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2018 Volume 81 Issue 6
2018, 81(6): 483-492
Abstract:
Stretchability and compressibility are essential parameters for flexible and wearable supercapacitors. Polymer hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties and unique network microstructures have become ideal materials for the new generation high-performance supercapacitors. Polymer hydrogels can be used as either flexible electrode materials with high energy storage efficiency or quasi-solid-state electrolyte materials to prepare lightweight, safe and stable flexible all-solid-state energy storage devices. Herein, recent progresses in the application of polymer hydrogels in the field of supercapacitors were reviewed based on the chemical composition of polymer hydrogels, in terms of the types of electrodes and electrolytes, respectively, and the development trend of polymer hydrogels in this field was also prospected.
Stretchability and compressibility are essential parameters for flexible and wearable supercapacitors. Polymer hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties and unique network microstructures have become ideal materials for the new generation high-performance supercapacitors. Polymer hydrogels can be used as either flexible electrode materials with high energy storage efficiency or quasi-solid-state electrolyte materials to prepare lightweight, safe and stable flexible all-solid-state energy storage devices. Herein, recent progresses in the application of polymer hydrogels in the field of supercapacitors were reviewed based on the chemical composition of polymer hydrogels, in terms of the types of electrodes and electrolytes, respectively, and the development trend of polymer hydrogels in this field was also prospected.
2018, 81(6): 493-500
Abstract:
Molecular keypad locks as a new kind of molecular logic gate, its signal output depends not only on the proper combination of the inputs but also on the correct order, which could protect information at molecular level. Optical probes are predominantly attractive due to their simplicity, high degree of specificity, low detection limits, easy on-line analysis and especial colorimetric recognition and in situ detection. The molecular keypad locks based on optical probes, including cation input, anion input and cation/anion input keypad locks, etc are highlighted. In the end, the development tendency of molecular keypad locks is prospected.
Molecular keypad locks as a new kind of molecular logic gate, its signal output depends not only on the proper combination of the inputs but also on the correct order, which could protect information at molecular level. Optical probes are predominantly attractive due to their simplicity, high degree of specificity, low detection limits, easy on-line analysis and especial colorimetric recognition and in situ detection. The molecular keypad locks based on optical probes, including cation input, anion input and cation/anion input keypad locks, etc are highlighted. In the end, the development tendency of molecular keypad locks is prospected.
2018, 81(6): 501-506
Abstract:
The steroidal compounds are a kind of natural compounds with significant physiological activity and widely exist in nature. In this overview, the recent progress of research on bioactive steroids isolated from marine organisms is reviewed according to their structure characteristics, and their biological activities are described. We hope this article can provide useful reference for the research and development of steroidal chemotherapeutic drugs.
The steroidal compounds are a kind of natural compounds with significant physiological activity and widely exist in nature. In this overview, the recent progress of research on bioactive steroids isolated from marine organisms is reviewed according to their structure characteristics, and their biological activities are described. We hope this article can provide useful reference for the research and development of steroidal chemotherapeutic drugs.
2018, 81(6): 507-516
Abstract:
Dopamine (DA) is an important neurotransmitter of the human nervous system, and a key marker of neural disease in the clinical diagnosis. In this study, we prepared porous Fe-N-C nanoparticle clusters from Prussian blue (PB) to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The modified electrode was used to selectively detect DA in a phosphate buffer containing 100μmol/L uric acid (UA) and 100μmol/L ascorbic acid (AA) with linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The results showed that the modified electrode can eliminate interference of AA and reduce the signal of UA. The liner range exhibits two segment, i.e., 5 to 100μmol/L and 100 to 700μmol/L, respectively, the sensitivity is 8.32×10-2 A·(mol/L)-1 and 3.44×10-2 A·(mol/L)-1, respectively, and the limit of detection (LOD) is 5μmol/L with the LSV method. These results indicated that the porous Fe-N-C nanoparticle clusters is outstanding for selectively electrochemical detection of DA.
Dopamine (DA) is an important neurotransmitter of the human nervous system, and a key marker of neural disease in the clinical diagnosis. In this study, we prepared porous Fe-N-C nanoparticle clusters from Prussian blue (PB) to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The modified electrode was used to selectively detect DA in a phosphate buffer containing 100μmol/L uric acid (UA) and 100μmol/L ascorbic acid (AA) with linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The results showed that the modified electrode can eliminate interference of AA and reduce the signal of UA. The liner range exhibits two segment, i.e., 5 to 100μmol/L and 100 to 700μmol/L, respectively, the sensitivity is 8.32×10-2 A·(mol/L)-1 and 3.44×10-2 A·(mol/L)-1, respectively, and the limit of detection (LOD) is 5μmol/L with the LSV method. These results indicated that the porous Fe-N-C nanoparticle clusters is outstanding for selectively electrochemical detection of DA.
2018, 81(6): 517-524
Abstract:
Ionic liquids (ILs) are widely used as a new green solvent. Taking porous material MOFs as supports in ILs can prospectively reduce the high viscosity of ILs and contribute to improve the adsorption and separation capacity of material. However, how to choose the appropriate MOFs systems to support ILs is a difficult point. In this paper, the structural stability of Zn-MOF-74 which supports ionic liquid[Emim] [BF4] has been studied by VASP and Gaussian 09 packages. Comparing Zn-MOF-74@[Emim] [BF4] materials with pure[Emim] [BF4] and pure Zn-MOF-74, a thorough research has been explored from geometric structure, Bader charges, electron density difference and interactions diagrams. Results showed that Zn-MOF-74 is structurally unstable in the presence of[Emim] [BF4]. The strong interaction generates between the Zn atom and[BF4]- anion of[Emim] [BF4], and the Zn and F1 are bonded by Coulomb forces caused the change of MOF coordination configuration. The loading of IL disrupts the symmetry of Zn-MOF-74 structure and enhances the interionic interactions. After deformation, the charge transfers between Zn-MOF-74 and[Emim] [BF4] and the adsorption energy is -1.032eV. The chemical adsorption between MOF and IL is verified by the electron density difference analysis and the electron interaction. In addition, the adsorption capacity of Zn-MOF-74@[Emim] [BF4] composites for CO2 adsorption and its mechanism were studied.
Ionic liquids (ILs) are widely used as a new green solvent. Taking porous material MOFs as supports in ILs can prospectively reduce the high viscosity of ILs and contribute to improve the adsorption and separation capacity of material. However, how to choose the appropriate MOFs systems to support ILs is a difficult point. In this paper, the structural stability of Zn-MOF-74 which supports ionic liquid[Emim] [BF4] has been studied by VASP and Gaussian 09 packages. Comparing Zn-MOF-74@[Emim] [BF4] materials with pure[Emim] [BF4] and pure Zn-MOF-74, a thorough research has been explored from geometric structure, Bader charges, electron density difference and interactions diagrams. Results showed that Zn-MOF-74 is structurally unstable in the presence of[Emim] [BF4]. The strong interaction generates between the Zn atom and[BF4]- anion of[Emim] [BF4], and the Zn and F1 are bonded by Coulomb forces caused the change of MOF coordination configuration. The loading of IL disrupts the symmetry of Zn-MOF-74 structure and enhances the interionic interactions. After deformation, the charge transfers between Zn-MOF-74 and[Emim] [BF4] and the adsorption energy is -1.032eV. The chemical adsorption between MOF and IL is verified by the electron density difference analysis and the electron interaction. In addition, the adsorption capacity of Zn-MOF-74@[Emim] [BF4] composites for CO2 adsorption and its mechanism were studied.
2018, 81(6): 531-536
Abstract:
Two blue phosphorescent host materials (2-bromo-5-phenoxazin-10-yl-phenyl)-pyridin-4-yl-methanone (BPPPM), [2-bromo-5-(9, 9-dimethyl-9H-acridin-10-yl)-phenyl]-pyridin-4-yl-methanone (BDPPM) based on 4-benzoylpyridine, phenoxazine and 9, 9-dimethylacridine were synthesized. The structures of BPPPM and BDPPM were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis. The photophysical, electrochemical and thermal properties were investigated. The results showed that the optical bandgaps (Eg) of BPPPM and BDPPM are 3.31 and 2.64 eV, and their fluorescence emission peaks are deep blue fluorescence at 405nm and blue fluorescence at 435nm, respectively. Both BPPPM and BDPPM had high triplet energy levels (2.70, 2.65eV), which matches the triplet level of the blue phosphorescent guest material FIrpic (2.65eV). Both BPPPM and BDPPM have a very suitable HOMO (-5.45, -5.35eV) and LUMO level (-2.14, -2.82eV) with a small degree of spatial overlap between the HOMO and LUMO, so they have good bipolar properties. In addition, they all have good thermal stability and film-forming properties.
Two blue phosphorescent host materials (2-bromo-5-phenoxazin-10-yl-phenyl)-pyridin-4-yl-methanone (BPPPM), [2-bromo-5-(9, 9-dimethyl-9H-acridin-10-yl)-phenyl]-pyridin-4-yl-methanone (BDPPM) based on 4-benzoylpyridine, phenoxazine and 9, 9-dimethylacridine were synthesized. The structures of BPPPM and BDPPM were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis. The photophysical, electrochemical and thermal properties were investigated. The results showed that the optical bandgaps (Eg) of BPPPM and BDPPM are 3.31 and 2.64 eV, and their fluorescence emission peaks are deep blue fluorescence at 405nm and blue fluorescence at 435nm, respectively. Both BPPPM and BDPPM had high triplet energy levels (2.70, 2.65eV), which matches the triplet level of the blue phosphorescent guest material FIrpic (2.65eV). Both BPPPM and BDPPM have a very suitable HOMO (-5.45, -5.35eV) and LUMO level (-2.14, -2.82eV) with a small degree of spatial overlap between the HOMO and LUMO, so they have good bipolar properties. In addition, they all have good thermal stability and film-forming properties.
2018, 81(6): 537-542
Abstract:
1, 4-Dihydropyridine derivatives were synthesized by one-pot methods using p-toluene sulfonic acid as catalyst, and characterized by IR, MS and 1H NMR. The interaction of the compound 1a with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied using fluorescence and UV-Vis spectroscopy at different temperatures. Experimental results indicated that Kq, Ka, n, ΔS, ΔH were 2.43×1012 L·mol-1·s-1, 4.15×103L·mol-1, 0.82, 65.12J·mol-1·K-1 and 1.24kJ·mol-1, respectively, at 298K. The results showed that the compound 1a has a fluorescence quenching effect on BSA. Parameters of thermodynamic functions were calculated, and the interaction between BSA and 1a is determined as hydrophobic interaction.
1, 4-Dihydropyridine derivatives were synthesized by one-pot methods using p-toluene sulfonic acid as catalyst, and characterized by IR, MS and 1H NMR. The interaction of the compound 1a with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied using fluorescence and UV-Vis spectroscopy at different temperatures. Experimental results indicated that Kq, Ka, n, ΔS, ΔH were 2.43×1012 L·mol-1·s-1, 4.15×103L·mol-1, 0.82, 65.12J·mol-1·K-1 and 1.24kJ·mol-1, respectively, at 298K. The results showed that the compound 1a has a fluorescence quenching effect on BSA. Parameters of thermodynamic functions were calculated, and the interaction between BSA and 1a is determined as hydrophobic interaction.
2018, 81(6): 543-547
Abstract:
Using ligustrazine (TMP) and o-phenylenediamine as raw materials, seven derivatives were synthesized via KMnO4 oxidation, esterification, cyclization and reduction. The structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS. The in vitro anti-platelet aggregation activities of the target compounds have been preliminarily tested by the Born turbidimetric method, and the experimental results showed that compounds 3 (IC50=0.23mmol/L) and 7 (IC50=0.27mmol/L) have significant inhibitory activity for adenosine diphosphate (ADP) induced platelet aggregation, higher than that of ligustrazine (IC50=0.42 mmol/L).
Using ligustrazine (TMP) and o-phenylenediamine as raw materials, seven derivatives were synthesized via KMnO4 oxidation, esterification, cyclization and reduction. The structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS. The in vitro anti-platelet aggregation activities of the target compounds have been preliminarily tested by the Born turbidimetric method, and the experimental results showed that compounds 3 (IC50=0.23mmol/L) and 7 (IC50=0.27mmol/L) have significant inhibitory activity for adenosine diphosphate (ADP) induced platelet aggregation, higher than that of ligustrazine (IC50=0.42 mmol/L).
2018, 81(6): 548-554
Abstract:
CREB-binding protein (CBP) and the highly homologous P300 are two subtypes of histone acetylase, which can bind to chromatin through their bromodomain (BRD). The CBP/P300 have already become a hot topic in the field of cancer target for they play important roles in the occurrence and development of tumors. In this study, the three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) was established based on the biaryl inhibitors for the bromodomain of CBP/P300. In order to determine the quantitative relationship between molecular structure and biological activity of biaryl inhibitors, the 3D-QSAR models of 35 inhibitors were established with comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity index analysis (CoMSIA). The predicted pIC50 values of CoMFA and CoMSIA models were basically consistent with the actual pIC50 values, indicating that both models had highly predictive ability and statistical significance. Information of steric, electrostatic, hydrophobic, hydrogen bond acceptor and donor fields provided by CoMFA and CoMSIA could propose novel drug design ideas to design more effective inhibitors with higher activity for the bromodomain of CBP/P300.
CREB-binding protein (CBP) and the highly homologous P300 are two subtypes of histone acetylase, which can bind to chromatin through their bromodomain (BRD). The CBP/P300 have already become a hot topic in the field of cancer target for they play important roles in the occurrence and development of tumors. In this study, the three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) was established based on the biaryl inhibitors for the bromodomain of CBP/P300. In order to determine the quantitative relationship between molecular structure and biological activity of biaryl inhibitors, the 3D-QSAR models of 35 inhibitors were established with comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity index analysis (CoMSIA). The predicted pIC50 values of CoMFA and CoMSIA models were basically consistent with the actual pIC50 values, indicating that both models had highly predictive ability and statistical significance. Information of steric, electrostatic, hydrophobic, hydrogen bond acceptor and donor fields provided by CoMFA and CoMSIA could propose novel drug design ideas to design more effective inhibitors with higher activity for the bromodomain of CBP/P300.
2018, 81(6): 555-561
Abstract:
In the selection of biological wastewater treatment process, the scientificity and maneuverability of the traditional analytic hierarchy are low. The improved AHP method adopts three scale method, and the judgment matrix is easy to construct; furthermore, there is no need to check the consistency. In the present study, the improved AHP was applied to establish a comprehensive evaluation system with four layers, 10 indexes and four schemes. The comprehensive evaluation system was employed to analyze the economic benefits, the environmental impacts and the technical performance of four wastewater treatment process, i.e., MBR, A2/O, A/O and oxidation ditch process. The calculated results of the evaluation formula for MBR, A2/O, A/O and oxidation ditch process were 0.3137, 0.3379, 0.2085 and 0.1552, respectively. Therefore, comprehensively considering the economic benefits, the environmental impacts and the technical performance, A2/O is the most suitable biological wastewater treatment process for Northeast China, followed by the MBR process and A/O process, and oxidation ditch is the least recommended process. In conclusion, the improved AHP method could make a direct evaluation on the economic benefits, the environmental impacts and the technical performance of the current wastewater treatment process, which could provide theoretical and practical basis for the operation and management of the current process and the design of new process.
In the selection of biological wastewater treatment process, the scientificity and maneuverability of the traditional analytic hierarchy are low. The improved AHP method adopts three scale method, and the judgment matrix is easy to construct; furthermore, there is no need to check the consistency. In the present study, the improved AHP was applied to establish a comprehensive evaluation system with four layers, 10 indexes and four schemes. The comprehensive evaluation system was employed to analyze the economic benefits, the environmental impacts and the technical performance of four wastewater treatment process, i.e., MBR, A2/O, A/O and oxidation ditch process. The calculated results of the evaluation formula for MBR, A2/O, A/O and oxidation ditch process were 0.3137, 0.3379, 0.2085 and 0.1552, respectively. Therefore, comprehensively considering the economic benefits, the environmental impacts and the technical performance, A2/O is the most suitable biological wastewater treatment process for Northeast China, followed by the MBR process and A/O process, and oxidation ditch is the least recommended process. In conclusion, the improved AHP method could make a direct evaluation on the economic benefits, the environmental impacts and the technical performance of the current wastewater treatment process, which could provide theoretical and practical basis for the operation and management of the current process and the design of new process.
2018, 81(6): 525-530
Abstract:
Fluorescence sensing is a powerful tool for detection of chemical species due to its high sensitivity and selectivity. New aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active fluorophores, diarylquinoxaline derivatives (1~4), are synthesized and characterized. By the combination of diarylquinoxaline core and a 1, 3-dithiole-2-thione unit, compounds 3, 4 are used as "turn on" chemosensors for Hg2+ by taking use of the AIE feature of diarylquinoxaline core and the specific reaction of 1, 3-dithiole-2-thione with Hg2+. Compound 3 especially displays a good selectivity towards Hg2+ over other common heavy metal ions.
Fluorescence sensing is a powerful tool for detection of chemical species due to its high sensitivity and selectivity. New aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active fluorophores, diarylquinoxaline derivatives (1~4), are synthesized and characterized. By the combination of diarylquinoxaline core and a 1, 3-dithiole-2-thione unit, compounds 3, 4 are used as "turn on" chemosensors for Hg2+ by taking use of the AIE feature of diarylquinoxaline core and the specific reaction of 1, 3-dithiole-2-thione with Hg2+. Compound 3 especially displays a good selectivity towards Hg2+ over other common heavy metal ions.
2018, 81(6): 562-570
Abstract:
Comprehensive designing experiment is one of the most important means for educating comprehensive quality and innovation ability of college students. This paper presents a comprehensive designing experiment of 'Preparation, characterization and hydrogen storage properties of sulfur doped carbon nanospheres'. Through the literature investigate and survey, experimental principle description, scheme establishment, sample preparation, structure characterization, performance evaluation, and data processing, the students can acquire the key knowledge of nanomaterials synthesis, component and structure characterization, property analysis, and so on. In addition, they can also get the development of comprehensive capability and innovation ability. Practice demonstrates that this comprehensive designing experiment can be beneficial to improve the practical capability, innovation ability, basic scientific literacy and comprehensive quality for college students.
Comprehensive designing experiment is one of the most important means for educating comprehensive quality and innovation ability of college students. This paper presents a comprehensive designing experiment of 'Preparation, characterization and hydrogen storage properties of sulfur doped carbon nanospheres'. Through the literature investigate and survey, experimental principle description, scheme establishment, sample preparation, structure characterization, performance evaluation, and data processing, the students can acquire the key knowledge of nanomaterials synthesis, component and structure characterization, property analysis, and so on. In addition, they can also get the development of comprehensive capability and innovation ability. Practice demonstrates that this comprehensive designing experiment can be beneficial to improve the practical capability, innovation ability, basic scientific literacy and comprehensive quality for college students.
2018, 81(6): 571-575
Abstract:
Pao-tung Huang(1921-2005)is an academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is a senior expert in the field of polymer chemistry in China. He studied in the United States in his early years. After returning to China in 1955, he has been working at Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He had achieved high attainments in the field of the ethylene propylene rubber synthesis. By analyzing a lot of letters and diaries of the "Old Scientists Academic Growth Data Project", the article tells the historical process, which shows Pao-tung Huang studied in the United States, and joined two organizations which are CSCA and Association of Chinese Scientific Workers in U.S.A., and experienced difficulties to return to the motherland. The author explores the individual and social factors which led to the return of the students studying in the United States and reveals the feelings of the Chinese student's patriotism.
Pao-tung Huang(1921-2005)is an academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is a senior expert in the field of polymer chemistry in China. He studied in the United States in his early years. After returning to China in 1955, he has been working at Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He had achieved high attainments in the field of the ethylene propylene rubber synthesis. By analyzing a lot of letters and diaries of the "Old Scientists Academic Growth Data Project", the article tells the historical process, which shows Pao-tung Huang studied in the United States, and joined two organizations which are CSCA and Association of Chinese Scientific Workers in U.S.A., and experienced difficulties to return to the motherland. The author explores the individual and social factors which led to the return of the students studying in the United States and reveals the feelings of the Chinese student's patriotism.
