摘要: The reverse osmosis (RO) separation of aqueous organic solutions, such as alcohols, amines, aldehydes, acids,ketones, and esters etc., by PAA (polyacrylic acid)/PSF (polysulfone) composite membrane has been studied. It was foundthat the separation results for aliphatic alcohols, amines and aldehydes are satisfactory, the solute rejection (Ra) and thevolume fluxes of solutions (Jv) for 1000 ppm ethanol, ethylamine and ethyl aldehyde are 66.2%, 61.0%, 84.0% and 0.90×10-6, 0.35×10-6, 0.40×10-6m3/m2·s,respectively,at 5.0 MPa and ℃.Ra increased with increasing molecular weights of alcohols,amines and aldehydes,and the Ra for n-amyl alcohol,n-butylamine and n-butyl aldehyde reached 94.3%,88.6% and 96.0%,respectively.Satisfactory separation results (Ra>70%) for ketones,esters,phenols and polyols have been obtained with the PAA/PSF composite membrane.The effect of operating pressure on the properties of reverse osmosis has also been investigated.Analysis of experimental data with Spiegler-Kedem's transport model has been carried out and the membrane constants such as reflection coefficient σ,solute and hydraulic permeabilities ω and Lp for several organic solutes have been obtained.