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2022 Volume 50 Issue 11
2022, 50(11): 1599-1612
doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.210507
Abstract:
Accurate detection of cancer biomarkers plays a significant role in early diagnosis of cancer and improving the survival rate of cancer patients. Liquid biopsy can non-invasively and repeatedly detect cancer biomarkers in human body fluid and holds great promise for early diagnosis of cancer. Liquid biopsy based on simple signal output can obtain detection result via simple operation and thus hopefully realizing on-site detection, showing great potential in early screening, prognosis and monitoring of therapeutic effect of cancer. In this review, we focused on the recent advances of portable and quantitative detection of cancer biomarkers and summarized the detection strategies based on portable pressure meter, volumetric bar-chart chip, personal glucose meter, thermal meter, pH meter and digital multimeter. In addition, the perspectives and challenges in this field were also discussed.
Accurate detection of cancer biomarkers plays a significant role in early diagnosis of cancer and improving the survival rate of cancer patients. Liquid biopsy can non-invasively and repeatedly detect cancer biomarkers in human body fluid and holds great promise for early diagnosis of cancer. Liquid biopsy based on simple signal output can obtain detection result via simple operation and thus hopefully realizing on-site detection, showing great potential in early screening, prognosis and monitoring of therapeutic effect of cancer. In this review, we focused on the recent advances of portable and quantitative detection of cancer biomarkers and summarized the detection strategies based on portable pressure meter, volumetric bar-chart chip, personal glucose meter, thermal meter, pH meter and digital multimeter. In addition, the perspectives and challenges in this field were also discussed.
2022, 50(11): 1613-1626
doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.210901
Abstract:
Wearable electrochemical biosensors have attracted extensive attention with the development of Internet of Things. Liquid conductors, conductive polymer films and hydrogels are used to fabricate wearable electronics, leading to excellent mechanical and sensing properties of devices. As-prepared wearable sensing devices have been widely used in various applications, including healthcare monitoring and environmental analysis, for great convenience of human life. However, several issues, such as aesthetics, invisibility and biocompatibility, still limit their practical application. Herein, recent advances and process in wearable biosensors are reviewed, and the challenges of developing wearable electrochemical biosensors are also discussed, providing a reference for the development of miniaturized/integrated wearable electrochemical biosensors with good sensitivity.
Wearable electrochemical biosensors have attracted extensive attention with the development of Internet of Things. Liquid conductors, conductive polymer films and hydrogels are used to fabricate wearable electronics, leading to excellent mechanical and sensing properties of devices. As-prepared wearable sensing devices have been widely used in various applications, including healthcare monitoring and environmental analysis, for great convenience of human life. However, several issues, such as aesthetics, invisibility and biocompatibility, still limit their practical application. Herein, recent advances and process in wearable biosensors are reviewed, and the challenges of developing wearable electrochemical biosensors are also discussed, providing a reference for the development of miniaturized/integrated wearable electrochemical biosensors with good sensitivity.
2022, 50(11): 1627-1638
doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.210902
Abstract:
In recent years, with the development of flexible electronics and microfluids, various flexible wearable sweat sensors based on microchannel have been developed, and exhibit excellent development prospect. In this paper, the advantages of flexible wearable sensors based on microchannel design for sweat detection were introduced, and the research progress of the principles of structural design, detection methods and microchannel sweat detection sensors was summarized. The deficiencies and limitations of microchannel sweat sensors were analyzed.The review pointed out that the sweat sensors based on microfluidic channel design should be developed in the direction of low cost and mass production, and it was important to further study the relationship between sweat parameters and human physiological health.
In recent years, with the development of flexible electronics and microfluids, various flexible wearable sweat sensors based on microchannel have been developed, and exhibit excellent development prospect. In this paper, the advantages of flexible wearable sensors based on microchannel design for sweat detection were introduced, and the research progress of the principles of structural design, detection methods and microchannel sweat detection sensors was summarized. The deficiencies and limitations of microchannel sweat sensors were analyzed.The review pointed out that the sweat sensors based on microfluidic channel design should be developed in the direction of low cost and mass production, and it was important to further study the relationship between sweat parameters and human physiological health.
Research Progress of Portable Point-of-Care Testing Technologies and Applications for Ocular Surface
2022, 50(11): 1639-1660
doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.221061
Abstract:
As a human visual organ, the outermost ocular surface tissue and its tear film contain a lot of information that can be used for disease diagnosis. Point-of-care testing (POCT) of physiological and biochemical indexes of ocular surface is of great importance for early diagnosis and long-term monitoring of chronic diseases, such as eye diseases and diabetes. In recent years, with the rapid development of biomaterials, micro- and nano-electronics and other technologies, POCT and portable sensing technologies for various physiological and biochemical indexes on the ocular surface have rapidly developed. This paper mainly reviews the research progress of portable POCT technologies and their applications on ocular surface in recent 5 years. Firstly, the main physiological and biochemical indexes of ocular surface related to eye and other diseases are introduced. Then, according to the detection platform and detection method, the paper-based and smart contact lens-based portable POCT platforms and the optical, electrochemical, electrical and microfluidic POCT methods for ocular surface are introduced, respectively. And the representative examples of portable POCT technologies of the physiological and biochemical indexes of ocular surface in recent 5 years are introduced. Finally, the challenges and future development direction of portable POCT technologies and devices on ocular surface are proposed. The objective of this paper is to introduce the portable POCT technologies and applications for ocular surface, so as to provide references for the development of diagnosis and treatment of ocular and related diseases.
As a human visual organ, the outermost ocular surface tissue and its tear film contain a lot of information that can be used for disease diagnosis. Point-of-care testing (POCT) of physiological and biochemical indexes of ocular surface is of great importance for early diagnosis and long-term monitoring of chronic diseases, such as eye diseases and diabetes. In recent years, with the rapid development of biomaterials, micro- and nano-electronics and other technologies, POCT and portable sensing technologies for various physiological and biochemical indexes on the ocular surface have rapidly developed. This paper mainly reviews the research progress of portable POCT technologies and their applications on ocular surface in recent 5 years. Firstly, the main physiological and biochemical indexes of ocular surface related to eye and other diseases are introduced. Then, according to the detection platform and detection method, the paper-based and smart contact lens-based portable POCT platforms and the optical, electrochemical, electrical and microfluidic POCT methods for ocular surface are introduced, respectively. And the representative examples of portable POCT technologies of the physiological and biochemical indexes of ocular surface in recent 5 years are introduced. Finally, the challenges and future development direction of portable POCT technologies and devices on ocular surface are proposed. The objective of this paper is to introduce the portable POCT technologies and applications for ocular surface, so as to provide references for the development of diagnosis and treatment of ocular and related diseases.
2022, 50(11): 1661-1672
doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.210905
Abstract:
Wearable sensors can fit human skin or integrate with textiles to monitor the physiological environment of human body with high sensitivity and integration. In recent years, wearable sensors have been widely used in monitoring sweat, breathing, heart rate and blood oxygen and other physiological parameters. However, wearable sensors should be attached to skin with well comfortability. Also, they should be avoided bringing negative results when people participate activities. Consequently, flexibility is an important parameter for evaluating and improving the performances of wearable sensors. In this review, the development of different flexible materials was summarized. Besides, the construction and application of wearable sensors based on different flexible materials were also discussed. Additionally, the current challenges, coping strategies and development direction of these flexible wearable sensors were discussed.
Wearable sensors can fit human skin or integrate with textiles to monitor the physiological environment of human body with high sensitivity and integration. In recent years, wearable sensors have been widely used in monitoring sweat, breathing, heart rate and blood oxygen and other physiological parameters. However, wearable sensors should be attached to skin with well comfortability. Also, they should be avoided bringing negative results when people participate activities. Consequently, flexibility is an important parameter for evaluating and improving the performances of wearable sensors. In this review, the development of different flexible materials was summarized. Besides, the construction and application of wearable sensors based on different flexible materials were also discussed. Additionally, the current challenges, coping strategies and development direction of these flexible wearable sensors were discussed.
2022, 50(11): 1673-1684
doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.210664
Abstract:
Wearable electronic products have received more and more attention in the measurement and quantification of human vital signs and physiological information due to their small size, comfortable attachment, and convenient detection. They also have broad application prospects in the fields of disease diagnosis, rehabilitation treatment and daily health assessment. As a key module for collecting information in wearable electronic products, wearable sensors have received extensive attention from academia and industry, and have achieved rapid development. This article mainly focused on the application of wearable sensors in the field of health monitoring, focusing on the detection of key physiological and biochemical indicators, systematically expounding the research status and cutting-edge hotspots of corresponding wearable sensors, analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of various types of sensors, and discussing the future development trend of wearable sensors.
Wearable electronic products have received more and more attention in the measurement and quantification of human vital signs and physiological information due to their small size, comfortable attachment, and convenient detection. They also have broad application prospects in the fields of disease diagnosis, rehabilitation treatment and daily health assessment. As a key module for collecting information in wearable electronic products, wearable sensors have received extensive attention from academia and industry, and have achieved rapid development. This article mainly focused on the application of wearable sensors in the field of health monitoring, focusing on the detection of key physiological and biochemical indicators, systematically expounding the research status and cutting-edge hotspots of corresponding wearable sensors, analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of various types of sensors, and discussing the future development trend of wearable sensors.
2022, 50(11): 1685-1698
doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.221005
Abstract:
Portable microdevice coupled mass spectrometry (MS) has shown great capability of rapid sampling and high-throughput assay of biological samples by simplifying sample pretreatment while maintaining the sensitivity and reliability of MS detection. Particularly, paper substrates, microextraction devices and microchips allow the integration of fast sampling, desalting and extraction. Mass spectrometric methods coupled with above portable microdevices show great sensitivity and selectivity in biological detections, thus facilitating their applications in therapeutic drug monitoring, endogenous substrate detection, protein and peptide detection, and bacterial identification. This review summarizes the main principles and research progress of portable microdevice coupled mass spectrometry (e.g. paper spray-MS, microextraction-MS, and microfluidic chip-MS), and also prospects their future developments and potential applications.
Portable microdevice coupled mass spectrometry (MS) has shown great capability of rapid sampling and high-throughput assay of biological samples by simplifying sample pretreatment while maintaining the sensitivity and reliability of MS detection. Particularly, paper substrates, microextraction devices and microchips allow the integration of fast sampling, desalting and extraction. Mass spectrometric methods coupled with above portable microdevices show great sensitivity and selectivity in biological detections, thus facilitating their applications in therapeutic drug monitoring, endogenous substrate detection, protein and peptide detection, and bacterial identification. This review summarizes the main principles and research progress of portable microdevice coupled mass spectrometry (e.g. paper spray-MS, microextraction-MS, and microfluidic chip-MS), and also prospects their future developments and potential applications.
2022, 50(11): 1699-1711
doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.221352
Abstract:
With the continuous advancement of information technology, sensors are developing in the direction of flexibility, wearability and intelligence. Wearable sensors with the advantages including light weight, low modulus, low cost, high elasticity and stretch ability can meet the needs of intelligent development of the Internet of Things, and thus have received extensive attention. As a new type of flexible material, hydrogel has many advantages such as excellent mechanical properties, high flexibility, good fit with human skin and high biocompatibility, and it is expected to become a platform for a new generation of wearable sensors. However, due to the issues in stability of hydrogels, tolerance to extreme environments such as drought and cold, limitations in electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, and low integration, their applications and development in the field of wearable sensors are limited. This paper focuses on the improvement of the above issues and the applications of conductive hydrogels in wearable sensors in different fields such as strain sensing, tactile sensing, gas sensing, humidity sensing, temperature sensing, etc., and finally summarizes the existing problems of hydrogels.
With the continuous advancement of information technology, sensors are developing in the direction of flexibility, wearability and intelligence. Wearable sensors with the advantages including light weight, low modulus, low cost, high elasticity and stretch ability can meet the needs of intelligent development of the Internet of Things, and thus have received extensive attention. As a new type of flexible material, hydrogel has many advantages such as excellent mechanical properties, high flexibility, good fit with human skin and high biocompatibility, and it is expected to become a platform for a new generation of wearable sensors. However, due to the issues in stability of hydrogels, tolerance to extreme environments such as drought and cold, limitations in electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, and low integration, their applications and development in the field of wearable sensors are limited. This paper focuses on the improvement of the above issues and the applications of conductive hydrogels in wearable sensors in different fields such as strain sensing, tactile sensing, gas sensing, humidity sensing, temperature sensing, etc., and finally summarizes the existing problems of hydrogels.
2022, 50(11): 1712-1722
doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.221274
Abstract:
A wearable flexible sensor is a device that is tightly attached to the skin or tissue of human to collect physiological parameters of the body for data analysis and reference in real time, which has important applications in the fields of medical care, diagnosis and treatment, etc. With the advantages such as stable chemical properties, strong thermal stability, good transparency and biocompatibility, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been proved to be the best choice for wearable flexible sensors substrates,which can achieve different functions through surface modification and overall characteristic customization. In this paper, the research progress of wearable flexible sensors based on PDMS in recent years is reviewed, as well as the working principles of the sensors and performance comparisons of conductive modified materials. The performance parameters, advantages and disadvantages of different conductive modified materials are exhibited and compared due to their significance in the sensors. This review also introduces different sensors from the application aspect, such as photosensors, temperature sensors, strain sensors, pressure sensors and biochemical sensors. Finally, the challenges and development directions of wearable sensors are prospected.
A wearable flexible sensor is a device that is tightly attached to the skin or tissue of human to collect physiological parameters of the body for data analysis and reference in real time, which has important applications in the fields of medical care, diagnosis and treatment, etc. With the advantages such as stable chemical properties, strong thermal stability, good transparency and biocompatibility, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been proved to be the best choice for wearable flexible sensors substrates,which can achieve different functions through surface modification and overall characteristic customization. In this paper, the research progress of wearable flexible sensors based on PDMS in recent years is reviewed, as well as the working principles of the sensors and performance comparisons of conductive modified materials. The performance parameters, advantages and disadvantages of different conductive modified materials are exhibited and compared due to their significance in the sensors. This review also introduces different sensors from the application aspect, such as photosensors, temperature sensors, strain sensors, pressure sensors and biochemical sensors. Finally, the challenges and development directions of wearable sensors are prospected.
2022, 50(11): 1723-1732
doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.221232
Abstract:
Flexible biosensor for real-time monitoring and tracking analysis has become an important technology for portable diagnosis platform. It has a very wide research prospect in the field of real-time portable detection. Among many flexible sensors, sweat sensor has become a research hotspot in wearable devices because of its convenient sampling and rich biological information in sweat. The analysis of biomarkers in sweat can provide important data information for individual physiological state.This paper summarizes the significance and the latest progress of wearable sweat sensor research. Based on the structure composition, microfluidic analysis device design and module integration of wearable sweat sensor, the related researches of sweat collection, sensing mechanism and signal processing system are discussed. Moreover, the applications of wearable sweat sensors in wellness monitoring, medical care, health status assessment are also investigated. In addition, the challenges and opportunities that flexible sweat sensors will face in the near future are discussed and analyzed.
Flexible biosensor for real-time monitoring and tracking analysis has become an important technology for portable diagnosis platform. It has a very wide research prospect in the field of real-time portable detection. Among many flexible sensors, sweat sensor has become a research hotspot in wearable devices because of its convenient sampling and rich biological information in sweat. The analysis of biomarkers in sweat can provide important data information for individual physiological state.This paper summarizes the significance and the latest progress of wearable sweat sensor research. Based on the structure composition, microfluidic analysis device design and module integration of wearable sweat sensor, the related researches of sweat collection, sensing mechanism and signal processing system are discussed. Moreover, the applications of wearable sweat sensors in wellness monitoring, medical care, health status assessment are also investigated. In addition, the challenges and opportunities that flexible sweat sensors will face in the near future are discussed and analyzed.
2022, 50(11): 1733-1742
doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.210629
Abstract:
A portable sensor using the height of the liquid column in capillary as readout was designed for detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Cuprous ion (Cu+) could induce the combination of azide-modified magnetic beads (MBs-N3) and alkyne-modified platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs-Alk) through click chemistry to form platinum nanoparticles connected to magnetic beads (MBs-Pt NPs). MBs-Pt NPs could be separated from the reaction mixture by magnetic force and transferred to a glass bottle filled with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution with a capillary on bottle cap. In the above-mentioned closed reaction device, H2O2 was catalytically decomposed by Pt NPs and generated a large amount of oxygen, which caused the liquid column in the capillary to rise. In the presence of H2S, the azide groups on the surface of MBs-N3 could be reduced to amino groups by H2S, thereby reducing the click chemistry reaction sites between it and Pt NPs-Alk, ultimately leading to a reduction in the catalytic efficiency of H2O2 decomposition and a reduction in the rising height of the capillary liquid column. The change of height of the liquid column in the capillary had a linear relationship with H2S concentration in the range of 2.0 to 60 μmol/L, and the limit of detection was 1.9 μmol/L. The method was used for the rapid and simple determination of H2S in red wine with satisfactory results.
A portable sensor using the height of the liquid column in capillary as readout was designed for detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Cuprous ion (Cu+) could induce the combination of azide-modified magnetic beads (MBs-N3) and alkyne-modified platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs-Alk) through click chemistry to form platinum nanoparticles connected to magnetic beads (MBs-Pt NPs). MBs-Pt NPs could be separated from the reaction mixture by magnetic force and transferred to a glass bottle filled with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution with a capillary on bottle cap. In the above-mentioned closed reaction device, H2O2 was catalytically decomposed by Pt NPs and generated a large amount of oxygen, which caused the liquid column in the capillary to rise. In the presence of H2S, the azide groups on the surface of MBs-N3 could be reduced to amino groups by H2S, thereby reducing the click chemistry reaction sites between it and Pt NPs-Alk, ultimately leading to a reduction in the catalytic efficiency of H2O2 decomposition and a reduction in the rising height of the capillary liquid column. The change of height of the liquid column in the capillary had a linear relationship with H2S concentration in the range of 2.0 to 60 μmol/L, and the limit of detection was 1.9 μmol/L. The method was used for the rapid and simple determination of H2S in red wine with satisfactory results.
2022, 50(11): 1743-1749
doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.221059
Abstract:
An electrochemical aptasensor for analysis of human interferon-gamma (hIFN-γ) based on self-patterned droplet on substrate that is particularly suitable for point-of-care testing is reported. After fabricating the gold electrode system on glass slide via photolithography, the glass slide is functionalized with alkyne-silane. Sequential thiol-yne photoclick reactions are subsequently performed to develop hydrophilic 1-thioglycerol microwells around the electrodes with the surrounding regions modified with hydrophobic 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecanethiol. The hydrophilic microwells around electrode facilitate sample loading and enrichment by concentrating large-volume sample solution into small self-patterned droplet. The working electrode is further functionalized with thiolated aptamer for hIFN-γ. The hairpin structured aptamer molecule contains redox reporter molecule methylene blue, and the binding of analyte to aptamer-modified electrode inhibits electron transfer from redox reporters to the electrode and causes electrochemical redox signal decrease. The aptasensor demonstrates a linear relationship for hIFN-γ proteins from 10.0 ng/mL to 125.0 ng/mL with detection limit (3σ) of 7.5 ng/mL. The self-patterned droplet aptasensor developed here provides a convenient method for rapid cytokine hIFN-γ detection with high efficiency and accuracy, and demonstrates great potential for the rapid diagnosis of related diseases in a point-of-care testing manner.
An electrochemical aptasensor for analysis of human interferon-gamma (hIFN-γ) based on self-patterned droplet on substrate that is particularly suitable for point-of-care testing is reported. After fabricating the gold electrode system on glass slide via photolithography, the glass slide is functionalized with alkyne-silane. Sequential thiol-yne photoclick reactions are subsequently performed to develop hydrophilic 1-thioglycerol microwells around the electrodes with the surrounding regions modified with hydrophobic 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecanethiol. The hydrophilic microwells around electrode facilitate sample loading and enrichment by concentrating large-volume sample solution into small self-patterned droplet. The working electrode is further functionalized with thiolated aptamer for hIFN-γ. The hairpin structured aptamer molecule contains redox reporter molecule methylene blue, and the binding of analyte to aptamer-modified electrode inhibits electron transfer from redox reporters to the electrode and causes electrochemical redox signal decrease. The aptasensor demonstrates a linear relationship for hIFN-γ proteins from 10.0 ng/mL to 125.0 ng/mL with detection limit (3σ) of 7.5 ng/mL. The self-patterned droplet aptasensor developed here provides a convenient method for rapid cytokine hIFN-γ detection with high efficiency and accuracy, and demonstrates great potential for the rapid diagnosis of related diseases in a point-of-care testing manner.
2022, 50(11): 1750-1755
doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.210907
Abstract:
Comparing with evaporation, sputtering and other methods, electrodeposition is much cheaper and more convenient in the field of fabricating thin film electrodes, which are versatile to various sensor platforms. In this work, a three-microelectrode system electrodeposited on printed circuit boards was developed, by which the electrode could be directly connected to external detection circuits. The electrodeposited three-electrode system consisted of a gold electrode (working electrode), a platinum electrode (counter electrode) and a Ag/AgCl electrode (reference electrode). The size of a single electrode was 0.5 mm × 0.7 mm, by which the amount of sample required for a single test was only 10-20 μL. When connected to external circuits, the three-microelectrode system could conduct a rapid, quantitative and nonenzymatic detection of glucose in artificial sweat (pH 4.7) by multipotential step and chronoamperometry with a linear range of 50-500 μmol/L and a detection limit of 20 μmol/L.
Comparing with evaporation, sputtering and other methods, electrodeposition is much cheaper and more convenient in the field of fabricating thin film electrodes, which are versatile to various sensor platforms. In this work, a three-microelectrode system electrodeposited on printed circuit boards was developed, by which the electrode could be directly connected to external detection circuits. The electrodeposited three-electrode system consisted of a gold electrode (working electrode), a platinum electrode (counter electrode) and a Ag/AgCl electrode (reference electrode). The size of a single electrode was 0.5 mm × 0.7 mm, by which the amount of sample required for a single test was only 10-20 μL. When connected to external circuits, the three-microelectrode system could conduct a rapid, quantitative and nonenzymatic detection of glucose in artificial sweat (pH 4.7) by multipotential step and chronoamperometry with a linear range of 50-500 μmol/L and a detection limit of 20 μmol/L.
2022, 50(11): 1756-1764
doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.210895
Abstract:
Based on the peroxidase-like activity of metal-organic framework (Fe-MIL-88) and the competitive binding of histone and Fe-MIL-88 to double stranded DNA (dsDNA), a colorimetric and photothermal dual-mode sensor for detection of histone was developed by using oxidized 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (oxTMB) as the signal transducing probe. As a peroxidase-like nanozyme, Fe-MIL-88 could catalyze the reaction of hydrogen peroxide and 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to yield oxTMB. When Fe-MIL-88 and dsDNA mixed, Fe-MIL-88 could combine with dsDNA and its peroxidase activity was blocked, resulting in the reduction of oxTMB in the reaction solution. When histone, Fe-MIL-88 and dsDNA mixed, the competitive binding of histone and Fe-MIL-88 to dsDNA could reduce the amount of dsDNA on the surface of Fe-MIL-88 and cause the recovery of Fe-MIL-88's peroxidase activity, resulting in the increase of oxTMB in the reaction solution. The production of oxTMB increased with the increase of histone concentration. OxTMB was blue with maximum absorption at 650 nm while TMB was colorless. OxTMB could also induce the increase of solution temperature under 808 nm laser irradiation because of its photothermal effect. Therefore, the quantitative determination of histone was achieved indirectly by measuring the content of oxTMB through either spectrophotometry or thermometer. The histone had a linear relationship with the absorbance of the reaction solution in the concentration range of 0.01-20.00 μg/mL using the colorimetric sensor and the detection limit of histone was estimated to be 6.7 ng/mL. Simultaneously, the histone had a linear relationship with the temperature of the reaction solution in the concentration range of 0.05-30.00 μg/mL using the photothermal sensor and the detection limit of histone was estimated to be 36 ng/mL. In addition, the method had good specificity and could be applied to detection of histone in real samples. The method was less time-consuming and the detection of histone could be completed within 60 min. The results obtained by two different sensing modes could be mutually verified to ensure the accuracy of this method. Particularly, a simple thermometer was used as the signal reader instead of large and expensive equipments in the photothermal-sensing technique. Due to the unique features of thermometer such as low cost, portability, wide accessibility and simple operation, this proposed strategy showed great potential for the point-of-care testing of histone at home and in the field in the future.
Based on the peroxidase-like activity of metal-organic framework (Fe-MIL-88) and the competitive binding of histone and Fe-MIL-88 to double stranded DNA (dsDNA), a colorimetric and photothermal dual-mode sensor for detection of histone was developed by using oxidized 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (oxTMB) as the signal transducing probe. As a peroxidase-like nanozyme, Fe-MIL-88 could catalyze the reaction of hydrogen peroxide and 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to yield oxTMB. When Fe-MIL-88 and dsDNA mixed, Fe-MIL-88 could combine with dsDNA and its peroxidase activity was blocked, resulting in the reduction of oxTMB in the reaction solution. When histone, Fe-MIL-88 and dsDNA mixed, the competitive binding of histone and Fe-MIL-88 to dsDNA could reduce the amount of dsDNA on the surface of Fe-MIL-88 and cause the recovery of Fe-MIL-88's peroxidase activity, resulting in the increase of oxTMB in the reaction solution. The production of oxTMB increased with the increase of histone concentration. OxTMB was blue with maximum absorption at 650 nm while TMB was colorless. OxTMB could also induce the increase of solution temperature under 808 nm laser irradiation because of its photothermal effect. Therefore, the quantitative determination of histone was achieved indirectly by measuring the content of oxTMB through either spectrophotometry or thermometer. The histone had a linear relationship with the absorbance of the reaction solution in the concentration range of 0.01-20.00 μg/mL using the colorimetric sensor and the detection limit of histone was estimated to be 6.7 ng/mL. Simultaneously, the histone had a linear relationship with the temperature of the reaction solution in the concentration range of 0.05-30.00 μg/mL using the photothermal sensor and the detection limit of histone was estimated to be 36 ng/mL. In addition, the method had good specificity and could be applied to detection of histone in real samples. The method was less time-consuming and the detection of histone could be completed within 60 min. The results obtained by two different sensing modes could be mutually verified to ensure the accuracy of this method. Particularly, a simple thermometer was used as the signal reader instead of large and expensive equipments in the photothermal-sensing technique. Due to the unique features of thermometer such as low cost, portability, wide accessibility and simple operation, this proposed strategy showed great potential for the point-of-care testing of histone at home and in the field in the future.
2022, 50(11): 1765-1768
doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.221266
Abstract:
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath have "fingerprint" feature, thus can be used as disease markers for early cancer diagnosis. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has a rapid response speed, and it is anti-interference to water molecules. However, the application of SERS for detection of disease markers in exhaled breath is faced with two major challenges: the low detection sensitivity caused by the high mobility of gas molecules and the high misdiagnosis rate induced by detection of single biomarker. Recently, on Angewandte Chemie-International Edition, Professor TIAN Yang from East China Normal University used Cu-doped p-n heterojunction semiconductor with spongy-like structure as SERS substrate. By combining with Raman barcodes, the proposed SERS platform was applied to detect multiple biomarkers in human exhaled breath simultaneously for diagnosis of lung cancer with high sensitivity, providing a new strategy for the early diagnosis of cancers.
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath have "fingerprint" feature, thus can be used as disease markers for early cancer diagnosis. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has a rapid response speed, and it is anti-interference to water molecules. However, the application of SERS for detection of disease markers in exhaled breath is faced with two major challenges: the low detection sensitivity caused by the high mobility of gas molecules and the high misdiagnosis rate induced by detection of single biomarker. Recently, on Angewandte Chemie-International Edition, Professor TIAN Yang from East China Normal University used Cu-doped p-n heterojunction semiconductor with spongy-like structure as SERS substrate. By combining with Raman barcodes, the proposed SERS platform was applied to detect multiple biomarkers in human exhaled breath simultaneously for diagnosis of lung cancer with high sensitivity, providing a new strategy for the early diagnosis of cancers.
2022, 50(11): 1769-1771
doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.210888
Abstract:
The emergence of various SARS-CoV-2 mutants accelerates the development of COVID-19 pandemic and seriously affects the normal society. Increasing the efficiency of virus screening and the ability to identify new mutants is thus crucial to the pandemic prevention and control. Recently, on Science Advances, Professor James J. Collins et al. developed a low-cost (~$15), rapid (~60 min) and portable in-home detection device for SARS-CoV-2 and its variants based on the CRISPR/Cas technology, which was expected to provide a new option for rapid screening of SARS-CoV-2.
The emergence of various SARS-CoV-2 mutants accelerates the development of COVID-19 pandemic and seriously affects the normal society. Increasing the efficiency of virus screening and the ability to identify new mutants is thus crucial to the pandemic prevention and control. Recently, on Science Advances, Professor James J. Collins et al. developed a low-cost (~$15), rapid (~60 min) and portable in-home detection device for SARS-CoV-2 and its variants based on the CRISPR/Cas technology, which was expected to provide a new option for rapid screening of SARS-CoV-2.
