Citation: Wenlong LI, Xinyu JIA, Jie LING, Mengdan MA, Anning ZHOU. Photothermal catalytic CO₂ hydrogenation over a Mg-doped In₂O_3-x catalyst[J]. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, ;2024, 40(5): 919-929. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230421 shu

Photothermal catalytic CO₂ hydrogenation over a Mg-doped In₂O_3-x catalyst

Wenlong LI ¹ ,
Xinyu JIA ^1,, ,
Jie LING ¹ ,
Mengdan MA ¹ ,
Anning ZHOU ^{1, 2,,}

1.
College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xi′an University of Science and Technology, Xi′an 710054, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi′an, Shaanxi 710054, China

Corresponding author: Xinyu JIA, xinyu25@xust.edu.cn Anning ZHOU, psu@139.com
Received Date: 4 November 2023
Revised Date: 19 January 2024

Figures(7)

To improve the catalytic activity of the photothermal CO₂ hydrogenation In₂O₃ catalyst, a Mg(OH)₂-In(OH)₃ precursor was prepared by the homogeneous hydrothermal method, and a Mg-doped In₂O_3-x (Mg-In₂O_3-x) catalyst enriched with oxygen vacancies was obtained by the following high-temperature calcination and H₂-reducing treatment. The catalyst was evaluated for its photothermal catalytic performance of CO₂ hydrogenation in a photothermal fixed -bed reactor. The results demonstrated that Mg-In₂O_3-x achieved an impressive CO₂ conversion rate of 31.20% with a CO production rate of 14.22 mmol·g_cat^-1·h^-1 and selectivity of 100% in the light reaction at 300 ℃. The characterization results confirmed that the Mg doping into the In₂O₃ lattice promotes the formation of more surface oxygen vacancies, which dramatically increases the response efficiency to visible light and slows down the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole. This is the main reason for the enhancement of the photothermal catalytic performance.
- indium oxide,
- photothermal catalysis,
- CO₂ hydrogenation,
- doping,
- oxygen vacancy
1. [1]
  Li Y G, Hao J C, Song H, Zhang F Y, Bai X H, Meng X G, Zhang H Y, Wang S F, Hu Y, Ye J H. Selective light absorber-assisted single nickel atom catalysts for ambient sunlight-driven CO₂ methanation[J]. Nat. Commun., 2019,10(1):4359-4368. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-12328-w
2. [2]
  XU L M, HUANG H B, SHEN J H, YOU Q H. Synthesis of Zn-doped BiOBr with enhanced photoreduction CO₂ activity under visible light irradiation[J]. Chinese J. Inorg. Chem., 2020,36(12):2395-2403. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2020.262
3. [3]
  Merkel T C, Lin H Q, Wei X T, Baker R. Power plant post-combustion carbon dioxide capture: An opportunity for membranes[J]. J. Membr. Sci., 2010,359(1/2):126-139.
4. [4]
  Assima G P, Larachi F, Molson J, Beaudong G. Comparative study of five Québec ultramafic mining residues for use in direct ambient carbon dioxide mineral sequestration[J]. Chem. Eng. J., 2014,245:56-64. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2014.02.010
5. [5]
  Ling J, Zhou A N, Wang W Z, Jia X Y, Ma M D, Li Y Z. One-pot method synthesis of bimetallic MgCu-MOF-74 and its CO₂ adsorption under visible light[J]. ACS Omega, 2022,7(23):19920-19929. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01717
6. [6]
  Wang L, Ghoussoub M, Wang H, Shao Y, Sun W, Tountas A A, Wood T E, Li H, Loh J Y Y, Dong Y C, Xia M K, Li Y, Wang S H, Jia J, Qiu C Y, Qian C X, Kherani N P, He L, Zhang X H, Ozin G A. Photocatalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide with high selectivity to methanol at atmospheric pressure[J]. Joule, 2018,2(7):1369-1381. doi: 10.1016/j.joule.2018.03.007
7. [7]
  DONG Y A, FENG Z, ZHU D R. Syntheses of two Mg-based metalorganic frameworks by a coordination competitive strategy and the selective CO₂ capture[J]. Chinese J. Inorg. Chem., 2023,39(1):181-190.
8. [8]
  Lingampalli S R, Ayyub M M, Rao C N R. Recent progress in the photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide[J]. ACS Omega, 2017,2(6):2740-2748. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00721
9. [9]
  Ameta R, Panchal S, Ameta N, Ameta S C. Photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide[J]. Mater. Sci. Forum, 2013,764:83-96. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.764.83
10. [10]
  DUAN F Y, ZHOU A N, CHEN F X, LING J, MA M D, JIA X Y. Controllable preparation and photocatalytic performance of graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2021,49(10):2053-2060.
11. [11]
  MA M D, ZHOU A N, DUAN F Y, JIA X Y, LING J. Preparation of Ti₁Li₃Al₂-LDHs/g-C₃N₄ composites and its photocatalytic properties in CO₂-toluene reaction system[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2023,40(3):1522-1533.
12. [12]
  XU L L, ZHOU M T, YANG A L, WANG J X, ZHOU T F, ZHANG Y. Preparation of dumbbell-like magnetic gold mesoporous silicon microspheres and determination of magnetic/photo thermo and catalytic performance[J]. Chinese J. Inorg. Chem., 2019,35(6):971-977.
13. [13]
  Li Z H, Liu J J, Zhao Y F, Shi R, Waterhouse G I N, Wang Y S, Wu L Z, Tung C H, Zhang T R. Photothermal hydrocarbon synthesis using alumina-supported cobalt metal nanoparticle catalysts derived from layered-double-hydroxide nanosheets[J]. Nano Energy, 2019,60:467-475. doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.03.069
14. [14]
  Wang J C, Qiao X, Shi W N, Gao H L, Guo L C. Enhanced photothermal selective conversion of CO₂ to CH₄ in water vapor over rod-like Cu and N co-doped TiO₂[J]. Chin. J. Struct. Chem., 2022,41(12):33-42.
15. [15]
  Deng B W, Song H, Wang Q, Hong J N, Song S, Zhang Y W, Peng K, Zhang H W, Kako T, Ye J H. Highly efficient and stable photothermal catalytic CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol over Ru/In₂O₃ under atmospheric pressure[J]. Appl. Catal. B-Environ., 2023,327122471. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2023.122471
16. [16]
  Qi Y H, Song L Z, Ouyang S X, Liang X C, Ning S B, Zhang Q Q, Ye J H. Photoinduced defect engineering: Enhanced photothermal catalytic performance of 2D Black In₂O_3-x nanosheets with bifunctional oxygen vacancies[J]. Adv. Mater., 2019,32(6)1903915.
17. [17]
  Wang S, Wang P F, Qin Z F, Yan W J, Dong M, Li J F, Wang J G, Fan W B. Enhancement of light olefin production in CO₂ hydrogenation over In₂O₃-based oxide and SAPO-34 composite[J]. J. Catal., 2020,391:459-470. doi: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.09.010
18. [18]
  Qin B, Zhou Z M, Li S G, Gao P. Understanding the structure-performance relationship of cubic In₂O₃ catalysts for CO₂ hydrogenation[J]. J. CO2 Util., 2021,49101543. doi: 10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101543
19. [19]
  Tao H C, Fan Q, Ma T, Liu S Z, Gysling H, Texter J, Guo F, Sun Z Y. Two-dimensional materials for energy conversion and storage[J]. Prog. Mater. Sci., 2020,111100637. doi: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2020.100637
20. [20]
  Wang L, Dong Y C, Yan T J, Hu Z X, Ali F M, Meira D M, Duchesne P N, Loh J Y Y, Qiu C Y, Storey E E, Xu Y F, Sun W, Ghoussoub M, Kherani N P, Helmy A S, Ozin G A. Black indium oxide a photothermal CO₂ hydrogenation catalyst[J]. Nat. Commun., 2020,11(1)2432. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-16336-z
21. [21]
  Yang Y X, Pan Y X, Tu X, Liu C J. Nitrogen doping of indium oxide for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO₂ to methanol[J]. Nano Energy, 2022,101107613. doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107613
22. [22]
  Zhu X W, Yang J M, Zhu X L, Yuan J J, Zhou M, She X J, Yu Q, Song Y H, She Y B, Hua Y J, Li H M, Xu H. Exploring deep effects of atomic vacancies on activating CO₂ photoreduction via rationally designing indium oxide photocatalysts[J]. Chem. Eng. J., 2021,422129888. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.129888
23. [23]
  Zheng M, Liu J N, Xiao X D, Wang H L, Jiang B J, Li Q, Liu M, Zhao C, Zhang L P, Zhou J. Creation of Mo active sites on indium oxide microrods for photocatalytic amino acid production[J]. Sci. China Mater., 2021,65(5):1285-1293.
24. [24]
  Sil A, Deck M J, Goldfine E A, Zhang C, Patel S V, Flynn S, Liu H Y, Chien P H, Poeppelmeier K R, Dravid V P, Bedzyk M J, Medvedeva J E, Hu Y Y, Facchetti A, Marks T J. Fluoride doping in crystalline and amorphous indium oxide semiconductors[J]. Chem. Mat., 2022,34(7):3253-3266. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c00053
25. [25]
  YANG F F, ZHAO S X, ZHOU W, NI Z H. Sn doped In₂O₃ catalyst for selective hydrogenation of CO₂ to methanol[J]. CIESC J., 2023,74(6):3366-3374.
26. [26]
  Qi Y H, Jiang J W, Liang X C, Ouyang S X, Mi W B, Ning S B, Zhao L, Ye J H. Fabrication of black In₂O₃ with dense oxygen vacancy through dual functional carbon doping for enhancing photothermal CO₂ hydrogenation[J]. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2021,31(22)2100908. doi: 10.1002/adfm.202100908
27. [27]
  Das A, Liu D Y, Wary R R, Vasenko A S, Prezhdo O V, Nair R G. Enhancement of photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical performance of ZnO by Mg doping: Experimental and density functional theory insights[J]. J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2023,14(18):4134-4141. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00736
28. [28]
  Wang J, Sun K Y, Jia X Y, Liu C J. CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol over Rh/In₂O₃ catalyst[J]. Catal. Today, 2021,365:341-348. doi: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.05.020
29. [29]
  Guo C F, Li L, Chen F, Ning J Q, Zhong Y J, Hu Y. One-step phosphorization preparation of gradient-P-doped CdS/CoP hybrid nanorods having multiple channel charge separation for photocatalytic reduction of water[J]. J. Colloid Interface Sci., 2021,596:431-441. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.170
30. [30]
  Li R, Sun L M, Zhan W W, Li Y A, Wang X J, Han X G. Engineering an effective noble-metal-free photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution: Hollow hexagonal porous micro-rods assembled from In₂O₃@carbon core-shell nanoparticles[J]. J. Mater. Chem. A, 2018,6(32):15747-15754. doi: 10.1039/C8TA04916E
31. [31]
  Shen C Y, Sun K H, Zhang Z T, Rui N, Jia X Y, Mei D H, Liu C J. Highly active Ir/In₂O₃ catalysts for selective hydrogenation of CO₂ to methanol: Experimental and theoretical studies[J]. ACS Catal., 2021,11(7):4036-4046. doi: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05628
32. [32]
  Fan Y J, Wu S F. A graphene-supported copper-based catalyst for the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to form methanol[J]. J. CO2 Util., 2016,16:150-156. doi: 10.1016/j.jcou.2016.07.001
33. [33]
  Rui N, Wang Z Y, Sun K H, Ye J Y, Ge Q F, Liu C J. CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol over Pd/In₂O₃: effects of Pd and oxygen vacancy[J]. Appl. Catal. B-Environ., 2017,218:488-497. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.06.069
34. [34]
  Jia X Y, Sun K H, Wang J, Shen C Y, Liu C J. Selective hydrogenation of CO₂ to methanol over Ni/In₂O₃ catalyst[J]. J. Energy Chem., 2020,50:409-415. doi: 10.1016/j.jechem.2020.03.083
35. [35]
  Yan T J, Li N, Wang L L, Ran W G, Duchesne P N, Wan L L, Nguyen N T, Wang L, Xia M K, Ozin G A. Bismuth atom tailoring of indium oxide surface frustrated Lewis pairs boosts heterogeneous CO₂ photocatalytic hydrogenation[J]. Nat. Commun., 2020,11(1)6095. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19997-y
36. [36]
  Chen Y, Li Y G, Luo N D, Shang W K, Shi S S, Li H J, Liang Y D, Zhou A N. Kinetic comparison of photocatalysis with H₂O₂-free photoFenton process on BiVO₄ and the effective antibiotic degradation[J]. Chem. Eng. J., 2022,429132577. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.132577
37. [37]
  He L, Wood T E, Wu B, Dong Y C, Hoch L B, Reyes L M, Wang D, Kübel C, Qian C X, Jia J, Liao K, Brien P G O', Sandhel A, Loh J Y Y, Szymanski P, Kherani N P, Sum T C, Mims C A, Ozin G A. Spatial separation of charge carriers in In₂O_3-x(OH)_y nanocrystal superstructures for enhanced gas-phase photocatalytic activity[J]. ACS Nano, 2016,10(5):5578-5586. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.6b02346
38. [38]
  Li L, Guo C F, Shen J L, Ning J Q, Zhong Y J, Hu Y. Construction of sugar-gourd-shaped CdS/Co_1-xS hollow hetero-nanostructure as an efficient Z-scheme photocatalyst for hydrogen generation[J]. Chem. Eng. J., 2020,400125925. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2020.125925
39. [39]
  Sayed M, Xu F Y, Kuang P Y, Low J X, Wang S Y, Zhang L Y, Yu J G. Sustained CO₂-photoreduction activity and high selectivity over Mn, C-codoped ZnO core-triple shell hollow spheres[J]. Nat. Commun., 2021,12(1)4936. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-25007-6
40. [40]
  Su T M, Men C Z, Chen L Y, Chu B X, Luo X, Ji H B, Chen J H, Qin Z Z. Sulfur vacancy and Ti₃C₂T_x cocatalyst synergistically boosting interfacial charge transfer in 2D/2D Ti₃C₂T_x/ZnIn₂S₄ heterostructure for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution[J]. Adv. Sci., 2022,92103715. doi: 10.1002/advs.202103715
41. [41]
  Yu X Y, Chen Y J, Zhang Q Y, Yin Y J, Sun D, Ru Y X, Tian G H. Carbon and nitrogen co-doped In₂O₃ porous nanosheets with oxygen vacancies for remarkable photocatalytic CO₂ conversion[J]. Surf. Interfaces, 2023,38102789. doi: 10.1016/j.surfin.2023.102789
42. [42]
  Bai S, Zhang N, Gao C, Xiong Y J. Defect engineering in photocatalytic materials[J]. Nano Energy, 2018,53:296-336. doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.08.058
43. [43]
  Pan R R, Liu J, Zhang J T. Defect engineering in 2D photocatalytic materials for CO₂ reduction[J]. ChemNanoMat, 2021,7(7):737-747. doi: 10.1002/cnma.202100087
44. [44]
  Sun K H, Rui N, Zang Z T, Sun Z Y, Ge Q F, Liu C J. A highly active Pt/In₂O₃ catalyst for CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol with enhanced stability[J]. Green Chem., 2020,22(15):5059-5066. doi: 10.1039/D0GC01597K
1. [1]
  Lina Guo , Ruizhe Li , Chuang Sun , Xiaoli Luo , Yiqiu Shi , Hong Yuan , Shuxin Ouyang , Tierui Zhang . 层状双金属氢氧化物的层间阴离子对衍生的Ni-Al₂O₃催化剂光热催化CO₂甲烷化反应的影响. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(1): 2309002-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202309002
2. [2]
  Zhuoyan Lv , Yangming Ding , Leilei Kang , Lin Li , Xiao Yan Liu , Aiqin Wang , Tao Zhang . Light-Enhanced Direct Epoxidation of Propylene by Molecular Oxygen over CuO_x/TiO₂ Catalyst. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(4): 100038-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202408015
3. [3]
  Qin Hu , Liuyun Chen , Xinling Xie , Zuzeng Qin , Hongbing Ji , Tongming Su . Ni掺杂构建电子桥及激活MoS₂惰性基面增强光催化分解水产氢. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(11): 2406024-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202406024
4. [4]
  Liuyun Chen , Wenju Wang , Tairong Lu , Xuan Luo , Xinling Xie , Kelin Huang , Shanli Qin , Tongming Su , Zuzeng Qin , Hongbing Ji . 软模板法诱导Cu/Al₂O₃深孔道结构促进等离子催化CO₂加氢制二甲醚. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(6): 100054-. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100054
5. [5]
  Xin Han , Zhihao Cheng , Jinfeng Zhang , Jie Liu , Cheng Zhong , Wenbin Hu . Design of Amorphous High-Entropy FeCoCrMnBS (Oxy) Hydroxides for Boosting Oxygen Evolution Reaction. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(4): 100033-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202404023
6. [6]
  Peng ZHOU , Xiao CAI , Qingxiang MA , Xu LIU . Effects of Cu doping on the structure and optical properties of Au₁₁(dppf)₄Cl₂ nanocluster. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(7): 1254-1260. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240047
7. [7]
  Fan JIA , Wenbao XU , Fangbin LIU , Haihua ZHANG , Hongbing FU . Synthesis and electroluminescence properties of Mn²⁺ doped quasi-two-dimensional perovskites (PEA)₂Pb_yMn_1-yBr₄. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(6): 1114-1122. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230473
8. [8]
  Li Jiang , Changzheng Chen , Yang Su , Hao Song , Yanmao Dong , Yan Yuan , Li Li . Electrochemical Synthesis of Polyaniline and Its Anticorrosive Application: Improvement and Innovative Design of the “Chemical Synthesis of Polyaniline” Experiment. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(3): 336-344. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202309002
9. [9]
  Qinjin DAI , Shan FAN , Pengyang FAN , Xiaoying ZHENG , Wei DONG , Mengxue WANG , Yong ZHANG . Performance of oxygen vacancy-rich V-doped MnO₂ for high-performance aqueous zinc ion battery. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(3): 453-460. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240326
10. [10]
  Xianghai Song , Xiaoying Liu , Zhixiang Ren , Xiang Liu , Mei Wang , Yuanfeng Wu , Weiqiang Zhou , Zhi Zhu , Pengwei Huo . 氮掺杂显著提升BiOBr光催化还原CO₂性能研究. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(6): 100055-. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100055
11. [11]
  Hailang JIA , Hongcheng LI , Pengcheng JI , Yang TENG , Mingyun GUAN . Preparation and performance of N-doped carbon nanotubes composite Co₃O₄ as oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(4): 693-700. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230402
12. [12]
  Xiaoning TANG , Shu XIA , Jie LEI , Xingfu YANG , Qiuyang LUO , Junnan LIU , An XUE . Fluorine-doped MnO₂ with oxygen vacancy for stabilizing Zn-ion batteries. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(9): 1671-1678. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240149
13. [13]
  Kai CHEN , Fengshun WU , Shun XIAO , Jinbao ZHANG , Lihua ZHU . PtRu/nitrogen-doped carbon for electrocatalytic methanol oxidation and hydrogen evolution by water electrolysis. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(7): 1357-1367. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230350
14. [14]
  Bo YANG , Gongxuan LÜ , Jiantai MA . Nickel phosphide modified phosphorus doped gallium oxide for visible light photocatalytic water splitting to hydrogen. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(4): 736-750. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230346
15. [15]
  Yadan Luo , Hao Zheng , Xin Li , Fengmin Li , Hua Tang , Xilin She . 调节O,S共掺杂C₃N₄中的活性氧生成以促进光催化降解微塑料. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(6): 100052-. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100052
16. [16]
  Zhuoya WANG , Le HE , Zhiquan LIN , Yingxi WANG , Ling LI . Multifunctional nanozyme Prussian blue modified copper peroxide: Synthesis and photothermal enhanced catalytic therapy of self-provided hydrogen peroxide. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(12): 2445-2454. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240194
17. [17]
  Kaihui Huang , Dejun Chen , Xin Zhang , Rongchen Shen , Peng Zhang , Difa Xu , Xin Li . Constructing Covalent Triazine Frameworks/N-Doped Carbon-Coated Cu₂O S-Scheme Heterojunctions for Boosting Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(12): 2407020-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202407020
18. [18]
  Wei Zhong , Dan Zheng , Yuanxin Ou , Aiyun Meng , Yaorong Su . K原子掺杂高度面间结晶的g-C₃N₄光催化剂及其高效H₂O₂光合成. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(11): 2406005-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202406005
19. [19]
  Kun WANG , Wenrui LIU , Peng JIANG , Yuhang SONG , Lihua CHEN , Zhao DENG . Hierarchical hollow structured BiOBr-Pt catalysts for photocatalytic CO₂ reduction. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(7): 1270-1278. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240037
20. [20]
  Xuejiao Wang , Suiying Dong , Kezhen Qi , Vadim Popkov , Xianglin Xiang . Photocatalytic CO₂ Reduction by Modified g-C₃N₄. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(12): 2408005-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202408005

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(16)
Abstract views(590)
HTML views(121)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Photothermal catalytic CO2 hydrogenation over a Mg-doped In2O3-x catalyst

Metrics

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Photothermal catalytic CO₂ hydrogenation over a Mg-doped In₂O_3-x catalyst