Citation: Wei-wei Li, Hong-liang Kang, Jian Xu, Rui-gang Liu. Microstructures of High-strength High-modulus Carbon Fibers and High-modulus Carbon Fibers[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, ;2018, (3): 380-388. doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2017.17102 shu

Microstructures of High-strength High-modulus Carbon Fibers and High-modulus Carbon Fibers

1.
Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049

Corresponding author: Rui-gang Liu, rgliu@iccas.ac.cn
Received Date: 24 April 2017
Revised Date: 19 May 2017

The differences between the microstructure and composition of high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers and those of high-modulus carbon fibers, both domestic products, are presented by laser micro-Raman scattering (Raman), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), elemental analysis (EA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The results show that the graphite crystallites in high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers are fine (L_a = 0.543 nm, L_c = 0.301 nm). There are many defects in the plane and at the edge of the graphite sheets. On one hand, the small graphite crystallites are linked to each other by sp³ amorphous carbons, which are shown as the wave-like and winkled ribbons in TEM images. The defects in the micro-crystallites, mainly composed of non-conjugated carbon atoms and oxygenated/nitrous carbon, cause a relative larger space between graphite layers (d₀₀₂ = 0.343 nm) with a lower degree of graphitization (R = 1.15). The fine crystallites and defect structures have a larger orientation angle (Z = 10.33°) of (002) crystal face of the graphite crystallites in the high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers. In addition, the microvoids in the high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers are smaller in size (L = 74.7 nm) and larger in orientation angle (B_eq = 9.97º) than those in high-modulus carbon fibers, which attributes to the mergence and development of the microvoids at the interface of graphite crystallites resulted from exhausting of the non-carbon elements during the heat treatment. The high-modulus carbon fibers have a higher degree of graphitization (R = 0.29), and the graphite crystallites are bulky and stacked orderly (L_a = 0.687 nm, L_c = 0.484 nm, d₀₀₂ = 0.337 nm, Z = 9.77º). Moreover, the cracks and microvoids in high-modulus carbon fibers are larger in sizes (L = 102.4 nm) and smaller in orientation angle (B_eq = 8.11º) than those in the high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers. The hierarchical structure in the high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers, including the microcrystalline structure, the microvoids and the nitrogen/oxygen doped graphite sheets, offers various paths to dispersing the stress during the stretching process of the carbon fibers, which leads to large elongation and high tensile strength for the carbon fibers.
- High-strength high-modulus carbon fibers,
- High-modulus carbon fibers,
- Microcrystalline structure,
- Crystal defects
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142