采用原位聚合法制备了氯氧化铋(BiOCl)与聚苯胺(PANI)复合的Ⅱ型异质结光催化剂BiOCl/PANI，并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)和N2吸附-脱附测试等多种技术手段对其进行了表征，考察了BiOCl/PANI在模拟可见光下对罗丹明B (RhB)的光催化降解性能。实验结果表明：BiOCl/PANI催化剂比PANI和BiOCl具有更高的光催化活性，在RhB质量浓度为50 mg·L^-1、PANI与BiOCl的物质的量之比为0.02∶1、50 mg·L^-1的催化剂条件下，所制备的BiOCl/PANI光催化150 min后，RhB降解率为98.8%，速率常数为0.031 min^-1；经过4次循环实验后，RhB降解率从98.8%降低至98.4%，表现出良好的稳定性和可重复利用性。光催化剂BiOCl/PANI实现了电子和空穴对的快速分离，降低了二者在催化剂内部的复合速率，提高了光催化性能。

酰胺合成是有机化学重要的研究方向之一。将国际前沿的酰胺合成方法引入到基础有机化学实验教学中可以丰富教学内容并促进本科教学与科研成果之间的融合。本文报道了一个以氮杂环卡宾催化醛的极性反转为知识重点的酰胺合成实验，以苯甲醛、亚硝基苯为原料，在无水无氧条件下实现了N-羟基-N-苯基苯甲酰胺的高效合成。该实验利用薄层色谱对反应过程进行监测，并通过红外、核磁共振波谱确定了产物结构。该实验具有操作简单、反应条件温和、高原子经济性、可重复性好等特点，非常适用于本科生实验教学。本实验将极性反转这一重要概念与氮杂环卡宾催化这一科学前沿有机结合起来，有利于激发和培养学生的科研兴趣。

仪器分析实验“分子荧光法测定罗丹明B的含量”存在实验过于简单、未考虑实际情况等问题。因此，本改进实验在三维荧光扫描模式下获取样本数据，不进行复杂预处理，而是运用化学计量学算法解析出目标分析物的纯信号，进而实现了染色辣椒中罗丹明6G和123的同时测定。本改进实验提高了学生全面考虑问题和创新解决问题的能力。

在pH = 5缓冲溶液条件下，对仅有Co²⁺、仅有Ni²⁺、Co²⁺与Ni²⁺混合三种情况下Co²⁺的萃取率进行了探究。结果显示单独萃取Co²⁺时萃取率高达75.47%；然而对于混合溶液，萃取率较单独萃取Co²⁺明显下降。通过系列对比实验发现Ni²⁺的存在对Co²⁺的分光光度测量造成了干扰。因此，在综合性实验中我们利用分光光度法针对Co²⁺的萃取率进行分析，以及对可能影响萃取率的因素——pH、萃取时间、萃取次数进行了探究，寻找最佳实验条件，提高萃取率。

A simple two-step hydrothermal method synthesized four different CdS/Fe₃O₄ photocatalysts with varying ratios of mass of CdS to Fe₃O₄. The composition and morphology of the prepared samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Solid UV reflectance spectra testing found that CdS/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites had good light absorption throughout the spectral range, promoting their photocatalytic properties. Under visible light irradiation, CdS/Fe₃O₄ (2:5) with a mass ratio of 2:5 exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance, with a degradation rate of 98.8% for rhodamine B. Furthermore, after five cycles of photocatalytic degradation reaction, the rhodamine B degradation rate remained at 96.2%, indicating that the photocatalysts have good photocatalytic stability.

A flower-like BiOBr photocatalyst (CS/BiOBr) was prepared by using the carbon material derived from corn straw (CS) as the carrier. The prepared composites were characterized by X - ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FIIR) spectra, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X - ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS). The SEM analyses indicate that the introduction of CS promotes the formation of a unique flower-like structure in BiOBr, which not only optimizes the efficiency of light capture but also increases the specific surface area of BiOBr. The bandgap of the composite was narrower compared with the pure BiOBr. The CS/BiOBr composites exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than pure CS and BiOBr under visible light irradiation, and a higher first-order reaction rate constant (k) of 0.043 7 min^-1 than BiOBr (0.014 6 min^-1), and exhibited excellent stability and reusability during the cyclic run. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the efficient separation of photoinduced electrons and holes. Superoxide radicals and holes were the major active species.

利用溶胶凝胶法制备出一种三角形Au@TiO₂核壳材料。经过水热晶化，该材料膨胀至300 nm，壳层TiO₂晶化为介孔锐钛矿相，但核心三角形Au颗粒的形貌保持不变。采用粉末X射线衍射(PXRD)、ζ电位、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、热重分析(TGA)、光致发光(PL)光谱、光电流(i-t)以及光催化降解技术，对样品的结构和性能进行了系统、详细的检测与分析。经过晶化处理的Au@TiO₂在可见光波段的光降解亚甲蓝性能比未晶化时有了显著的提升, 1 mg·mL^-1 Au@c-TiO₂可以在可见光照射1 h后实现对60 mg·L^-1亚甲蓝全降解。电子顺磁共振(EPR)测试表明·O₂^-和·OH两种自由基对光降解起到了很大作用。通过综合分析实验结果和时域有限差分(FDTD)分析，探究了催化反应的机理。

为了强化本科生拔尖人才的个性化培养，将高水平的科研资源转化为人才培养的教学资源，北京航空航天大学开设了科教融合的“科研课堂”微课题设计实验课程。本文以开设的“金属氧化物亚纳米材料的合成及其在电池储能方面的研究”微课题为例，从教学方法、课程内容、成绩评定和学生反馈等多个环节进行实践和探索。通过充分发挥教师指导、学生主体的优势，科研型教学模式的实施为拓展本科生科研思维、激发科研兴趣、提升科研创新能力提供了有益借鉴。

Using 2-dicyanomethylene-3-cyano-4, 5, 5-trimethyl-2, 5-dihydrofuran (TCF) as a near-infrared fluorescent chromophore, we designed and synthesized a TCF-based fluorescent probe TCF-NS by introducing 2, 4-dinitrophenyl ether as the recognized site for H₂S. The probe TCF-NS displayed a rapid-response fluorescent against H₂S with high sensitivity and selection but had no significant fluorescence response to other biothiols. Furthermore, TCF-NS was applied to sense H₂S in living cells successfully with minimized cytotoxicity and a large Stokes shift.