Citation: Zhen-an Wang, Nan Li, Wang-yang Lu, Wen-xing Chen. Highly-efficient Fabrication and Crystallinity and Orientation of Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, ;2018, 0(6): 755-764. doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2017.17226 shu

Highly-efficient Fabrication and Crystallinity and Orientation of Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers

National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials & Processing Technology (Zhejiang), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018

Corresponding author: Nan Li, linan@zstu.edu.cn Wen-xing Chen, wxchen@zstu.edu.cn
Received Date: 14 August 2017
Revised Date: 21 September 2017
Available Online: 1 March 2018

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor nanofibers are prepared by traditional electrospinning and the centrifugal spinning, respectively. The nanofiber bundles are drawn in hot air with a constant force into 1 and 3 times of the original length. Subsequently, the crystalline structure, orientation, morphology, diameter of PAN nanofibers before and after drawing treatment were characterized by WAXD and SEM. The results show that: (1) the efficiency of centrifugal-electrospinning is far higher (120 times) than that of electrospinning (fluid flow rate of centrifugal-electrospinning: 2 mL/min, fluid flow rate of electrospinning: 1 mL/h). (2) Despite a low crystallinity from centrifugal spinning or electrospinning (the crystallinity of the PAN nanofiber precursor by centrifugal spinning is 25%, while that by electrospinning is 10.6%). PAN precursor nanofibers prepared by centrifugal spinning have certain orientation (60.5%); while those prepared by electrospinning have almost no orientation; (3) Hot-air-drawing with a constant force (1.00 N) contributes to a higher crystallinity (centrifugal spinning: 45.8%, electrospinning: 36.2%) and orientation (centrifugal spinning: 72.5%, electrospinning: 59.8%) for the PAN nanofibers. Moreover, increased drawing temperature and force results in a decrease in the diameter of the PAN nanofiber bundles (the diameter of PAN nanofibers prepared by centrifugal spinning decreases from 675 nm to 510 nm; while that by electrospinning decreases from 460 nm to 355 nm). Compared with the slight effect of the spinning process on crystalline structure and orientation, the hot-air drawing treatment significantly promotes the crystalline and orientation. The centrifugal force is helpful to eliminate the whip phenomenon and to make a full drawing of jet flow, finally leading to a higher certain orientation for the polymer chains of PAN nanofibers.
- Centrifugal spinning,
- Electrospinning,
- Polyacrylonitrile,
- Crystallinity and orientation
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