Citation: Gaowa Xing, Yuxuan Li, Hongren Yao, Qiang Zhang, Zengnan Wu, Caihou Lin, Jin-Ming Lin. Tryptophan accumulation and inflammation of glioblastoma cells in a multicomponent microchip for gut-brain-axis simulation[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2025, 36(12): 111035. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111035 shu

Tryptophan accumulation and inflammation of glioblastoma cells in a multicomponent microchip for gut-brain-axis simulation

Gaowa Xing ^{a, b, 1} ,
Yuxuan Li ^{b, 1} ,
Hongren Yao ^b ,
Qiang Zhang ^b ,
Zengnan Wu ^b ,
Caihou Lin ^{c, *,} ,
Jin-Ming Lin ^{b, *,}

a.
College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecology-Toxicological Effects & Control for Emerging Contaminants, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Information Atlas (Putian University) Fujian Provincial University, Putian University, Putian 351100, China
b.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalysis Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 China
c.
Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China

grouplin@fjmu.edu.cn

jmlin@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

Received Date: 19 August 2024
Revised Date: 27 January 2025
Accepted Date: 4 March 2025
Available Online: 5 March 2025

Figures(4)

Inflammation is often accompanied by glioblastoma cells (GBMs) and is considered a key factor for GBM growth. This feature is believed to be connected with the tryptophan pathway mainly affected by intestinal microbes since the concept of gut-brain axis (GBA) has been proposed. Here we present a microchip model co-culturing intestinal cells (Caco2), microbes (E. coli), and GBM cells (U87) to study inflammatory responses of GBM by investigating the tryptophan metabolism. E. coli after encapsulating with alginate hydrogel microparticles (AHMPs) was seeded in the microchip where Caco2 was located, forming the simulated system of intestinal physiology and avoiding excessive reproduction of microbes. Continuous flow was applied to maintain the cell viability, induce the morphogenesis, and simulate the tryptophan transportation in GBA. The morphological alterations of Caco2 and U87 were characterized by fluorescence imaging and the tryptophan metabolism, especially the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway, was analyzed by LC-MS. Above these results of molecular analysis and cell behavior, we can conclude that GBM inflammation is induced by tryptophan accumulation. This microchip-based model generally provides an alternative method for in vitro research of interactions in GBA.
- Multicomponent microchip,
- Gut-brain-axis,
- Tryptophan metabolism,
- Inflammation,
- LC-MS
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