage Clusters: from Structure Prediction to Rational Design of Functional Nanomaterials[J]. Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry,
;2020, 39(7): 1185-1193.
doi:
10.14102/j.cnki.0254–5861.2011–2922
Gong, X. G.; Kumar, V. Enhanced stability of magic clusters: a case study of icosahedral Al12X, X = B, Al, Ga, C, Si, Ge, Ti, As. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1993, 70, 2078–2081.
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.70.2078
de Heer, W. A. The physics of simple metal clusters: experimental aspects and simple models. Rev. Mod. Phys. 1993, 65, 611–676.
doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.65.611
Langmuir, I. Types of valence. Science, New Series 1921, 54, 59–67.
Pyykkö, P.; Runeberg, N. Icosahedral WAu12: a predicted closed-shell species, stabilized by aurophilic attraction and relativity and in accord with the 18-electron rule. Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 2278–2280.
doi: 10.1002/1521-3757(20020617)114:12<2278::AID-ANGE2278>3.0.CO;2-F
Li, X.; Kiran, B.; Li, J.; Zhai, H. J.; Wang, L. S. Experimental observation and confirmation of icosahedral W@Au12 and Mo@Au12 molecules. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 4786–4789.
doi: 10.1002/anie.200290048
Heath, J. R.; O'Brien, S. C.; Zhang, Q.; Liu, Y.; Curl, R. F.; Kroto, H. W.; Tittel, F. K.; Smalley, R. E. Lanthanum complexes of spheroidal carbon shells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 7779–7780.
doi: 10.1021/ja00311a102
Kumar, V.; Kawazoe, Y. Metal-encapsulated fullerenelike and cubic caged clusters of silicon. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2001, 87, 045503(1–4).
Kumar, V.; Kawazoe, Y. Metal-encapsulated caged clusters of germanium with large gaps and different growth behavior than silicon. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2002, 88, 235504(1–4).
Koyasu, K.; Akutsu, M.; Mitsui, M.; Nakajima, A. Selective formation of MSi16 (M = Sc, Ti, and V). J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 4998–4999.
doi: 10.1021/ja045380t
Lau, J. T.; Hirsch, K.; Klar, P.; Langenberg, A.; Lofink, F.; Richter, R.; Rittmann, J.; Vogel, M.; Zamudio-Bayer, V.; Möller. T. X-ray spectroscopy reveals high symmetry and electronic shell structure of transition-metal-doped silicon clusters. Phys. Rev. A 2009, 79, 053201(1–5).
Furuse, S.; Koyasu, K.; Atobe, J.; Nakajima, A. Experimental and theoretical characterization of MSi16−, MGe16−, MSn16−, and MPb16− (M = Ti, Zr, and Hf): the role of cage aromaticity. J. Chem. Phys. 2008, 129, 064311(1–6).
Tsunoyama, H.; Akatsuka, H.; Shibuta, M.; Iwasa, T.; Mizuhata, Y.; Tokitoh, N.; Nakajima, A. Development of integrated dry-wet synthesis method for metal encapsulating silicon cage superatoms of M@Si16 (M = Ti and Ta). J. Phys. Chem. C 2017, 121, 20507–20516.
doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b06449
Zhao, J. J.; Du, Q. Y; Zhou, S.; Kumar, V. Endohedrally doped cage clusters. Chem. Rev. DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00651.
doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00651
Huang, X. M.; Xu, H. G.; Lu, S. J.; Su, Y.; King, R. B.; Zhao, J. J.; Zheng, W. J. Discovery of a silicon-based ferrimagnetic wheel structure in VxSi12− (x = 1~3) clusters: photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory investigation. Nanoscale 2014, 6, 4617–14621.
Huang, X. M.; Lu, S. J.; Liang, X. Q.; Su, Y.; Sai, L. W.; Zhang, Z. G.; Zhao, J. J.; Xu, H. G.; Zheng, W. J. Structures and electronic properties of V3Sin− (n = 3~14) clusters: a combined ab initio and experimental study. J. Phys. Chem. C 2015, 119, 10987–10994.
doi: 10.1021/jp5112845
Wu, X.; Zhou, S.; Huang, X. M.; Chen, M. D.; Bruce King, R.; Zhao, J. J. Revisit of large-gap Si16 clusters encapsulating group-Ⅳ metal atoms (Ti, Zr, Hf). J. Comput. Chem. 2018, 39, 2268–2272.
doi: 10.1002/jcc.25545
Zhou, S.; Yang, X. W.; Pei, W.; Zhao, J. J.; Du, A. J. Silicon nanocages for selective carbon dioxide conversion under visible light. J. Phys. Chem. C 2019, 123, 9973–9980.
doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b01784
Liang, X. Q.; Deng, X. J.; Lu, S. J.; Huang, X. M.; Zhao, J. J.; Xu, H. G.; Zheng, W. J.; Zeng, X. C. Probing structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of iron-doped semiconductor clusters Fe2Gen–/0 (n = 3~12) via joint photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional study. J. Phys. Chem. C 2017, 121, 7037–7046.
doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b00943
Liang, X. Q.; Kong, X. Y.; Lu, S. J.; Huang, Y. Y.; Zhao, J. J.; Xu, H. G.; Zheng, W. J.; Zeng, X. C. Structural evolution and magnetic properties of anionic clusters Cr2Gen (n = 3~14): photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory computation. J. Phys. : Condens. Matter 2018, 30, 335501(1–11).
Zhou, S.; Yang, X. W.; Shen, Y. B.; King, R. B.; Zhao, J. J. Dual transition metal doped germanium clusters for catalysis of CO oxidation. J. Alloy. Compd. 2019, 806, 698–704.
doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.07.297
Du, Q. Y.; Wu, X.; Wang, P. J.; Wu, D.; Sai, L. W.; King, R. B.; Park, S. J.; Zhao, J. J. Structure evolution of transition metal-doped gold clusters M@Au12 (M = 3d~5d): across the periodic table. J. Phys. Chem. C 2020, 124, 7449–7457.
doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b11588
Zhou, S.; Pei, W.; Du, Q. Y.; Zhao, J. J. Foreign atom encapsulated Au12 golden cages for catalysis of CO oxidation. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2019, 21, 10587–10593.
doi: 10.1039/C9CP01517E
Zhao, J. J.; Shi, R. L.; Sai, L. W.; Huang, X. M.; Su, Y. Comprehensive genetic algorithm for ab initioglobal optimisation of clusters. Mol. Simulat. 2016, 42, 809–819.
doi: 10.1080/08927022.2015.1121386
Goldberg, D. E. Genetic algorithms in search. optimization, and machineLearning. Addison-Wesley 1989.
Deaven, D. M.; Ho, K. M. Molecular geometry optimization with a genetic algorithm. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1995, 75, 288–291.
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.288
Luo, Y. H.; Zhao, J. J.; Qiu, S. T.; Wang, G. H. Genetic-algorithm prediction of the magic-number structure of (C60)N clusters with a first-principles interaction potential. Phys. Rev. B 1999, 59, 14903–14906.
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.14903
Zhao, J. J.; Xie, R. H. Genetic algorithms for the geometry optimization of atomic and molecular clusters. J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. 2004, 1, 117–131.
doi: 10.1166/jctn.2004.010
Wang, B. L.; Yin, S. Y.; Wang, G. H.; Buldum, A.; Zhao, J. J. Novel structures and properties of gold nanowires. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2001, 86, 2046–2049.
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.2046
Kresse, G.; Furthmüller, J. Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set. Phys. Rev. B 1996, 54, 11169–11186.
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.11169
Delley, B. From molecules to solids with the DMol3 approach. J. Chem. Phys. 2000, 113, 7756–7764.
doi: 10.1063/1.1316015
Plimpton, S. Fast parallel algorithms for short-range molecular dynamics. J. Comp. Phys. 1995, 117, 1–19.
doi: 10.1006/jcph.1995.1039
Sai, L. W.; Wu, X.; Gao, N.; Zhao, J. J.; King, R. B. Boron clusters with 46, 48, and 50 atoms: competition among the core-shell, bilayer and quasi-planar structures. Nanoscale 2017, 9, 13905–13909.
doi: 10.1039/C7NR02399E
Huang, X. M.; Sai, L. W.; Jiang, X.; Zhao, J. J. Ground state structures, electronic and optical properties of medium-sized Nan+ (n = 9, 15, 21, 26, 31, 36, 41, 50 and 59) clusters from ab initio genetic algorithm. Eur. Phys. J. D 2013, 67, 1–7.
doi: 10.1140/epjd/e2012-30692-0
Sai, L. W.; Tang, L. L.; Huang, X. M.; Chen, G. B.; Zhao, J. J.; Wang, J. Lowest-energy structures of (WO3)n (2≤n≤12) clusters from first-principles global search. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2012, 544, 7–12.
doi: 10.1016/j.cplett.2012.06.050
Zhao, J. J.; Huang, X. M.; Jin, P.; Chen, Z. F. Magnetic properties of atomic clusters and endohedral metallofullerenes. Coordin. Chem. Rev. 2015, 289–290, 315–340.
Kumar, V.; Kawazoe, Y. Metal-doped magic clusters of Si, Ge, and Sn: the finding of a magnetic superatom. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2003, 83, 2677–2679.
doi: 10.1063/1.1609661
Ma, L.; Zhao, J. J.; Wang, J. G.; Wang, B. L.; Lu, Q. L.; Wang, G. H. Growth behavior and magnetic properties of SinFe (n = 2~14) clusters. Phys. Rev. B 2006, 73, 125439(1–8).
Kong, X. Y.; Xu, H. G.; Zheng, W. J. Structures and magnetic properties of CrSin− (n = 3~12) clusters: photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional calculations. J. Chem. Phys. 2012, 137, 064307(1–9).
Wang, J. G.; Ma, L.; Zhao, J. J.; Wang, G. H. Structural growth sequences and electronic properties of manganese-doped germanium clusters: MnGen (2~15). J. Phys. : Condens. Matter 2008, 20, 335223(1–8).
Claes, P.; Janssens, E.; Ngan, V. T.; Gruene, P.; Lyon, J. T.; Harding, D. J.; Fielicke, A.; Nguyen, M. T.; Lievens, P. Structural identification of caged vanadium doped silicon clusters. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2011, 107, 173401(1–4).
Zhou, S.; Yang, X. W.; Xu, X.; Dou, S. X.; Du, Y.; Zhao, J. J. Boron nitride nanotubes for ammonia synthesis: activation by filling transition metals. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020, 142, 308–317.
doi: 10.1021/jacs.9b10588
Zhao, Y. Y.; Liu, N. S.; Zhou, S.; Zhao, J. J. Two-dimensional ZnO for the selective photoreduction of CO2. J. Mater. Chem. A 2019, 7, 16294–16303.
doi: 10.1039/C9TA04477A
Zhou, S.; Yang, X. W.; Pei, W.; Liu, N. S.; Zhao, J. J. Heterostructures of mxenes and N-doped graphene as highly active bifunctional electrocatalysts. Nanoscale 2018, 10, 10876–10883.
doi: 10.1039/C8NR01090K
Tong, Q. C.; Xue, L. T.; Lv, J.; Wang, Y. C.; Ma, Y. M. Accelerating CALYPSO structure prediction by data-driven learning of a potential energy surface. Faraday Discuss. 2018, 211, 31–43.
doi: 10.1039/C8FD00055G
Yin, B. Q.; Du, Q. Y.; Geng, L. J.; Zhang, H. Y.; Luo, Z. X.; Zhou, S.; Zhao, J. J. Anionic copper clusters reacting with NO: an open-shell superatom Cu18–. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2020, DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01643.
doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01643
Yang, D.; Pei, W.; Zhou, S.; Zhao, J. J.; Ding, W. P.; Zhu, Y. Controllable conversion of CO2 on non-metallic gold clusters. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020, 59, 1919–1924.
doi: 10.1002/anie.201913635
Sun, Y. N.; Pei, W.; Xie, M. C.; Xu, S.; Zhou, S.; Zhao, J. J.; Xiao, K.; Zhu, Y. Excitonic Au4Ru2(PPh3)2(SC2H4Ph)8 cluster for light-driven dinitrogen fixation. Chem. Sci. 2020, 11, 2440–2447.
doi: 10.1039/C9SC06424A
Yueyue WEI , Xuehua SUN , Hongmei CHAI , Wanqiao BAI , Yixia REN , Loujun GAO , Gangqiang ZHANG , Jun ZHANG . Two Ln-Co (Ln=Eu, Sm) metal-organic frameworks: Structures, magnetism, and fluorescent sensing sulfasalazine and glutaraldehyde. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(12): 2475-2485. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240193
Ning LI , Siyu DU , Xueyi WANG , Hui YANG , Tao ZHOU , Zhimin GUAN , Peng FEI , Hongfang MA , Shang JIANG . Preparation and efficient catalysis for olefins epoxidation of a polyoxovanadate-based hybrid. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(4): 799-808. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230372
Xiaxia LIU , Xiaofang MA , Luxia GUO , Xianda HAN , Sisi FENG . Structure and magnetic properties of Mn(Ⅱ) coordination polymers regulated by N-auxiliary ligands. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(3): 587-596. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240269
Huan LI , Shengyan WANG , Long Zhang , Yue CAO , Xiaohan YANG , Ziliang WANG , Wenjuan ZHU , Wenlei ZHU , Yang ZHOU . Growth mechanisms and application potentials of magic-size clusters of groups Ⅱ-Ⅵ semiconductors. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(8): 1425-1441. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240088
Xin XIONG , Qian CHEN , Quan XIE . First principles study of the photoelectric properties and magnetism of La and Yb doped AlN. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(8): 1519-1527. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240064
Yadan SUN , Xinfeng LI , Qiang LIU , Oshio Hiroki , Yinshan MENG . Structures and magnetism of dinuclear Co complexes based on imine derivatives. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(11): 2212-2220. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240131
Jun-Jie Fang , Yun-Peng Xie , Xing Lu . Organooxotin and cobalt/manganese heterometallic nanoclusters exhibiting single-molecule magnetism. Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry, 2025, 44(4): 100515-100515. doi: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2025.100515
Xianghe Kong , Xiaoli Liao , Zhenkun Huang , Lei Mei , Hongqing Wang , Kongqiu Hu , Weiqun Shi . Designed assembly of heterometallic cluster organic frameworks based on Th6 cluster. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(11): 109642-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109642
Juanjuan Wang , Fang Wang , Bin Qin , Yue Wu , Huan Yang , Xiaolong Li , Lanfang Wang , Xiufang Qin , Xiaohong Xu . Controlled synthesis and excellent magnetism of ferrimagnetic NiFe2Se4 nanostructures. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(11): 109449-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109449
Zhenyang Lin . A classification scheme for inorganic cluster compounds based on their electronic structures and bonding characteristics. Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry, 2024, 43(5): 100254-100254. doi: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2024.100254
Haibin Yang , Duowen Ma , Yang Li , Qinghe Zhao , Feng Pan , Shisheng Zheng , Zirui Lou . Mo doped Ru-based cluster to promote alkaline hydrogen evolution with ultra-low Ru loading. Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry, 2023, 42(11): 100031-100031. doi: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2023.100031
Wen LUO , Lin JIN , Palanisamy Kannan , Jinle HOU , Peng HUO , Jinzhong YAO , Peng WANG . Preparation of high-performance supercapacitor based on bimetallic high nuclearity titanium-oxo-cluster based electrodes. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(4): 782-790. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230418
Zhengzheng LIU , Pengyun ZHANG , Chengri WANG , Shengli HUANG , Guoyu YANG . Synthesis, structure, and electrochemical properties of a sandwich-type {Co6}-cluster-added germanotungstate. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(6): 1173-1179. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240039
Chao-Long Chen , Rong Chen , La-Sheng Long , Lan-Sun Zheng , Xiang-Jian Kong . Anchoring heterometallic cluster on P-doped carbon nitride for efficient photocatalytic nitrogen fixation in water and air ambient. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 108795-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108795
Yan Wang , Si-Meng Zhai , Peng Luo , Xi-Yan Dong , Jia-Yin Wang , Zhen Han , Shuang-Quan Zang . Vapor- and temperature-triggered reversible optical switching for multi-response Cu8 cluster supercrystals. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(11): 109493-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109493
Shenglan Zhou , Haijian Li , Hongyi Gao , Ang Li , Tian Li , Shanshan Cheng , Jingjing Wang , Jitti Kasemchainan , Jianhua Yi , Fengqi Zhao , Wengang Qu . Recent advances in metal-loaded MOFs photocatalysts: From single atom, cluster to nanoparticle. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(1): 110142-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110142
Wen-Jun Xia , Yong-Jiang Wang , Yun-Fei Cao , Cai Sun , Xin-Xiong Li , Yan-Qiong Sun , Shou-Tian Zheng . A luminescent folded S-shaped high-nuclearity Eu19-oxo-cluster embedded polyoxoniobate for information encryption. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(2): 110248-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110248
Xiao Yu , Dongyue Cui , Mengmeng Wang , Zhaojin Wang , Mengzhu Wang , Deshuang Tu , Vladimir Bregadze , Changsheng Lu , Qiang Zhao , Runfeng Chen , Hong Yan . Boron cluster-based TADF emitter via through-space charge transfer enabling efficient orange-red electroluminescence. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(3): 110520-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110520
Fahui Xiang , Lu Li , Zhen Yuan , Wuji Wei , Xiaoqing Zheng , Shimin Chen , Yisi Yang , Liangji Chen , Zizhu Yao , Jianwei Fu , Zhangjing Zhang , Shengchang Xiang . Enhanced C2H2/CO2 separation in tetranuclear Cu(Ⅱ) cluster-based metal-organic frameworks by adjusting divider length of pore space partition. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(3): 109672-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109672
Haiming Wu , Gaya N. Andrew , Rajini Anumula , Zhixun Luo . Corrigendum to 'How ligand coordination and superatomic-states accommodate the structure and property of a metal cluster: Cu4 (dppy)4 Cl2 vs. Cu21 (dppy)10 with altered photoluminescence' [Chin. Chem. Lett. 35 (2024) 108340]. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(12): 109912-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109912