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2014 Volume 31 Issue 3
2014, 31(3): 245-255
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30172
Abstract:
Preparation and performances of γ-polyglutamic acid(γ-PGA) hydrogel were introduced systematically in this paper,including biodegradability,high water absorption and moisture retention,pH sensitivity,biocompatibility and modifiability.A comprehensive review of γ-PGA hydrogel in tissue engineering,drug delivery,wound healing and other applications was given.In addition,combined with the work of the authors,the future development of γ-PGA hydrogel was prospected.
Preparation and performances of γ-polyglutamic acid(γ-PGA) hydrogel were introduced systematically in this paper,including biodegradability,high water absorption and moisture retention,pH sensitivity,biocompatibility and modifiability.A comprehensive review of γ-PGA hydrogel in tissue engineering,drug delivery,wound healing and other applications was given.In addition,combined with the work of the authors,the future development of γ-PGA hydrogel was prospected.
2014, 31(3): 256-261
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30213
Abstract:
A novel anionic epoxy emulsifier EP-D was synthesized by epoxy resin E-44,2-amino-5-sulfobenzoic acid,ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and butyl alcohol.Nonionic epoxy emulsifier EP-PEG was synthesized from E-44 and poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG6000) with molar ratio of 2:1.EP-D/EP-PEG composite emulsifiers were obtained by mixing EP-D and EP-PEG with different mass ratio.The emulsifying properties and emulsion surface tension,electric conductivity,the Zeta potential and particle size of colloidal particles were studied when the addition amount of EP-D/EP-PEG or EP-PEG was 6%~12% respectively.The best performance of epoxy emulsion was observed when the mass ratio of EP-D and EP-PEG was 3:5,and their total quantity reached to 9%.Compared with EP-PEG emulsion system,EP-D/EP-PEG emulsion system led to less emulsifier dosage,better emulsion spreadability,higher stability,and elevation of the solid content by more than 10% in phase inversion,The Zeta potential of the epoxy colloidal particles of reached to-41.9 mV.The emulsion particles size decreased to 342 nm.The emulsion surface tension decreased to 25.5 mN/m.The viscosity was reduced to 14 mPa·s.These indicate that a waterborne epoxy emulsion with good stability and high solid content can be obtained from EP-D/EP-PEG composite emulsifier by mixing new synthetic emulsifiers EP-D and EP-PEG.
A novel anionic epoxy emulsifier EP-D was synthesized by epoxy resin E-44,2-amino-5-sulfobenzoic acid,ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and butyl alcohol.Nonionic epoxy emulsifier EP-PEG was synthesized from E-44 and poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG6000) with molar ratio of 2:1.EP-D/EP-PEG composite emulsifiers were obtained by mixing EP-D and EP-PEG with different mass ratio.The emulsifying properties and emulsion surface tension,electric conductivity,the Zeta potential and particle size of colloidal particles were studied when the addition amount of EP-D/EP-PEG or EP-PEG was 6%~12% respectively.The best performance of epoxy emulsion was observed when the mass ratio of EP-D and EP-PEG was 3:5,and their total quantity reached to 9%.Compared with EP-PEG emulsion system,EP-D/EP-PEG emulsion system led to less emulsifier dosage,better emulsion spreadability,higher stability,and elevation of the solid content by more than 10% in phase inversion,The Zeta potential of the epoxy colloidal particles of reached to-41.9 mV.The emulsion particles size decreased to 342 nm.The emulsion surface tension decreased to 25.5 mN/m.The viscosity was reduced to 14 mPa·s.These indicate that a waterborne epoxy emulsion with good stability and high solid content can be obtained from EP-D/EP-PEG composite emulsifier by mixing new synthetic emulsifiers EP-D and EP-PEG.
2014, 31(3): 262-267
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30218
Abstract:
An efficient synthesis of deuterium labeled crystal violet[D6]with CD3OD as the common substrate was developed via esterification,N-methylation and condensation.Taking advantage of the uniform design method,the effects of feed ratio,the amount of phosphorus oxychloride,reaction temperature and reaction time on the yield of crystal violet were investigated.The optimized reaction parameters were found by using quadratic polynomial regression analysis based on the data obtained from experiments.The target product was characterized by MS,NMR and HPLC.Its chemical purities is higher than 98.0% and isotopic enrichment is higher than 99.5%(atom D).This product could be used as an internal standard in the field of food safety.
An efficient synthesis of deuterium labeled crystal violet[D6]with CD3OD as the common substrate was developed via esterification,N-methylation and condensation.Taking advantage of the uniform design method,the effects of feed ratio,the amount of phosphorus oxychloride,reaction temperature and reaction time on the yield of crystal violet were investigated.The optimized reaction parameters were found by using quadratic polynomial regression analysis based on the data obtained from experiments.The target product was characterized by MS,NMR and HPLC.Its chemical purities is higher than 98.0% and isotopic enrichment is higher than 99.5%(atom D).This product could be used as an internal standard in the field of food safety.
2014, 31(3): 268-273
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30263
Abstract:
Synthesis of cyclic carbonate from styrene and CO2 gives a simple route that avoids the preliminary synthesis and isolation of epoxides.This direct synthesis route for cyclic carbonate from olefin is not only energy saving but also simple and economical.Herein,we synthesized various metal-dopped MCM-41 such as M-MCM-41(M=Co,Fe,Ni,Cu,Ti),and Co-MCM-41 catalyst showed the highest selectivity and yield to styrene epoxide among the various catalysts in the epoxidation of styrene.Then Co-MCM-41 was chosen to combine with tetrabutylammonium bromide(TBAB) to catalyze the direct oxidative carboxylation in one-pot.It was found that the Co-MCM-41/TBAB catalysts efficiently catalyzed the direct oxidative carboxylation of styrene to styrene carbonate.An improved styrene carbonate yield of 46.1% was obtained under mild reaction conditions of 80℃,7 h,and 4 MPa CO2 pressure.It was found that Co-MCM-41 catalyzed the first epoxidation reaction and TBAB catalyzed the second cycloaddition reaction of CO2.
Synthesis of cyclic carbonate from styrene and CO2 gives a simple route that avoids the preliminary synthesis and isolation of epoxides.This direct synthesis route for cyclic carbonate from olefin is not only energy saving but also simple and economical.Herein,we synthesized various metal-dopped MCM-41 such as M-MCM-41(M=Co,Fe,Ni,Cu,Ti),and Co-MCM-41 catalyst showed the highest selectivity and yield to styrene epoxide among the various catalysts in the epoxidation of styrene.Then Co-MCM-41 was chosen to combine with tetrabutylammonium bromide(TBAB) to catalyze the direct oxidative carboxylation in one-pot.It was found that the Co-MCM-41/TBAB catalysts efficiently catalyzed the direct oxidative carboxylation of styrene to styrene carbonate.An improved styrene carbonate yield of 46.1% was obtained under mild reaction conditions of 80℃,7 h,and 4 MPa CO2 pressure.It was found that Co-MCM-41 catalyzed the first epoxidation reaction and TBAB catalyzed the second cycloaddition reaction of CO2.
2014, 31(3): 274-278
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30205
Abstract:
A series of catalysts,mesoporous molecular sieves(Al-SAB-15) supported copper oxide(CuO/AlSBA-15) with different copper content and Si/Al mass ratios,was characterized by small X-ray diffraction,N2 adsorption-desorption and the catalytic activity in the phenol hydroxylation reaction.The mesostructure was found to become disordered with the copper content increasing.High catalytic conversion up to 61.2% was achieved with 3% copper.A 57.9% conversion for the phenol hydroxylation with the catalyst supported on Al-SAB-15 is higher than the 43.6% conversion with the catalyst supported on SBA-15 after 5 recycles.This may be attributed to the increased surface charges associated with Al cations and the resulted uniformly dispersed Cu.
A series of catalysts,mesoporous molecular sieves(Al-SAB-15) supported copper oxide(CuO/AlSBA-15) with different copper content and Si/Al mass ratios,was characterized by small X-ray diffraction,N2 adsorption-desorption and the catalytic activity in the phenol hydroxylation reaction.The mesostructure was found to become disordered with the copper content increasing.High catalytic conversion up to 61.2% was achieved with 3% copper.A 57.9% conversion for the phenol hydroxylation with the catalyst supported on Al-SAB-15 is higher than the 43.6% conversion with the catalyst supported on SBA-15 after 5 recycles.This may be attributed to the increased surface charges associated with Al cations and the resulted uniformly dispersed Cu.
2014, 31(3): 279-284
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30335
Abstract:
A molybdenum-tungsten mixed-coordinated polyoxometalate,3-(1-heptyl-3-methyl-imidazolium) heteropolyoxomolybdotungstate [Smim]3[PMoW3O24] was synthesized and characterized.The epoxidation of alkenes was successfully catalyzed by a recyclable and environmentally benign catalytic system:[Smim]3[PMoW3O24]/UHP(urea-hydrogen peroxide)/[Smim]PF6/cyclohexene.This catalytic system not only catalyzes homogeneous epoxidation of cyclohexene,but also uses recyclable room temperature ionic liquid as a novel solvent instead of conventional organic reaction media.The yield could reach more than 93%.The catalyst and ionic liquid could be easily recovered and reused after the reaction.
A molybdenum-tungsten mixed-coordinated polyoxometalate,3-(1-heptyl-3-methyl-imidazolium) heteropolyoxomolybdotungstate [Smim]3[PMoW3O24] was synthesized and characterized.The epoxidation of alkenes was successfully catalyzed by a recyclable and environmentally benign catalytic system:[Smim]3[PMoW3O24]/UHP(urea-hydrogen peroxide)/[Smim]PF6/cyclohexene.This catalytic system not only catalyzes homogeneous epoxidation of cyclohexene,but also uses recyclable room temperature ionic liquid as a novel solvent instead of conventional organic reaction media.The yield could reach more than 93%.The catalyst and ionic liquid could be easily recovered and reused after the reaction.
2014, 31(3): 285-289
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30212
Abstract:
Tri(o-bromobenzyl) tin bromide was reacted with 1-pyrrolidinecarbodithioicacid sodium salt to synthesize tri(o-bromobenzyl) tin dithiotetrahydropyrrolocarbamate.The crystal structure of tri(o-bromobenzyl) tin dithiotetrahydropyrrolocarbamate was determined by X-ray diffraction.The compound crystallizes in triclinic space group P1 with cell parameters of a=0.91354(11) nm,b=1.07313(13) nm,c=1.52677(18) nm,α=75.440(6)°,β=89.499(6)°,γ=72.515(7)°,V=1.3781(3) nm3,Z=2,Dc=1.868 g/cm3,μ(MoKα)=54.43 cm-1,F(000)=752,R1=0.0320,wR2=0.0765.The tin atom of the compound has a distorted tetrahedral geometry.The stabilities,some frontier molecular orbital energies and composition characteristics of some frontier molecular orbital of the complex were also investigated.Furthermore,the anticancer activity of the complexes was tested.
Tri(o-bromobenzyl) tin bromide was reacted with 1-pyrrolidinecarbodithioicacid sodium salt to synthesize tri(o-bromobenzyl) tin dithiotetrahydropyrrolocarbamate.The crystal structure of tri(o-bromobenzyl) tin dithiotetrahydropyrrolocarbamate was determined by X-ray diffraction.The compound crystallizes in triclinic space group P1 with cell parameters of a=0.91354(11) nm,b=1.07313(13) nm,c=1.52677(18) nm,α=75.440(6)°,β=89.499(6)°,γ=72.515(7)°,V=1.3781(3) nm3,Z=2,Dc=1.868 g/cm3,μ(MoKα)=54.43 cm-1,F(000)=752,R1=0.0320,wR2=0.0765.The tin atom of the compound has a distorted tetrahedral geometry.The stabilities,some frontier molecular orbital energies and composition characteristics of some frontier molecular orbital of the complex were also investigated.Furthermore,the anticancer activity of the complexes was tested.
2014, 31(3): 290-295
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30177
Abstract:
2-(4-Methoxyphenyl) imidazole[4,5-f]1,10-phenanthroline was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR,elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction.The structure analysis revealed that each molecule formed two N——H…N hydrogen bonds with two adjacent molecules.Two types of π-π stacking modes were also observed in the title compound.N——H…N hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions extend along the crystallographic c-axis and a-axis,respectively,which allows the title compound to assemble into a novel two-dimensional supramolecular architecture.The herbicidal activity of the title compound on Echinochloa crusgalli(L.) Beauv.,Lagopsis supine and Lactuca sativa were carried out by the method of grinded plant tissue powder mixed with agar(PPA).The results show that the growth of Echinochloa crusgalli(L.) Beauv.and Lagopsis supine is inhibited while the growth of Lactuca sativa is promoted by the title compound.
2-(4-Methoxyphenyl) imidazole[4,5-f]1,10-phenanthroline was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR,elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction.The structure analysis revealed that each molecule formed two N——H…N hydrogen bonds with two adjacent molecules.Two types of π-π stacking modes were also observed in the title compound.N——H…N hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions extend along the crystallographic c-axis and a-axis,respectively,which allows the title compound to assemble into a novel two-dimensional supramolecular architecture.The herbicidal activity of the title compound on Echinochloa crusgalli(L.) Beauv.,Lagopsis supine and Lactuca sativa were carried out by the method of grinded plant tissue powder mixed with agar(PPA).The results show that the growth of Echinochloa crusgalli(L.) Beauv.and Lagopsis supine is inhibited while the growth of Lactuca sativa is promoted by the title compound.
2014, 31(3): 296-302
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30202
Abstract:
A Cu(Ⅱ)-aspirin complex has been synthesized and characterized by IR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses.The complex crystallizes in monoclinic space group P21/n with cell parameters of a=8.211(5) nm,b=10.419(5) nm,c=21.003(5) nm,β=98.021(5)°,V=1779.2(14) nm3,Z=4.The interactions of the complex with ct-DNA were studied by UV,fluorescence spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry method.At the same time,the antitumor activities of the complex against MCF-7 and MGC-803 cell lines were tested by MTT assay.The in vitro inhibitory ratios against two tumor cell lines are 80.01% and 70.16% at concentration of 120 μmol/L,respectively.
A Cu(Ⅱ)-aspirin complex has been synthesized and characterized by IR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses.The complex crystallizes in monoclinic space group P21/n with cell parameters of a=8.211(5) nm,b=10.419(5) nm,c=21.003(5) nm,β=98.021(5)°,V=1779.2(14) nm3,Z=4.The interactions of the complex with ct-DNA were studied by UV,fluorescence spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry method.At the same time,the antitumor activities of the complex against MCF-7 and MGC-803 cell lines were tested by MTT assay.The in vitro inhibitory ratios against two tumor cell lines are 80.01% and 70.16% at concentration of 120 μmol/L,respectively.
2014, 31(3): 303-309
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30166
Abstract:
Two salen-type ligands and their metal complexes(ML1 and ML2,M=Cu or Ni,L1=N,N'-bis(4-hydroxysalicylidene)-2,2'-biphenyldiamine,L2=N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-salicylidene)-2,2'-biphenyldiamine) with tetradentate N2O2 coordinate mode were synthesized.These complexes were characterized with 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance(1H NMR),ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy(UV-Vis),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),mass spectrometry(MS),and elemental analyses.The electrochemical properties of the synthesized complexes were also studied by cyclic voltammetry(CV).The CV curves of CuL2 and NiL1 only contained a one-electron quasi-reversible redox peak in the range of -1.5~+1.5 V.In contrast,two redox peaks were observed in the CV curve of NiL2.
Two salen-type ligands and their metal complexes(ML1 and ML2,M=Cu or Ni,L1=N,N'-bis(4-hydroxysalicylidene)-2,2'-biphenyldiamine,L2=N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-salicylidene)-2,2'-biphenyldiamine) with tetradentate N2O2 coordinate mode were synthesized.These complexes were characterized with 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance(1H NMR),ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy(UV-Vis),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),mass spectrometry(MS),and elemental analyses.The electrochemical properties of the synthesized complexes were also studied by cyclic voltammetry(CV).The CV curves of CuL2 and NiL1 only contained a one-electron quasi-reversible redox peak in the range of -1.5~+1.5 V.In contrast,two redox peaks were observed in the CV curve of NiL2.
2014, 31(3): 310-315
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30201
Abstract:
A novel high-performance Sm-N-P-TiO2 nano-photocatalyst was successfully prepared by a modified sol-hydrothermal technique.Influence of condition factors on the photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol(4-CP) solution under simulated sunlight irradiation was investigated.Comparative research on the photoactivities of different catalysts was also carried out.The degrading reaction fits the first-order kinetics well under experimental conditions,and the degradation rate decreases with the increase of solution concentration.After irradiation under a 500 W Xenon lamp for 2 h,4-CP completely decomposed with the first order reaction rate constant(Kapp) of 5.32×10-2 min-1 under the such conditions as initial concentration of 4-CP of 40 mg/L,Sm-N-P-TiO2 dosage of 1.5 g/L,pH value of 5.2,solution temperature of 36℃.The photoactivity of Sm-N-P-TiO2 is 3.49 times that of mixed-phase titania(P25).The TOC removal efficiency reaches 96.8%.
A novel high-performance Sm-N-P-TiO2 nano-photocatalyst was successfully prepared by a modified sol-hydrothermal technique.Influence of condition factors on the photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol(4-CP) solution under simulated sunlight irradiation was investigated.Comparative research on the photoactivities of different catalysts was also carried out.The degrading reaction fits the first-order kinetics well under experimental conditions,and the degradation rate decreases with the increase of solution concentration.After irradiation under a 500 W Xenon lamp for 2 h,4-CP completely decomposed with the first order reaction rate constant(Kapp) of 5.32×10-2 min-1 under the such conditions as initial concentration of 4-CP of 40 mg/L,Sm-N-P-TiO2 dosage of 1.5 g/L,pH value of 5.2,solution temperature of 36℃.The photoactivity of Sm-N-P-TiO2 is 3.49 times that of mixed-phase titania(P25).The TOC removal efficiency reaches 96.8%.
2014, 31(3): 316-322
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30215
Abstract:
Lamella flower-like ZnO was prepared in a large-scale via a simple wet chemical method at room temperature(25℃) using polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) as template and zinc nitrate and sodium hydroxide as source materials.The effects of experimental parameters such as the amounts of reagents,the reaction time and temperature on the morphologies and structures of as-products were investigated in detail.The crystal features and morphologies of the products were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM),respectively.It was found that flower-like ZnO shows higher photocatalytic activity towards the degradation of rhodamine B under UV irradiation compared to commercial ZnO.The degradation efficiency of flower-like ZnO is up to 98.6% within 140 min.
Lamella flower-like ZnO was prepared in a large-scale via a simple wet chemical method at room temperature(25℃) using polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) as template and zinc nitrate and sodium hydroxide as source materials.The effects of experimental parameters such as the amounts of reagents,the reaction time and temperature on the morphologies and structures of as-products were investigated in detail.The crystal features and morphologies of the products were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM),respectively.It was found that flower-like ZnO shows higher photocatalytic activity towards the degradation of rhodamine B under UV irradiation compared to commercial ZnO.The degradation efficiency of flower-like ZnO is up to 98.6% within 140 min.
2014, 31(3): 323-327
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30159
Abstract:
Silver/silica composite core-shell nanoparticles(Ag@SiO2) with different silica shell thickness were prepared by sol-gel technology.Their localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR) properties and refractive index sensitivities(RIS) were studied.With increasing of silica shell thickness,LSPR peak first got a red-shift.When silica shell thickness was 65 nm,the maximal shift about 50 nm had been reached.With further increase of shell thickness,LSPR peak shown blue-shift.LSPR peak became illegible when the shell thickness reached 120 nm.We also observed that RIS of silver nanoparticles decreased with increasing shell thickness.
Silver/silica composite core-shell nanoparticles(Ag@SiO2) with different silica shell thickness were prepared by sol-gel technology.Their localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR) properties and refractive index sensitivities(RIS) were studied.With increasing of silica shell thickness,LSPR peak first got a red-shift.When silica shell thickness was 65 nm,the maximal shift about 50 nm had been reached.With further increase of shell thickness,LSPR peak shown blue-shift.LSPR peak became illegible when the shell thickness reached 120 nm.We also observed that RIS of silver nanoparticles decreased with increasing shell thickness.
2014, 31(3): 328-335
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30181
Abstract:
The NiO nanoflowers and NiO/reduced graphene oxide(rGO) composite were synthesized by a facile solvothermal process following thermal treatments.In the NiO/rGO composite,rGO was used as the substrate to fix NiO while the NiO acted as the spacer to prevent the aggregation of rGO.The composition,morphology and microstructure of the as-obtained samples were systematically characterized by thermogravimetric(TG) analysis,field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD).When NiO/rGO composite(the mass ratio of NiO to rGO is up to 82.7:17.3) was used as a single electrode,it exhibited excellent electrochemical performance.At 1 A/g,the initial specific capacitance was 514.9 F/g.When the material was fully activated,the specific capacitance was high(up to 600 F/g).Meanwhile,at the current density of 10 A/g,there is 83.5% retention in the capacitance relative to 1 A/g.In addition,the electrode material exhibits excellent recyclic stability,the capacitance decay rate is only 7.4% after 6000 cycles.Thus,the as-prepared composite has the practical value in supercapacitors.
The NiO nanoflowers and NiO/reduced graphene oxide(rGO) composite were synthesized by a facile solvothermal process following thermal treatments.In the NiO/rGO composite,rGO was used as the substrate to fix NiO while the NiO acted as the spacer to prevent the aggregation of rGO.The composition,morphology and microstructure of the as-obtained samples were systematically characterized by thermogravimetric(TG) analysis,field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD).When NiO/rGO composite(the mass ratio of NiO to rGO is up to 82.7:17.3) was used as a single electrode,it exhibited excellent electrochemical performance.At 1 A/g,the initial specific capacitance was 514.9 F/g.When the material was fully activated,the specific capacitance was high(up to 600 F/g).Meanwhile,at the current density of 10 A/g,there is 83.5% retention in the capacitance relative to 1 A/g.In addition,the electrode material exhibits excellent recyclic stability,the capacitance decay rate is only 7.4% after 6000 cycles.Thus,the as-prepared composite has the practical value in supercapacitors.
2014, 31(3): 336-341
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30225
Abstract:
A Pd nanopaticles modified polyaniline/polysulfone(PAN/PSF) composite film with three dimensional network structure(Pd/PAN/PSF) was prepared by using electropolymerization at the surface of Pt electrode.Its morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy.The results indicate that the composite film has a bi-layer structure with asymmetrical pores,and Pd nanoparticles with a small size are symmetrically dispersed in the film modified electrodes.The composite film effectively improved the dispersion of Pd and electrode structure.Compared with the Pd/PAN electrode fabricated by direct electrodeposition,the Pd/PAN/PSF composite film modified electrode exhibits better electrocatalytic activity and good stability than that of Pd/PAN film modified electrode towards formic acid oxidation.
A Pd nanopaticles modified polyaniline/polysulfone(PAN/PSF) composite film with three dimensional network structure(Pd/PAN/PSF) was prepared by using electropolymerization at the surface of Pt electrode.Its morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy.The results indicate that the composite film has a bi-layer structure with asymmetrical pores,and Pd nanoparticles with a small size are symmetrically dispersed in the film modified electrodes.The composite film effectively improved the dispersion of Pd and electrode structure.Compared with the Pd/PAN electrode fabricated by direct electrodeposition,the Pd/PAN/PSF composite film modified electrode exhibits better electrocatalytic activity and good stability than that of Pd/PAN film modified electrode towards formic acid oxidation.
2014, 31(3): 342-347
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30210
Abstract:
Electrochemical behavior of thiosalicylic acid(TSA) on activated glassy carbon electrode(GCE) was studied.TSA exhibited irreversible electrochemical oxidation process in KCl solution by cyclic voltammetry(CV).Neutral/anionic TSA distribution and anodic potential shifts at different pH were also discussed.With increase of pH,the anodic potential gradually decreases while the concentration of C6H4(COO-) SH increases.This indicates that C6H4(COO-) SH is more readily to be oxidized than C6H4(COOH) SH.The decreasing tendency of potential slows down when the pH is above 6.When the pH is elevated to 11,the disappearance of anodic peak indicates that the electrode reaction ss prohibited in the absences of H+.During the electrochemical oxidation of TSA,one H+ participates in the reaction with average every three electrons transferring.Therefore,the final product is inferred as 2-sulfobenzoic acid.
Electrochemical behavior of thiosalicylic acid(TSA) on activated glassy carbon electrode(GCE) was studied.TSA exhibited irreversible electrochemical oxidation process in KCl solution by cyclic voltammetry(CV).Neutral/anionic TSA distribution and anodic potential shifts at different pH were also discussed.With increase of pH,the anodic potential gradually decreases while the concentration of C6H4(COO-) SH increases.This indicates that C6H4(COO-) SH is more readily to be oxidized than C6H4(COOH) SH.The decreasing tendency of potential slows down when the pH is above 6.When the pH is elevated to 11,the disappearance of anodic peak indicates that the electrode reaction ss prohibited in the absences of H+.During the electrochemical oxidation of TSA,one H+ participates in the reaction with average every three electrons transferring.Therefore,the final product is inferred as 2-sulfobenzoic acid.
2014, 31(3): 348-353
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30246
Abstract:
The surfacical tension of fluorocarbon surfactant FY-F501 was measured by the surface tension meter in aqueous solution at(20±0.1)℃.The results show that the critical micelle concentration is 9×10-6 mol/L.The corrosion inhibition effect of FY-F501 on aluminum alloy in 100 mg/L chlorine dioxide was studied at(20±0.1)℃ by static mass loss method.The data show that,the inhibition effect is optimal at the critical micelle concentration and the maximum inhibition efficiency can reaches 94.5%.Furthermore,the corrosion inhibition mechanism of the surfactant was studied using electrochemical method and SEM.The linear fit of the data of the static mass loss method shows that a single molecule adsorption layer is formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy.This helps to inhibit the corrosion reaction of the aluminum alloy activation and the adsorption follows the Langmuir adsorption model.
The surfacical tension of fluorocarbon surfactant FY-F501 was measured by the surface tension meter in aqueous solution at(20±0.1)℃.The results show that the critical micelle concentration is 9×10-6 mol/L.The corrosion inhibition effect of FY-F501 on aluminum alloy in 100 mg/L chlorine dioxide was studied at(20±0.1)℃ by static mass loss method.The data show that,the inhibition effect is optimal at the critical micelle concentration and the maximum inhibition efficiency can reaches 94.5%.Furthermore,the corrosion inhibition mechanism of the surfactant was studied using electrochemical method and SEM.The linear fit of the data of the static mass loss method shows that a single molecule adsorption layer is formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy.This helps to inhibit the corrosion reaction of the aluminum alloy activation and the adsorption follows the Langmuir adsorption model.
2014, 31(3): 354-360
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30256
Abstract:
NiO doped ZnFe2O4 sol synthesized by a sol-gel method was dip-coated on a tin-doped glass optical waveguide to fabricate a sensor used for the detection of poisonous gases.The results show that the as-prepared composite film has a good selectivity toward H2S over other gases with the same concentration.The detection limit of H2S is 1.0×10-9(volume ratio) and the corresponding response and recovery time are 6 s and 8 s,respectively.The advantages of sensor encompass easy fabrication,room temperature operation,high sensitivity,fast response and recovery speed,good reversibility and repeatability.
NiO doped ZnFe2O4 sol synthesized by a sol-gel method was dip-coated on a tin-doped glass optical waveguide to fabricate a sensor used for the detection of poisonous gases.The results show that the as-prepared composite film has a good selectivity toward H2S over other gases with the same concentration.The detection limit of H2S is 1.0×10-9(volume ratio) and the corresponding response and recovery time are 6 s and 8 s,respectively.The advantages of sensor encompass easy fabrication,room temperature operation,high sensitivity,fast response and recovery speed,good reversibility and repeatability.
2014, 31(3): 361-366
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.30321
Abstract:
The effect of amoxicillin on the Belousov-Zhabotinsky oscillating chemical reaction was studied.Addition of amoxicillin was found to perturb both the oscillation period and amplitude.The changes of the oscillation period and the amplitude are linearly proportional to the concentration of amoxicillin in the range of 1.5×10-5~2.4×10-3 mol/L and 4.7×10-5~4.8×10-3 mol/L with the regression coefficients of 0.9822 and 0.9846,respectively.The oscillation mechanism of the present system was discussed briefly with FKN mechanism.
The effect of amoxicillin on the Belousov-Zhabotinsky oscillating chemical reaction was studied.Addition of amoxicillin was found to perturb both the oscillation period and amplitude.The changes of the oscillation period and the amplitude are linearly proportional to the concentration of amoxicillin in the range of 1.5×10-5~2.4×10-3 mol/L and 4.7×10-5~4.8×10-3 mol/L with the regression coefficients of 0.9822 and 0.9846,respectively.The oscillation mechanism of the present system was discussed briefly with FKN mechanism.
