A new metal-organic framework (MOF) {[Cd(L)_0.5(4, 4'-bpy)_0.5]·H₂O}_n (1), where H₄L=(1, 1': 4', 1″-terphenyl)-2, 2″, 4, 4″-tetracarboxylic acid, 4, 4'-bpy=4, 4'-bipyridine, was synthesized by hydro-solvothermal method. The structure of complex 1 was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and infrared spectrum analysis. The analysis of single crystal structure shows that 1 is a 3D structure, belonging to the monoclinic crystal system, C2/c space group. Cd(Ⅱ) connects L^4- and 4, 4'-bpy to form a 2D plane structure, and the layers are connected by L^4- to form a 3D network structure. The MOF shows good stability and can be used for the detection of tetracycline (TET) and p-nitrophenol (4-NP) by fluorescence quenching. The detection limits of TET and 4-NP were 0.15 and 0.062 μmol·L^-1, respectively. In addition, the fluorescence quenching mechanism of 1 was also studied. 1 can be successfully applied to the determination of TET and 4-NP content in Yanhe water samples.

In this work, p-phenylenediamine and L-cysteine were used as raw materials, and water-soluble N, S co-doped carbon dots (N, S-CDs) with excellent performance were prepared through a one-step solvothermal method. The morphology and structure of N, S-CDs were characterized by transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the basic photophysical properties were investigated via UV-Vis absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra. Meanwhile, the N, S-CDs have excellent luminescence stability with pH, ionic strength, radiation time, and storage time. Experimental results illustrated the present sensor platform exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity in response to baicalein with a detection limit of 85 nmol·L^-1. The quenching mechanism is proved to be the inner filter effect. In addition, this sensor can also detect baicalein in biofluids (serum and urine) with good accuracy and reproducibility.

借用拟人化、第一人称的手法，以Blog的形式对肽类激素催产素从基本概况、研究历史、功能作用等方面进行简要介绍，并与相关物质进行类比分析，用生动有趣的语言让人们对催产素形成初步的认识。

析氢、析氧的动力学过程迟缓，带来电解水制氢能效低、成本高的问题，给绿氢的大规模应用设置了严重障碍。开发具有低成本、高催化性能的催化材料，是突破这一瓶颈问题的关键环节。近年来，高熵材料因其优异的物理和化学性能在各领域受到广泛关注。高的混合熵可以赋予材料大的晶格畸变、显著的迟滞扩散效应和“鸡尾酒”效应，为催化剂的成分设计和性能提升提供了良好平台。高熵材料也因此开始在电解水制氢领域崭露头角，并迅速成为解决绿氢制备低能效问题的一种理想催化剂，是该领域当前的一个研究热点。鉴于此，本文综述了高熵合金和高熵陶瓷在电解水催化方面的研究现状。文章首先基于电解水反应机制，总结了高熵合金、高熵陶瓷催化剂的成分设计和结构调控策略，梳理了用于析氢和析氧催化的不同高熵合金、高熵陶瓷成分体系，介绍了高熵电解水催化剂的合成方法，并对其优缺点进行了评估，最后对该领域面临的挑战和未来发展方向进行了展望，以期为低成本、高性能高熵电解水催化剂的开发提供新思路，促进绿氢相关技术的研究和发展。

维生素D，被誉为“阳光维生素”，在维护人体健康中具有不可或缺的作用。本文从化学角度出发，生动形象地介绍了维生素D的形成过程、发现过程、其在生物学上的功能以及在日常生活中的应用。通过深入了解维生素D，我们能更好地认识并学会如何合理利用这一重要营养素来维护自身健康。

运用拟人化手法，生动形象地介绍抗生素的发现史、分类、作用机制、对人体的不良反应及使用抗生素的注意事项，旨在让读者在趣味阅读中了解有关抗生素的基础知识。

A photothermal agent (ECEI) with high photothermal conversion efficiency (85.78%) was synthesized based on coumarin fluorescent groups. In addition, the experimental results of hot and cold cycling show that ECEI has good photostability. Despite damage to the mitochondrial membrane potential, ECEI can effectively target mitochondria and induce cancer cell death under laser irradiation. This allows ECEI to maximize mitochondrial damage and thus inhibit tumor cell reproduction. Notable, after irradiating mouse tumors once, the mouse tumors gradually disappeared within 10 d. This indicates that ECEI has an excellent tumor inhibition effect.

动力学同位素效应是最近两年在国内外化学竞赛中出现的新兴考点。本文从势能曲线和零点振动能出发，从经典的过渡态理论角度阐释了一级动力学同位素效应和二级动力学同位素效应的起源，简述了动力学同位素效应在反应机理研究中的作用。通过解析国内外化学竞赛相关试题，分析了动力学同位素效应的考察角度，揭示了国内竞赛与国际竞赛的出题导向有一定的延续性。最后对动力学同位素效应的竞赛教学提出了一些思考和建议，对竞赛教学工作者具有参考和借鉴价值。

水系锌离子电池以其安全可靠、成本低、容量大、环境友好等优点被认为是最有前途的储能体系之一。然而，锌金属负极在水系电解液中通常面临严重的副反应和枝晶生长问题。在锌负极表面构建具有高离子迁移动力学的保护层是构筑高稳定、长寿命锌负极的有效策略。本文中，我们在锌负极表面制备了ZnQ分子筛(BPH拓扑)取向保护层，实现了高离子迁移动力学的稳定锌负极(ZnQ@Zn)的构筑。具有三维有序孔道的ZnQ分子筛在锌箔表面定向排列，为锌离子提供了良好的传导通路，分子筛孔道中的水分子有助于调控锌离子的配位环境，从而提高锌离子的迁移动力学。因此，ZnQ@Zn对称电池在1 mA∙cm⁻²的电流密度下展现出27 mV的超低过电势以及超过1100 h的循环寿命。此外，ZnQ@Zn//NaV₃O₈·1.5H₂O全电池在8 A∙g⁻¹的电流密度下循环1800次后，容量保持率高达96%，展现出优异的循环性能。本研究为构筑高迁移动力学锌负极保护层提供了新思路，并拓展了分子筛材料在储能领域中的应用。

析氧反应(OER)催化剂在催化反应过程中不可避免地会发生表面重构，这一过程使得设计、构筑高性能和高稳定性的OER电催化剂充满挑战。在此，我们采用双金属浸出诱导表面重构的策略，构建了高活性和高稳定性的水氧化电催化剂。在该策略中，通过水热、离子交换和后续的退火工艺处理，将由α-CoMoO₄、K₂Co₂(MoO₄)₃、Co₃O₄和CoFe₂O₄四种氧化物晶相组成的材料阵列转换为OER预催化剂。原位电化学拉曼光谱和非原位X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明，其中的不稳定成分K₂Co₂(MoO₄)₃的快速溶解引发了Mo和K的适度浸出，从而在低电压下加速表面富集的α-Co(OH)₂向CoOOH活性相的转化。此外，CoFe₂O₄相耦合重构产生新相CoO与无定形层CoOOH，从而形成CoFe₂O₄@CoO@CoOOH紧密的多相结构，起到“纳米栅栏”的作用，可有效防止催化剂的过度重构，从而赋予重构后的催化剂优异的催化活性和稳定性。本工作为设计高电流密度下具有优异活性和稳定性的OER催化剂提供了新的思路。