以去离子水为绿色溶剂，Ni (NO₃)₂·6H₂O为镍源，NH₄VO₃为钒源，通过碳酸钠溶液调节沉淀pH值，正丁醇干燥提高比表面积及颗粒分散度，采用改进的共沉淀法制备了相对廉价的钒酸镍负极材料(NVO-NBA)。通过对其微观形貌、比表面积、孔径大小及表面元素分布进行测试，探究了改进共沉淀法对钒酸镍电极材料织构性质的影响。结果表明，沉淀过程中溶液pH值的精准调节及后续加入表面张力较小的醇类溶剂的干燥方式对材料的比表面积、孔径大小、微观结构及颗粒分散度有显著的影响，其中在pH=8的条件下沉淀、后续加入正丁醇辅助干燥得到的样品NVO-8-NBA具有最大的比表面积(86 m²·g^-1)，同时材料形貌为分散度较高、直径较小的球形纳米颗粒。加入乙醇、正丁醇、正己醇等醇类溶剂进行后续干燥得到的钒酸盐材料比表面积均比未加醇处理的样品显著提高，而正丁醇处理的样品效果最好，表明表面张力较小的醇类溶剂可以有效保护共沉淀过程生成的孔道体系，并可使颗粒分散更均匀，同时醇类的碳链长度对其性质也具有显著的影响。未加醇处理的样品NVO-8比表面积仅为20 m²·g^-1，形貌为聚集的大块状。将制备的钒酸镍材料作为锂离子电池的负极材料，其在0.3 A·g^-1的电流密度下，NVO-8-NBA的首圈放电容量可以达到1 519 mAh·g^-1，而NVO-8仅为536 mAh·g^-1。NVO-8-NBA在0.3 A·g^-1的电流密度下循环100次后容量保持在223 mAh·g^-1，而NVO-8仅为70 mAh·g^-1且仍有继续下降的趋势。

A flower-like BiOBr photocatalyst (CS/BiOBr) was prepared by using the carbon material derived from corn straw (CS) as the carrier. The prepared composites were characterized by X - ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FIIR) spectra, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X - ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS). The SEM analyses indicate that the introduction of CS promotes the formation of a unique flower-like structure in BiOBr, which not only optimizes the efficiency of light capture but also increases the specific surface area of BiOBr. The bandgap of the composite was narrower compared with the pure BiOBr. The CS/BiOBr composites exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than pure CS and BiOBr under visible light irradiation, and a higher first-order reaction rate constant (k) of 0.043 7 min^-1 than BiOBr (0.014 6 min^-1), and exhibited excellent stability and reusability during the cyclic run. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the efficient separation of photoinduced electrons and holes. Superoxide radicals and holes were the major active species.

自供电光电探测器可在无外部供能时将入射光信号转换为电信号，实现光探测功能。结合低维材料可将自供电光电探测器尺寸缩小至微纳量级，从而进一步实现器件的微型化和集成化。本文介绍了基于自供电技术的低维材料光电探测器的架构及工作原理，总结了当前自供电光电探测器应用进展，讨论了自供电光电探测器未来的发展方向与存在的问题，希望能为新型自供电光电探测器的材料选择和开发提供参考。

Herein, an FMS/CC composite was successfully fabricated by depositing FeMoS₄ onto a pristine carbon fiber cloth (CC) substrate via a facile two-step hydrothermal method. The amorphous nature of the FMS/CC composite endows it with abundant catalytically active sites, thereby accelerating the reduction of I₃^-. More importantly, the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) prepared by scraping it on flexible titanium mesh with low resistance had low series resistance (R_s). Electrochemical characterizations revealed that the DSSCs employing the FMS/CC counter electrode achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ca. 9.51% (surpassing the ca. 8.15% efficiency of the Pt counter electrode), open-circuit voltage (V_oc) of ca. 0.79 V, short-circuit current density (J_sc) of ca. 18.31 mA·cm^-2, and fill factor (FF) of ca. 0.65. Moreover, after 100 times of cyclic voltammetry (CV) test, the CV curve remainedunchanged, indicating the excellent stability of FMS/CC in the electrolyte containing I^3-/I^-.