以废旧棉织物为原料，氯化锌为活化剂，采用一步活化-炭化法制备具有丰富孔隙结构的废旧棉织物基炭吸波材料(CCF)，并探讨了不同氯化锌质量分数对CCF吸波性能的影响。结果表明：氯化锌能够有效丰富CCF的孔隙结构，提高其吸波效果。在炭化温度为700 ℃(N₂气氛下)、氯化锌质量分数为10%时制备的CCF-10的比表面积高达1 310 m²·g^-1，其在厚度为2.0mm时的最小反射损耗达-35.02 dB，有效吸收带宽为5.6 GHz。

有质量微观粒子的“波粒二象性”和“量子化”等是初学量子化学过程中必须理解但又难以理解的基本概念。本文以电子的能量方程和动量算符出发讨论微观粒子的波粒二象性、运动空间的限域化和能量的量子化，推理得出限域导致量子化的结论。

A dual-targeting melanin nanoparticle (MNP-TPP-HA) was constructed by grafting the carboxyl groups of hyaluronic acid (HA) and (4-carboxybutyl) triphenylphosphonium bromide (TPP) onto the surface of polyethylene glycol-amino (PEG-NH₂) modified MNP based on 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxy succinimide (NHS) reaction, endowing melanin with the ability of dual active targeting. The fluorescence imaging of in vitro three-dimensional (3D) tumor models and in vivo photoacoustic imaging (PAI) all reveal the excellent target penetration ability of MNP-TPP-HA.