Citation: Chen-zhi Yao, Xiao-rui Wang, Jin-ming Hu, Shi-yong Liu. Cooperative Modulation of Bilayer Permeability and Microstructures of Polymersomes[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, ;2019, 50(6): 553-566. doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2019.19031 shu

Cooperative Modulation of Bilayer Permeability and Microstructures of Polymersomes

CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026

Corresponding author: Shi-yong Liu, sliu@ustc.edu.cn
Received Date: 10 February 2019
Revised Date: 26 March 2019
Available Online: 26 April 2019

Polymersomes, also referred to as polymer vesicles, are self-assembled from amphiphilic synthetic polymers, representing a type of hollow nanostructures containing aqueous lumens enclosed by bilayer membranes. This unique hollow and compartmentalized structure has been extensively used in the fabrication of artificial cells, drug carriers, and nanoreactors. Albeit more stable than liposomes, polymersomes exhibit relatively low permeability toward macromolecules, small molecules, ions, and even water molecules. This drawback remarkably hampers the biomedical applications of polymersomes. Thus, it is of crucial importance to regulate the permeability of polymersomes while maintaining structural integrity. Although a number of methods have been proposed to enhance the permeability of polymersomes such as the fabrication of stimuli-responsive polymersomes and the introduction of channel proteins, these procedures suffer from either tedious protocols or disruption of the vesicular structures. In this feature article, we summarize our recent achievements in the (ir)reversible regulation of the permeability of polymersomes. First, we conceived a new concept, termed as " traceless” cross-linking, to synergistically stabilize and permeate polymersomes. This concept originates from photoresponsive polymersomes, in which we found that the photo-caged primary amines underwent inter/intrachain amidation reactions other than protonation reactions within the initially hydrophobic bilayer membranes. Moreover, this robust strategy can be readily extended to other bio-related triggering events such as enzyme and redox. Notably, " traceless” cross-linking generally led to irreversible chemical cross-linking of polymersomes. Thus, in the following section, we showcased the representative examples in reversible modulation the permeability of polymersomes by taking advantage of cooperative noncovalent interactions. These new methodologies successfully resolve the dilemma of the structural stability and bilayer permeability of polymersomes and can be used for the fabrication of smart nanocarriers and nanoreactors. Finally, we give a brief summary and outlook of this emerging field.
- Traceless cross-linking,
- Polymersomes,
- Stability,
- Permeability,
- Synergistic modulation
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