BiOCl/聚苯胺的制备及其光催化降解罗丹B性能
张霞, 白羽石, 常熙, 张晗, 张灏昱, 彭利满, 黄姝姝
【无机化学学报】doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240255
采用原位聚合法制备了氯氧化铋(BiOCl)与聚苯胺(PANI)复合的Ⅱ型异质结光催化剂BiOCl/PANI,并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)和N2吸附-脱附测试等多种技术手段对其进行了表征,考察了BiOCl/PANI在模拟可见光下对罗丹明B (RhB)的光催化降解性能。实验结果表明:BiOCl/PANI催化剂比PANI和BiOCl具有更高的光催化活性,在RhB质量浓度为50 mg·L-1、PANI与BiOCl的物质的量之比为0.02∶1、50 mg·L-1的催化剂条件下,所制备的BiOCl/PANI光催化150 min后,RhB降解率为98.8%,速率常数为0.031 min-1;经过4次循环实验后,RhB降解率从98.8%降低至98.4%,表现出良好的稳定性和可重复利用性。光催化剂BiOCl/PANI实现了电子和空穴对的快速分离,降低了二者在催化剂内部的复合速率,提高了光催化性能。
关键词: 光催化, Ⅱ型异质结, BiOCl/polyaniline, 罗丹明B
荧光定量分析实验的改进——化学计量学辅助的三维荧光法同时测定食品中的罗丹6G和罗丹123
文密, 贾宝硕, 柴永琪, 王童, 刘剑波, 吴海龙
【大学化学】doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202405147
仪器分析实验“分子荧光法测定罗丹明B的含量”存在实验过于简单、未考虑实际情况等问题。因此,本改进实验在三维荧光扫描模式下获取样本数据,不进行复杂预处理,而是运用化学计量学算法解析出目标分析物的纯信号,进而实现了染色辣椒中罗丹明6G和123的同时测定。本改进实验提高了学生全面考虑问题和创新解决问题的能力。
关键词: 罗丹明6G, 罗丹明123, 三维荧光, 化学计量学, 染色辣椒
Construction and photocatalytic properties toward rhodamine B of CdS/Fe3O4 heterojunction
Yuan CONG, Yunhao WANG, Wanping LI, Zhicheng ZHANG, Shuo LIU, Huiyuan GUO, Hongyu YUAN, Zhiping ZHOU
【无机化学学报】doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240219
A simple two-step hydrothermal method synthesized four different CdS/Fe3O4 photocatalysts with varying ratios of mass of CdS to Fe3O4. The composition and morphology of the prepared samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Solid UV reflectance spectra testing found that CdS/Fe3O4 nanocomposites had good light absorption throughout the spectral range, promoting their photocatalytic properties. Under visible light irradiation, CdS/Fe3O4 (2:5) with a mass ratio of 2:5 exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance, with a degradation rate of 98.8% for rhodamine B. Furthermore, after five cycles of photocatalytic degradation reaction, the rhodamine B degradation rate remained at 96.2%, indicating that the photocatalysts have good photocatalytic stability.
关键词: CdS/Fe3O4, photocatalyst, degradation rate, rhodamine B
Corn straw-derived carbon/BiOBr composite: Synthesis and photocatalytic degradation performance for rhodamine B
Jin ZHANG, Yuting WANG, Bin YU, Yuxin ZHONG, Yufeng ZHANG
【无机化学学报】doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20250028
A flower-like BiOBr photocatalyst (CS/BiOBr) was prepared by using the carbon material derived from corn straw (CS) as the carrier. The prepared composites were characterized by X - ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FIIR) spectra, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X - ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS). The SEM analyses indicate that the introduction of CS promotes the formation of a unique flower-like structure in BiOBr, which not only optimizes the efficiency of light capture but also increases the specific surface area of BiOBr. The bandgap of the composite was narrower compared with the pure BiOBr. The CS/BiOBr composites exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than pure CS and BiOBr under visible light irradiation, and a higher first-order reaction rate constant (k) of 0.043 7 min-1 than BiOBr (0.014 6 min-1), and exhibited excellent stability and reusability during the cyclic run. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the efficient separation of photoinduced electrons and holes. Superoxide radicals and holes were the major active species.
关键词: corn straws, agricultural waste, BiOBr, photocatalysis, rhodamine B
燃烧热测定实验的课程思政设计
肖厚贞, 王明玉, 刘用, 劳邦盛, 卢凌彬, 庾名槐
【大学化学】doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202310011
采用线上+线下混合式教学模式开展教学改革,将热带作物材料和产品,包括椰肉、椰子油和油棕果实引入物理化学经典实验项目——燃烧热的测定。通过本实验,学生不仅掌握了块状固体、粉末状固体、液体三种不同外貌样品燃烧热的测量技术,还了解了“健康中国”“乡村振兴”“可持续发展”等国家战略的内涵和重大意义,丰富了课程内容,提高了学生学习的积极性,增强了教学过程中立德树人的协同效应,取得了良好的教学效果,具有很好的示范推广价值。
关键词: 物理化学实验, 燃烧热的测定, 课程思政, 教学设计, 热带作物
“完全学分制”下分析化学实验的“多维”教学设计与思政挖掘
张盛, 王明玉, 王小红, 冯建成
【大学化学】doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202307071
基于理工科、农学、海洋等专业人才培养方案和“完全学分制”下人才培养要求,提出“线上线下结合式教学模式”“翻转课堂教学模式”“单道双轨型教学模式”结合的“多维”实验教学法。基于“以成果为导向”“以不同专业为导向”以及“以学生为中心”的思政挖掘理念,运用“自上而下”和“问卷调查”的方法,提炼出七大思政元素,将专业知识传授与思政育人元素有机结合,渗透性地贯穿于课程教学全过程。采用实践性评价、过程性评价与终结性评价相结合的多元化评价方法,注重学生全面能力考核。以开放创新实验与科普性实验设计为抓手,注重竞赛能力提升,强化实践与创新能力,符合“完全学分制”背景下,以成果导向(OBE)为基础的人才培养目标。
关键词: 完全学分制, 分析化学实验, 人才培养, “多维”教学法, 课程思政

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