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2025 Volume 40 Issue 7
2025, 40(7): 1-9
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408019
Abstract:
In the face of profound global changes unseen in a century, interdisciplinary integration has emerged as a key approach to addressing complex challenges. Analytical chemistry, as a bridge linking multiple disciplines, demonstrates an urgent need for interdisciplinary integration teaching. This article examines the current landscape and challenges in cultivating interdisciplinary top-notch talents in Analytical Chemistry in the new era of international competition. It further explores the practical demands of Analytical Chemistry education, proposes innovative teaching strategies, and analyzes future trends in curriculum development. The goal is to provide forward-looking theoretical insights and practical recommendations for training innovative talents equipped to tackle complex problems.
In the face of profound global changes unseen in a century, interdisciplinary integration has emerged as a key approach to addressing complex challenges. Analytical chemistry, as a bridge linking multiple disciplines, demonstrates an urgent need for interdisciplinary integration teaching. This article examines the current landscape and challenges in cultivating interdisciplinary top-notch talents in Analytical Chemistry in the new era of international competition. It further explores the practical demands of Analytical Chemistry education, proposes innovative teaching strategies, and analyzes future trends in curriculum development. The goal is to provide forward-looking theoretical insights and practical recommendations for training innovative talents equipped to tackle complex problems.
2025, 40(7): 10-17
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409057
Abstract:
Inorganic Chemistry serves as the first foundational course for students majoring in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). To help freshmen quickly adapt to the educational objectives and develop a sense of professional identity in TCM, surveys and analyses were conducted before instruction to assess students’ chemical knowledge foundation, professional interests, perceptions of the field, learning cognition, and career aspirations. Teaching strategies were then developed based on the pain points identified in the survey and the characteristics of TCM. Optimization and integration were implemented in areas such as hierarchical teaching, effective knowledge linking, strengthening self-directed learning, expanding learning channels, enhancing unity and cooperation, instilling a sense of professional mission, and efficient time management. This resulted in the formation of a teaching model characterized by professional relevance, student-centered approach, individualized instruction, multidimensional expansion, emotional engagement, and literacy enhancement, aimed at improving the comprehensive competencies of first-year TCM students.
Inorganic Chemistry serves as the first foundational course for students majoring in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). To help freshmen quickly adapt to the educational objectives and develop a sense of professional identity in TCM, surveys and analyses were conducted before instruction to assess students’ chemical knowledge foundation, professional interests, perceptions of the field, learning cognition, and career aspirations. Teaching strategies were then developed based on the pain points identified in the survey and the characteristics of TCM. Optimization and integration were implemented in areas such as hierarchical teaching, effective knowledge linking, strengthening self-directed learning, expanding learning channels, enhancing unity and cooperation, instilling a sense of professional mission, and efficient time management. This resulted in the formation of a teaching model characterized by professional relevance, student-centered approach, individualized instruction, multidimensional expansion, emotional engagement, and literacy enhancement, aimed at improving the comprehensive competencies of first-year TCM students.
2025, 40(7): 18-25
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408133
Abstract:
Aiming at the problems existing in the current chemistry experiment teaching, based on the cultivation of students' application ability and innovative spirit, the experimental teaching system of "one body, two wings, three integration, four combination and five platforms" (12345) was constructed. Guided by the concept of OBE (Outcome based education), with the integration of science and education and the integration of production and education as the starting point, the experiment content was optimized, the experimental teaching model was innovated, the teaching methods and modes were reformed, the assessment and evaluation systems were explored. After 3 years of reform, a four-level, progressive experimental project system has been built, and a task-driven teaching model has been formed, which combines "virtual" and "real", design and innovative experiments, laboratory opening and scientific research, and online and offline teaching. Fruitful results have been achieved in the reform of experimental teaching, the construction of course materials and the training of high quality applied chemical talents.
Aiming at the problems existing in the current chemistry experiment teaching, based on the cultivation of students' application ability and innovative spirit, the experimental teaching system of "one body, two wings, three integration, four combination and five platforms" (12345) was constructed. Guided by the concept of OBE (Outcome based education), with the integration of science and education and the integration of production and education as the starting point, the experiment content was optimized, the experimental teaching model was innovated, the teaching methods and modes were reformed, the assessment and evaluation systems were explored. After 3 years of reform, a four-level, progressive experimental project system has been built, and a task-driven teaching model has been formed, which combines "virtual" and "real", design and innovative experiments, laboratory opening and scientific research, and online and offline teaching. Fruitful results have been achieved in the reform of experimental teaching, the construction of course materials and the training of high quality applied chemical talents.
2025, 40(7): 26-33
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409020
Abstract:
Modern Instrumental Analysis is a core course in chemistry-related majors. Grounded in the Outcome-Based Education (OBE) framework, this study explores the objectives of the course and develops teaching content that integrates ideological and political education. Additionally, a resource library for ideological and political education in Modern Instrumental Analysis is established. The teaching practice combines both teacher-led and student-centered approaches, integrating ideological and political elements into the curriculum. This approach fosters the synergy between professional knowledge and ideological education, promoting the holistic development of students.
Modern Instrumental Analysis is a core course in chemistry-related majors. Grounded in the Outcome-Based Education (OBE) framework, this study explores the objectives of the course and develops teaching content that integrates ideological and political education. Additionally, a resource library for ideological and political education in Modern Instrumental Analysis is established. The teaching practice combines both teacher-led and student-centered approaches, integrating ideological and political elements into the curriculum. This approach fosters the synergy between professional knowledge and ideological education, promoting the holistic development of students.
2025, 40(7): 34-41
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409030
Abstract:
Utilizing the widely covered “Caffeine Extraction from Tea Leaves” experiment at Fudan University, we have constructed an innovative teaching practice that integrates experimental inquiry with ideological and political education. While emphasizing the cultivation of students' solid and standardized experimental operations and skills, we guide students to focus on how fundamental professional skills serve industry development and how basic theories guide practical production applications. This practice stimulates students' innovative thinking and practical abilities, enhances their awareness of teamwork, and elevates their academic literacy. Through subtle influence, it cultivates students' professional service consciousness and sense of social responsibility, thereby improving their professional integrity.
Utilizing the widely covered “Caffeine Extraction from Tea Leaves” experiment at Fudan University, we have constructed an innovative teaching practice that integrates experimental inquiry with ideological and political education. While emphasizing the cultivation of students' solid and standardized experimental operations and skills, we guide students to focus on how fundamental professional skills serve industry development and how basic theories guide practical production applications. This practice stimulates students' innovative thinking and practical abilities, enhances their awareness of teamwork, and elevates their academic literacy. Through subtle influence, it cultivates students' professional service consciousness and sense of social responsibility, thereby improving their professional integrity.
2025, 40(7): 42-47
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408021
Abstract:
The “new requirements” of the “Four New Construction” initiative for talent development necessitate reforms of the organic chemistry course to meet these updated goals. During the course reforming, new course learning objectives were re-established, and the “students-centered” teaching approach across the entire teaching process was designed. The course contents and the teaching mode were re-constructed. Moreover, diversified course assessment methods were performed to evaluate the learning effect of students. As a result, an organic chemistry curriculum system with unique characteristics was established that is tailored to our university.
The “new requirements” of the “Four New Construction” initiative for talent development necessitate reforms of the organic chemistry course to meet these updated goals. During the course reforming, new course learning objectives were re-established, and the “students-centered” teaching approach across the entire teaching process was designed. The course contents and the teaching mode were re-constructed. Moreover, diversified course assessment methods were performed to evaluate the learning effect of students. As a result, an organic chemistry curriculum system with unique characteristics was established that is tailored to our university.
2025, 40(7): 48-54
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409054
Abstract:
This paper examines the implementation of graded teaching in the Public Organic Chemistry course at Xinjiang Agricultural University, focusing on its impact on enhancing teaching quality and student learning outcomes. It outlines the theoretical foundation, implementation strategies, and practical aspects of graded teaching. Through comprehensive data collection from the teaching process, this study analyzes student learning outcomes, identifies areas for improvement, and suggests recommendations for further enhancement.
This paper examines the implementation of graded teaching in the Public Organic Chemistry course at Xinjiang Agricultural University, focusing on its impact on enhancing teaching quality and student learning outcomes. It outlines the theoretical foundation, implementation strategies, and practical aspects of graded teaching. Through comprehensive data collection from the teaching process, this study analyzes student learning outcomes, identifies areas for improvement, and suggests recommendations for further enhancement.
2025, 40(7): 55-61
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409075
Abstract:
To advance the development of first-class applied chemistry programs, this study emphasizes the integrated, collaborative growth of education, research, and technological innovation. It aims to innovate experimental teaching content, deepen experimental teaching reforms, and cultivate top-tier innovative talents. Leveraging the provincial experiment teaching demonstration center of chemistry and analysis testing (SWUST), we explored and implemented a comprehensive, multi-level experimental curriculum system for applied chemistry. This system features an integrated approach, a versatile team of innovative experimental instructors, and multi-module, multidimensional experimental course resources. It also incorporates an interactive online-offline teaching mode and adopts a competition-driven model for fostering exceptional talents.
To advance the development of first-class applied chemistry programs, this study emphasizes the integrated, collaborative growth of education, research, and technological innovation. It aims to innovate experimental teaching content, deepen experimental teaching reforms, and cultivate top-tier innovative talents. Leveraging the provincial experiment teaching demonstration center of chemistry and analysis testing (SWUST), we explored and implemented a comprehensive, multi-level experimental curriculum system for applied chemistry. This system features an integrated approach, a versatile team of innovative experimental instructors, and multi-module, multidimensional experimental course resources. It also incorporates an interactive online-offline teaching mode and adopts a competition-driven model for fostering exceptional talents.
2025, 40(7): 62-70
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409102
Abstract:
Physical chemistry is a foundational course for undergraduates majoring in chemistry, chemical engineering, and chemical materials. The nature of the course requires students to possess strong logical thinking skills. To address the challenges of mastering physical chemistry concepts and enhancing practical application abilities, we implemented a reform in the exercise-based lectures, tailored to the specific characteristics of our students. Based on the “Cone of Learning” theory, the reform incorporated project-based learning, continuous improvements in exercise sessions, and the integration of “micro-lessons” and “Internet+” strategies. This revised model is well-suited for our students and can serve as a reference for other local, application-oriented undergraduate institutions.
Physical chemistry is a foundational course for undergraduates majoring in chemistry, chemical engineering, and chemical materials. The nature of the course requires students to possess strong logical thinking skills. To address the challenges of mastering physical chemistry concepts and enhancing practical application abilities, we implemented a reform in the exercise-based lectures, tailored to the specific characteristics of our students. Based on the “Cone of Learning” theory, the reform incorporated project-based learning, continuous improvements in exercise sessions, and the integration of “micro-lessons” and “Internet+” strategies. This revised model is well-suited for our students and can serve as a reference for other local, application-oriented undergraduate institutions.
2025, 40(7): 71-78
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409118
Abstract:
The “Physical Chemistry Experiment” is a core foundational course for students majoring in chemistry, environmental science, and pharmaceutical sciences. Traditional offline experimental teaching methods are increasingly inadequate in meeting the general demands of talent development under the “emerging engineering education” framework. Moreover, these methods fail to address the unique needs of ethnic universities in training professionals who can serve ethnic regions. Consequently, reform and innovation in teaching are urgently needed. In response, the Physical Chemistry teaching team at Southwest Minzu University has developed a blended first-class course, “Physical Chemistry Experiment I”, which is recognized as a leading course in Sichuan Province. Key innovations in this course include the restructuring of the teaching model, enhancement of course content, diversification of teaching methods, and the development of a multidimensional assessment system. These innovations aim to achieve the threefold educational goals of “knowledge, skills, and values”. Furthermore, the team has established an evidence-based pedagogical research model that integrates "teaching reflection–teaching reform–classroom application–feedback”, offering a framework that can be applied to other chemistry experiment courses. The results and experiences gained can serve as a valuable reference for the development of high-quality blended experimental courses.
The “Physical Chemistry Experiment” is a core foundational course for students majoring in chemistry, environmental science, and pharmaceutical sciences. Traditional offline experimental teaching methods are increasingly inadequate in meeting the general demands of talent development under the “emerging engineering education” framework. Moreover, these methods fail to address the unique needs of ethnic universities in training professionals who can serve ethnic regions. Consequently, reform and innovation in teaching are urgently needed. In response, the Physical Chemistry teaching team at Southwest Minzu University has developed a blended first-class course, “Physical Chemistry Experiment I”, which is recognized as a leading course in Sichuan Province. Key innovations in this course include the restructuring of the teaching model, enhancement of course content, diversification of teaching methods, and the development of a multidimensional assessment system. These innovations aim to achieve the threefold educational goals of “knowledge, skills, and values”. Furthermore, the team has established an evidence-based pedagogical research model that integrates "teaching reflection–teaching reform–classroom application–feedback”, offering a framework that can be applied to other chemistry experiment courses. The results and experiences gained can serve as a valuable reference for the development of high-quality blended experimental courses.
2025, 40(7): 79-82
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409090
Abstract:
This paper explores the innovations and practices in English teaching within the Instrumental Analysis course at the university level. Addressing the challenges posed by students’ varying levels of English proficiency and the common difficulties encountered by instructors, this study proposes solutions through innovative course design, teaching methods, and educational resources. The paper analyzes the impact of tiered instruction on enhancing student engagement and learning outcomes, utilizing literature, multimedia resources, and virtual laboratories to facilitate a better understanding of the content taught in English. Finally, the article offers insights into future course optimizations, aiming to provide guidance and support for the internationalization of chemistry laboratory courses.
This paper explores the innovations and practices in English teaching within the Instrumental Analysis course at the university level. Addressing the challenges posed by students’ varying levels of English proficiency and the common difficulties encountered by instructors, this study proposes solutions through innovative course design, teaching methods, and educational resources. The paper analyzes the impact of tiered instruction on enhancing student engagement and learning outcomes, utilizing literature, multimedia resources, and virtual laboratories to facilitate a better understanding of the content taught in English. Finally, the article offers insights into future course optimizations, aiming to provide guidance and support for the internationalization of chemistry laboratory courses.
2025, 40(7): 83-89
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409059
Abstract:
Bilingual-driven innovative experimental teaching is designed to meet the demands of modern education and the country’s need for innovative talents. This approach not only strengthens students’ foundational knowledge in instrumental analysis and enhances their operational skills, but also fosters a more comprehensive sense of independent innovation. Under the guidance of instructors, students engage in self-directed learning using both Chinese and English resources, integrating this knowledge into various aspects of their work, such as designing self-made instruments, assembling components, and debugging signals. The teaching method has shifted from traditional lectures to an innovative, integrated approach that combines teaching with research. The incorporation of bilingual instruction broadens students’ perspectives, enhances their capacity for independent innovation, and lays a strong foundation for cultivating talents in scientific research and innovation.
Bilingual-driven innovative experimental teaching is designed to meet the demands of modern education and the country’s need for innovative talents. This approach not only strengthens students’ foundational knowledge in instrumental analysis and enhances their operational skills, but also fosters a more comprehensive sense of independent innovation. Under the guidance of instructors, students engage in self-directed learning using both Chinese and English resources, integrating this knowledge into various aspects of their work, such as designing self-made instruments, assembling components, and debugging signals. The teaching method has shifted from traditional lectures to an innovative, integrated approach that combines teaching with research. The incorporation of bilingual instruction broadens students’ perspectives, enhances their capacity for independent innovation, and lays a strong foundation for cultivating talents in scientific research and innovation.
2025, 40(7): 90-96
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409121
Abstract:
The development and enhancement of undergraduate courses taught in English is a crucial pathway for top universities to cultivate internationally competitive talents and to raise their global profile. This paper uses the example of the English-taught “General Chemistry” course to explore the content and teaching methods for such courses designed for both domestic and international freshmen from multiple disciplines. The aim is to provide insights for improving the relevance and educational effectiveness of English-taught chemistry courses at the undergraduate level.
The development and enhancement of undergraduate courses taught in English is a crucial pathway for top universities to cultivate internationally competitive talents and to raise their global profile. This paper uses the example of the English-taught “General Chemistry” course to explore the content and teaching methods for such courses designed for both domestic and international freshmen from multiple disciplines. The aim is to provide insights for improving the relevance and educational effectiveness of English-taught chemistry courses at the undergraduate level.
2025, 40(7): 97-105
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408031
Abstract:
To address the inherent challenges of extensive theoretical complexity in organic chemistry education and its insufficient integration with agricultural and forestry disciplines, we developed the value-driven O-VALUE innovation model. This comprehensive approach features three core components: 1) Restructured instructional content organized into thematic modules that present chemical solutions to agriculture-forestry challenges; 2) Enhanced pedagogical strategies employing problem-based seminars, practical case analyses, and immersive four-month agricultural research projects; 3) Enriched curriculum resources building upon national first-class online courses, emphasizing “structure-property-function” chemical reasoning complemented by SPOC modules for professional competency development. The evaluation system incorporates chemical thinking applications in agriculture-forestry problem-solving as key ideological assessment metrics. Through systematic implementation, this reform transforms the omnipresent chemical principles in interdisciplinary studies into engaging learning experiences, while translating chemistry's versatile applications into professional commitments for life sciences and agricultural advancement. Empirical results demonstrate enhanced student competencies in addressing plant protection, food security, pharmaceutical development, and sustainable resource utilization, significantly improving learning outcomes and professional motivation.
To address the inherent challenges of extensive theoretical complexity in organic chemistry education and its insufficient integration with agricultural and forestry disciplines, we developed the value-driven O-VALUE innovation model. This comprehensive approach features three core components: 1) Restructured instructional content organized into thematic modules that present chemical solutions to agriculture-forestry challenges; 2) Enhanced pedagogical strategies employing problem-based seminars, practical case analyses, and immersive four-month agricultural research projects; 3) Enriched curriculum resources building upon national first-class online courses, emphasizing “structure-property-function” chemical reasoning complemented by SPOC modules for professional competency development. The evaluation system incorporates chemical thinking applications in agriculture-forestry problem-solving as key ideological assessment metrics. Through systematic implementation, this reform transforms the omnipresent chemical principles in interdisciplinary studies into engaging learning experiences, while translating chemistry's versatile applications into professional commitments for life sciences and agricultural advancement. Empirical results demonstrate enhanced student competencies in addressing plant protection, food security, pharmaceutical development, and sustainable resource utilization, significantly improving learning outcomes and professional motivation.
2025, 40(7): 106-111
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408043
Abstract:
The implementation of thematic seminar-based pedagogy in analytical chemistry education demonstrates dual advantages in enhancing comprehension of analytical methodologies' fundamental principles and practical implementations, while simultaneously fostering awareness of cutting-edge advancements in analytical techniques. This study elucidates the imperative for pedagogical innovation in spectral analysis instruction through systematic examination of seminar case design, implementation protocols, assessment metrics, and empirical outcomes. The investigation further identifies current challenges and proposes evidence-based strategies for optimizing chemistry education outcomes, offering novel insights for curriculum development in analytical chemistry disciplines.
The implementation of thematic seminar-based pedagogy in analytical chemistry education demonstrates dual advantages in enhancing comprehension of analytical methodologies' fundamental principles and practical implementations, while simultaneously fostering awareness of cutting-edge advancements in analytical techniques. This study elucidates the imperative for pedagogical innovation in spectral analysis instruction through systematic examination of seminar case design, implementation protocols, assessment metrics, and empirical outcomes. The investigation further identifies current challenges and proposes evidence-based strategies for optimizing chemistry education outcomes, offering novel insights for curriculum development in analytical chemistry disciplines.
2025, 40(7): 112-118
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202503052
Abstract:
The “Principles of Chemical Engineering” course is a fundamental core subject for students specializing in chemical engineering and related disciplines. It plays a critical role in building their theoretical foundation, engineering competencies, and innovative thinking. To address various challenges in teaching this course, the instructional team has adopted a student-centered, interdisciplinary, and digitally enhanced approach. This strategy integrates cross-disciplinary content, broadens multidimensional teaching resources, implements a four-stage progressive learning model, incorporates project-based problems with AI virtual team members, enriches evaluation criteria, and deepens assessment frameworks to drive instructional innovation. These reforms have effectively increased students' engagement and affinity for the course, strengthened their engineering mindset, and enhanced their innovative capabilities. Ultimately, these improvements elevate the overall teaching quality of the "Principles of Chemical Engineering" course, fostering “quasi-engineers” with strong practical engineering skills and innovative thinking.
The “Principles of Chemical Engineering” course is a fundamental core subject for students specializing in chemical engineering and related disciplines. It plays a critical role in building their theoretical foundation, engineering competencies, and innovative thinking. To address various challenges in teaching this course, the instructional team has adopted a student-centered, interdisciplinary, and digitally enhanced approach. This strategy integrates cross-disciplinary content, broadens multidimensional teaching resources, implements a four-stage progressive learning model, incorporates project-based problems with AI virtual team members, enriches evaluation criteria, and deepens assessment frameworks to drive instructional innovation. These reforms have effectively increased students' engagement and affinity for the course, strengthened their engineering mindset, and enhanced their innovative capabilities. Ultimately, these improvements elevate the overall teaching quality of the "Principles of Chemical Engineering" course, fostering “quasi-engineers” with strong practical engineering skills and innovative thinking.
2025, 40(7): 119-126
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408093
Abstract:
To achieve deep integration of ideological and political education with inorganic chemistry experiments, this educational initiative leverages a self-developed information resource platform. Through diversified pedagogical approaches including laboratory safety training, standardized operational protocols, scenario-based teaching at the Hunan Geological Museum, and virtual simulation experiments, complemented by a multidimensional assessment system covering the entire experimental process, the program aims to enhance students' comprehensive competencies. It focuses on developing experimental skills, safety awareness, environmental responsibility, teamwork capabilities, scientific reasoning, and innovative thinking. Simultaneously, it cultivates self-directed learning abilities while stimulating their scientific curiosity and motivation for exploration, thereby establishing a robust foundation for holistic competence development.
To achieve deep integration of ideological and political education with inorganic chemistry experiments, this educational initiative leverages a self-developed information resource platform. Through diversified pedagogical approaches including laboratory safety training, standardized operational protocols, scenario-based teaching at the Hunan Geological Museum, and virtual simulation experiments, complemented by a multidimensional assessment system covering the entire experimental process, the program aims to enhance students' comprehensive competencies. It focuses on developing experimental skills, safety awareness, environmental responsibility, teamwork capabilities, scientific reasoning, and innovative thinking. Simultaneously, it cultivates self-directed learning abilities while stimulating their scientific curiosity and motivation for exploration, thereby establishing a robust foundation for holistic competence development.
2025, 40(7): 127-131
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409037
Abstract:
Leveraging the distinctive educational features of aerospace specialties, this study establishes a comprehensive integration of knowledge systems between inorganic chemistry principles and inorganic element courses. By implementing the STEM teaching philosophy, we have constructed an innovative and substantive inorganic chemistry teaching framework. This model effectively addresses current challenges and critical issues in inorganic chemistry education, enhances the course’s inclusivity and academic rigor, and provides essential curricular support for cultivating chemistry professionals in the new era.
Leveraging the distinctive educational features of aerospace specialties, this study establishes a comprehensive integration of knowledge systems between inorganic chemistry principles and inorganic element courses. By implementing the STEM teaching philosophy, we have constructed an innovative and substantive inorganic chemistry teaching framework. This model effectively addresses current challenges and critical issues in inorganic chemistry education, enhances the course’s inclusivity and academic rigor, and provides essential curricular support for cultivating chemistry professionals in the new era.
2025, 40(7): 132-140
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409050
Abstract:
In higher education, chemistry serves as a fundamental discipline across numerous academic fields. However, the ongoing curriculum reforms in secondary education, coupled with regional and annual variations in college entrance examination policies and the implementation of independent enrollment policies in certain institutions, have resulted in significant disparities in students' foundational chemistry knowledge. This heterogeneity poses substantial challenges to the standardized teaching and assessment frameworks in university-level basic chemistry courses. Using agricultural universities as a case study, the implementation of innovative teaching strategies and optimized curriculum models has demonstrated remarkable success in enhancing the motivation, adaptability, and pass rates of students with weak chemistry foundations. These approaches provide robust support for the effective delivery of basic chemistry courses and the improvement of student learning outcomes in higher education.
In higher education, chemistry serves as a fundamental discipline across numerous academic fields. However, the ongoing curriculum reforms in secondary education, coupled with regional and annual variations in college entrance examination policies and the implementation of independent enrollment policies in certain institutions, have resulted in significant disparities in students' foundational chemistry knowledge. This heterogeneity poses substantial challenges to the standardized teaching and assessment frameworks in university-level basic chemistry courses. Using agricultural universities as a case study, the implementation of innovative teaching strategies and optimized curriculum models has demonstrated remarkable success in enhancing the motivation, adaptability, and pass rates of students with weak chemistry foundations. These approaches provide robust support for the effective delivery of basic chemistry courses and the improvement of student learning outcomes in higher education.
2025, 40(7): 141-147
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409097
Abstract:
Student-centered “practical teaching” has emerged as an innovative approach to implement the fundamental mission of "cultivating virtue and nurturing talents" in the new era, gradually becoming a key direction for classroom teaching reform. Addressing the challenges of the Instrumental Analysis course—characterized by fragmented knowledge points, complex theories, and difficulties in systematic memorization—this study focuses on the X-ray instrumentation chapter as a case study. Given that X-ray research alone has yielded over 20 Nobel Prize-winning discoveries, students often struggle with learning effectiveness and develop apprehension toward the subject, leading to reduced motivation. To address this, our teaching team developed a “context-driven classroom with clue-guided reasoning” approach. Breaking conventional boundaries, we incorporated elements from the popular “murder mystery game” format to engage students. By situating learners in historical contexts from a century ago, we provided initial clues about "X-ray discovery," using outcomes from each scenario as leads for subsequent investigations. This method progressively guides students through key challenges: understanding X-ray characteristics, exploring potential applications, and comprehending instrumental principles. The approach not only bridges the gap between students and Nobel Prize-level research but also reduces learning anxiety while enhancing active exploration, self-directed learning, and divergent thinking. Ultimately, it effectively cultivates students' innovative thinking and logical reasoning skills through progressive learning, providing classroom-based support for developing a comprehensive training system for high-level scientific instrumentation talent.
Student-centered “practical teaching” has emerged as an innovative approach to implement the fundamental mission of "cultivating virtue and nurturing talents" in the new era, gradually becoming a key direction for classroom teaching reform. Addressing the challenges of the Instrumental Analysis course—characterized by fragmented knowledge points, complex theories, and difficulties in systematic memorization—this study focuses on the X-ray instrumentation chapter as a case study. Given that X-ray research alone has yielded over 20 Nobel Prize-winning discoveries, students often struggle with learning effectiveness and develop apprehension toward the subject, leading to reduced motivation. To address this, our teaching team developed a “context-driven classroom with clue-guided reasoning” approach. Breaking conventional boundaries, we incorporated elements from the popular “murder mystery game” format to engage students. By situating learners in historical contexts from a century ago, we provided initial clues about "X-ray discovery," using outcomes from each scenario as leads for subsequent investigations. This method progressively guides students through key challenges: understanding X-ray characteristics, exploring potential applications, and comprehending instrumental principles. The approach not only bridges the gap between students and Nobel Prize-level research but also reduces learning anxiety while enhancing active exploration, self-directed learning, and divergent thinking. Ultimately, it effectively cultivates students' innovative thinking and logical reasoning skills through progressive learning, providing classroom-based support for developing a comprehensive training system for high-level scientific instrumentation talent.
2025, 40(7): 148-155
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202410068
Abstract:
The “Analytical Chemistry” textbook co-edited by Central China Normal University has undergone five editions since its inaugural publication in 1981, spanning 43 years with 96 reprints. Widely adopted and highly regarded by educators and students alike, this work has established significant academic influence. This article examines the historical context, distinctive compilation approaches, and societal reception across these five editions. While each edition exhibits content variations, all consistently uphold the guiding principle of “Localization, Contemporary Relevance, Future Vision” — the cornerstone of the textbook's enduring success and progressive development.
The “Analytical Chemistry” textbook co-edited by Central China Normal University has undergone five editions since its inaugural publication in 1981, spanning 43 years with 96 reprints. Widely adopted and highly regarded by educators and students alike, this work has established significant academic influence. This article examines the historical context, distinctive compilation approaches, and societal reception across these five editions. While each edition exhibits content variations, all consistently uphold the guiding principle of “Localization, Contemporary Relevance, Future Vision” — the cornerstone of the textbook's enduring success and progressive development.
2025, 40(7): 156-160
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409131
Abstract:
In response to national strategic imperatives in science, technology, and education, Tongji University has implemented a series of international collaborative initiatives aimed at advancing the clinical translation of biomedical polymeric materials. Tongji University has engaged several internationally renowned scholars to conduct interdisciplinary research in this field. Through the adoption of an integrated teaching methodology that optimizes Chinese and international educational approaches, the institution has actively organized various international academic exchange programs for students. The curriculum was systematically organized through the incorporation of cutting-edge knowledge, complemented by the implementation of a dual-mentor system involving both domestic and international supervisors. These comprehensive approaches are designed to cultivate a new generation of innovative professionals in the biomedical materials field, who possess both specialized expertise and international competitiveness, thereby contributing to the advancement of national scientific and technological capabilities.
In response to national strategic imperatives in science, technology, and education, Tongji University has implemented a series of international collaborative initiatives aimed at advancing the clinical translation of biomedical polymeric materials. Tongji University has engaged several internationally renowned scholars to conduct interdisciplinary research in this field. Through the adoption of an integrated teaching methodology that optimizes Chinese and international educational approaches, the institution has actively organized various international academic exchange programs for students. The curriculum was systematically organized through the incorporation of cutting-edge knowledge, complemented by the implementation of a dual-mentor system involving both domestic and international supervisors. These comprehensive approaches are designed to cultivate a new generation of innovative professionals in the biomedical materials field, who possess both specialized expertise and international competitiveness, thereby contributing to the advancement of national scientific and technological capabilities.
2025, 40(7): 161-168
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202502073
Abstract:
The determination of stereochemistry represents a fundamental aspect in both Organic Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry, constituting an essential competency for graduate students in related disciplines. While the Mosher method has been extensively employed for stereochemical determination of secondary alcohols and amines in pharmaceutical molecules, dedicated pedagogical reports remain scarce. This paper implemented the BOPPPS teaching model, integrating information technology, to develop and execute a graduate-level curriculum focusing on spectral analysis through authentic research cases. The instructional design aimed to facilitate students' rapid acquisition of the Mosher method's theoretical principles, practical applications, and operational techniques. The results demonstrated that this teaching approach not only enhanced students' comprehension of theoretical knowledge but also significantly improved their problem-solving capabilities in practical contexts, thereby presenting a valuable pedagogical model worthy of broader dissemination and adaptation.
The determination of stereochemistry represents a fundamental aspect in both Organic Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry, constituting an essential competency for graduate students in related disciplines. While the Mosher method has been extensively employed for stereochemical determination of secondary alcohols and amines in pharmaceutical molecules, dedicated pedagogical reports remain scarce. This paper implemented the BOPPPS teaching model, integrating information technology, to develop and execute a graduate-level curriculum focusing on spectral analysis through authentic research cases. The instructional design aimed to facilitate students' rapid acquisition of the Mosher method's theoretical principles, practical applications, and operational techniques. The results demonstrated that this teaching approach not only enhanced students' comprehension of theoretical knowledge but also significantly improved their problem-solving capabilities in practical contexts, thereby presenting a valuable pedagogical model worthy of broader dissemination and adaptation.
2025, 40(7): 169-176
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409070
Abstract:
Rearrangement reactions are a key focus in undergraduate organic chemistry education. However, while ionic rearrangement reactions and pericyclic reactions are extensively covered, radical rearrangement reactions are rarely introduced in university curricula. This gap often results in an incomplete understanding of the subject by students. This article aligns with recent developments in the field and presents an overview of visible-light photocatalyzed radical rearrangement reactions, framed through the lens of functional groups, which undergraduates are well-prepared to grasp. By selecting representative reactions that are both illustrative and accessible to undergraduates, and by analyzing them from a mechanistic standpoint, this paper aims to bridge the gap between foundational teaching and cutting-edge chemistry. This approach not only addresses gaps in textbooks but also broadens students' knowledge, fostering their curiosity and enthusiasm for exploring the mysteries of chemistry.
Rearrangement reactions are a key focus in undergraduate organic chemistry education. However, while ionic rearrangement reactions and pericyclic reactions are extensively covered, radical rearrangement reactions are rarely introduced in university curricula. This gap often results in an incomplete understanding of the subject by students. This article aligns with recent developments in the field and presents an overview of visible-light photocatalyzed radical rearrangement reactions, framed through the lens of functional groups, which undergraduates are well-prepared to grasp. By selecting representative reactions that are both illustrative and accessible to undergraduates, and by analyzing them from a mechanistic standpoint, this paper aims to bridge the gap between foundational teaching and cutting-edge chemistry. This approach not only addresses gaps in textbooks but also broadens students' knowledge, fostering their curiosity and enthusiasm for exploring the mysteries of chemistry.
2025, 40(7): 177-188
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409072
Abstract:
Cyanides are widely present in nature and are highly toxic, often evoking significant concern. The development of human civilization and scientific technology has led to a gradual deepening of the exploration of cyanides, with continuous advancements in understanding and comprehension. However, they are also essential components of the Earth’s primordial atmosphere and play a crucial role as reactive intermediates in the synthesis of key biomolecules, such as amino acids. Hydrocyanic acid and its salts are of critical importance in various industrial processes, including electroplating, dyeing, washing, painting, rubber manufacturing, textiles, and gold mining. Moreover, cyanides are important research subjects in modern medicine and energy fields. This paper explores the dual nature of cyanides, highlighting their role as both a remnant of early Earth’s atmosphere and a catalyst for technological progress. By examining their industrial applications and potential research directions, the paper aims to shed light on the complex role of cyanides in the advancement of human civilization and their ongoing potential for future exploration.
Cyanides are widely present in nature and are highly toxic, often evoking significant concern. The development of human civilization and scientific technology has led to a gradual deepening of the exploration of cyanides, with continuous advancements in understanding and comprehension. However, they are also essential components of the Earth’s primordial atmosphere and play a crucial role as reactive intermediates in the synthesis of key biomolecules, such as amino acids. Hydrocyanic acid and its salts are of critical importance in various industrial processes, including electroplating, dyeing, washing, painting, rubber manufacturing, textiles, and gold mining. Moreover, cyanides are important research subjects in modern medicine and energy fields. This paper explores the dual nature of cyanides, highlighting their role as both a remnant of early Earth’s atmosphere and a catalyst for technological progress. By examining their industrial applications and potential research directions, the paper aims to shed light on the complex role of cyanides in the advancement of human civilization and their ongoing potential for future exploration.
2025, 40(7): 189-199
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202405182
Abstract:
This paper explores the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of chemistry and the revolutionary changes it brings. By leveraging AI's powerful data analysis and pattern recognition capabilities, it is transforming traditional chemical research methodologies, achieving breakthroughs in areas ranging from molecular synthesis to drug discovery. Specific case studies illustrate AI’s role in accelerating the discovery of new materials, enabling autonomous chemical laboratory operations, and advancing personalized chemistry education. Additionally, AI’s applications in environmental and green chemistry demonstrate its potential in pollutant behavior analysis and the development of new energy technologies. The paper emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, data sharing, and the introduction of AI courses to fully harness AI's potential in chemistry, thereby advancing scientific research.
This paper explores the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of chemistry and the revolutionary changes it brings. By leveraging AI's powerful data analysis and pattern recognition capabilities, it is transforming traditional chemical research methodologies, achieving breakthroughs in areas ranging from molecular synthesis to drug discovery. Specific case studies illustrate AI’s role in accelerating the discovery of new materials, enabling autonomous chemical laboratory operations, and advancing personalized chemistry education. Additionally, AI’s applications in environmental and green chemistry demonstrate its potential in pollutant behavior analysis and the development of new energy technologies. The paper emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, data sharing, and the introduction of AI courses to fully harness AI's potential in chemistry, thereby advancing scientific research.
2025, 40(7): 200-212
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202410024
Abstract:
The toxic side effects resulting from the low selectivity of chemotherapeutic drugs are a significant challenge in clinical treatment. Photoactivated therapy can achieve precise regulation of drug activity at the tumor site with the help of spatial and temporal modulation of light, which minimizes the toxic side effects. Hypoxia is a characteristic of solid tumors. Therefore, oxygen-independent photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT) matches the requirements of hypoxic tumor treatment. Due to their rich photophysical and photochemical properties, Ru(II) complexes are potential candidates for constructing PACT prodrugs. Upon irradiation, Ru(II)-based PACT prodrugs generate Ru(II)-solvent species and free ligands, which subsequently bind to biomolecules to inhibit their biological functions, and the latter usually also possess DNA-damaging or protein-inhibiting abilities, further enhancing the antitumor activity. The rational design strategy of Ru(II)-based PACT prodrugs is still unclear. Herein, we briefly introduce the research progress of Ru(II)-based PACT prodrugs to overcome hypoxic tumors from the perspective of ligand coordination number based on the photoactivation mechanism, preliminarily explore their molecular design strategies, summarize the challenges faced in this field and look forward to their future applications. We hope this review will provide a reference for the design of new efficient and low-toxic Ru(II)-based PACT prodrugs.
The toxic side effects resulting from the low selectivity of chemotherapeutic drugs are a significant challenge in clinical treatment. Photoactivated therapy can achieve precise regulation of drug activity at the tumor site with the help of spatial and temporal modulation of light, which minimizes the toxic side effects. Hypoxia is a characteristic of solid tumors. Therefore, oxygen-independent photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT) matches the requirements of hypoxic tumor treatment. Due to their rich photophysical and photochemical properties, Ru(II) complexes are potential candidates for constructing PACT prodrugs. Upon irradiation, Ru(II)-based PACT prodrugs generate Ru(II)-solvent species and free ligands, which subsequently bind to biomolecules to inhibit their biological functions, and the latter usually also possess DNA-damaging or protein-inhibiting abilities, further enhancing the antitumor activity. The rational design strategy of Ru(II)-based PACT prodrugs is still unclear. Herein, we briefly introduce the research progress of Ru(II)-based PACT prodrugs to overcome hypoxic tumors from the perspective of ligand coordination number based on the photoactivation mechanism, preliminarily explore their molecular design strategies, summarize the challenges faced in this field and look forward to their future applications. We hope this review will provide a reference for the design of new efficient and low-toxic Ru(II)-based PACT prodrugs.
2025, 40(7): 213-217
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409040
Abstract:
Increased carbon dioxide concentrations may contribute to global warming, damaging ecosystems; however, CO2 can also be captured and converted into valuable chemicals. Carbon dioxide and epoxy compounds can undergo a cycloaddition reaction, producing carbonates that can be effectively utilized as chemical raw materials. This article adopts a first-person perspective and personification, comparing carbon dioxide and epoxy compounds to two children—“Ice” and “Fire”—who are troubled by environmental degradation but determined to rebuild their home. Through their adventurous journey to overcome numerous obstacles and collect carbonates, the article introduces the mechanism of the cycloaddition reaction, typical catalysts, and the applications of carbonates in various industries.
Increased carbon dioxide concentrations may contribute to global warming, damaging ecosystems; however, CO2 can also be captured and converted into valuable chemicals. Carbon dioxide and epoxy compounds can undergo a cycloaddition reaction, producing carbonates that can be effectively utilized as chemical raw materials. This article adopts a first-person perspective and personification, comparing carbon dioxide and epoxy compounds to two children—“Ice” and “Fire”—who are troubled by environmental degradation but determined to rebuild their home. Through their adventurous journey to overcome numerous obstacles and collect carbonates, the article introduces the mechanism of the cycloaddition reaction, typical catalysts, and the applications of carbonates in various industries.
2025, 40(7): 218-224
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409046
Abstract:
This paper uses personification to illustrate the recent development and applications of selenium through the story of the “Selenium Knight”. The narrative follows selenium’s journey across various fields, taking on roles as a healer, traveler, and scientist, showcasing its applications in medicine, agriculture, tourism, and industry. Ultimately, as an educator, selenium travels widely to inspire more people to engage in its popularization. Along the way, it establishes the “Selenium Family Science Laboratory”, encouraging students to connect with real-world needs and explore further functions and applications of selenium.
This paper uses personification to illustrate the recent development and applications of selenium through the story of the “Selenium Knight”. The narrative follows selenium’s journey across various fields, taking on roles as a healer, traveler, and scientist, showcasing its applications in medicine, agriculture, tourism, and industry. Ultimately, as an educator, selenium travels widely to inspire more people to engage in its popularization. Along the way, it establishes the “Selenium Family Science Laboratory”, encouraging students to connect with real-world needs and explore further functions and applications of selenium.
2025, 40(7): 225-231
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409083
Abstract:
This paper uses an accessible and engaging approach to explore the toxic substances and their related chemical properties found in everyday foods such as beans, potatoes, and Hemerocallis citrina Baroni. It also discusses the applications of these toxic compounds in other fields, as well as practical methods for safely handling these foods. The aim of this article is to provide readers with a broader understanding of the pervasive role of chemistry in daily life, enhance their ability to prevent food poisoning by applying this knowledge, and inspire greater interest in chemistry and scientific exploration.
This paper uses an accessible and engaging approach to explore the toxic substances and their related chemical properties found in everyday foods such as beans, potatoes, and Hemerocallis citrina Baroni. It also discusses the applications of these toxic compounds in other fields, as well as practical methods for safely handling these foods. The aim of this article is to provide readers with a broader understanding of the pervasive role of chemistry in daily life, enhance their ability to prevent food poisoning by applying this knowledge, and inspire greater interest in chemistry and scientific exploration.
2025, 40(7): 232-240
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408003
Abstract:
In modern society, pharmaceuticals play a crucial role in maintaining human health and improving quality of life. This article traces the origins and development of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, while exploring the synthesis processes of several commonly used drugs. Additionally, it briefly examines the relationship between drug structure and efficacy. Using clear and accessible language, the article aims to show the close relationship between medicine and organic chemistry, highlighting the importance and practical applications of organic chemistry in everyday life.
In modern society, pharmaceuticals play a crucial role in maintaining human health and improving quality of life. This article traces the origins and development of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, while exploring the synthesis processes of several commonly used drugs. Additionally, it briefly examines the relationship between drug structure and efficacy. Using clear and accessible language, the article aims to show the close relationship between medicine and organic chemistry, highlighting the importance and practical applications of organic chemistry in everyday life.
2025, 40(7): 241-248
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409084
Abstract:
In an era where beauty is universally cherished, skincare products have become essential in daily life. SOD honey is one such product, where the key active ingredient is superoxide dismutase (SOD). This experiment, based on the mechanism of SOD action, investigates how SOD scavenges superoxide radicals to delay skin aging. Additionally, it explores the role of excipients like dimethyl silicone oil and glyceryl stearate in facilitating the penetration of SOD through the skin’s stratum corneum. Through the demonstration and interactive engagement of this science popularization experiment, the audience gains insights into the mechanisms of SOD honey’s components, including surface tension and the emulsifying effects of surfactants. This experience highlights the pervasive presence of chemistry in everyday life and stimulates curiosity and interest in chemical exploration and learning.
In an era where beauty is universally cherished, skincare products have become essential in daily life. SOD honey is one such product, where the key active ingredient is superoxide dismutase (SOD). This experiment, based on the mechanism of SOD action, investigates how SOD scavenges superoxide radicals to delay skin aging. Additionally, it explores the role of excipients like dimethyl silicone oil and glyceryl stearate in facilitating the penetration of SOD through the skin’s stratum corneum. Through the demonstration and interactive engagement of this science popularization experiment, the audience gains insights into the mechanisms of SOD honey’s components, including surface tension and the emulsifying effects of surfactants. This experience highlights the pervasive presence of chemistry in everyday life and stimulates curiosity and interest in chemical exploration and learning.
2025, 40(7): 249-254
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409004
Abstract:
With the improvement of modern living standards, plastic products have become an indispensable part of our daily lives. However, plastic pollution has emerged as one of the most severe environmental problems today, plastic recycling being crucial to addressing this challenge. This paper introduces new technologies in the field of plastic recycling through a science fiction narrative, aiming to raise awareness about the importance of ecological protection while also envisioning the future development of plastic recycling and utilization.
With the improvement of modern living standards, plastic products have become an indispensable part of our daily lives. However, plastic pollution has emerged as one of the most severe environmental problems today, plastic recycling being crucial to addressing this challenge. This paper introduces new technologies in the field of plastic recycling through a science fiction narrative, aiming to raise awareness about the importance of ecological protection while also envisioning the future development of plastic recycling and utilization.
2025, 40(7): 255-266
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408104
Abstract:
Gelatin, a macromolecular biopolymer derived through controlled hydrolysis of collagen from animal connective tissues, exhibits thermoreversible sol-gel properties. Leveraging this unique characteristic combined with metal ions naturally present in fruit juices, we developed gelatin-based jelly electrolyte materials and constructed a series of accessible electrochemical demonstration devices. Our science communication approach integrates engaging educational demonstrations with hands-on experiments, enabling the public to gain deeper insights into the fundamental principles of fruit-based batteries, the ion transport mechanisms within constrained gelatin matrices, and the operational fundamentals of conventional battery systems. This initiative effectively showcases the superior performance of gel electrolytes in energy storage applications while enhancing public understanding of natural macromolecules and electrochemical science. The experimental design employs low-cost, readily available materials with complete environmental compatibility and operational safety, successfully achieving its goal of innovative science education through familiar everyday substances.
Gelatin, a macromolecular biopolymer derived through controlled hydrolysis of collagen from animal connective tissues, exhibits thermoreversible sol-gel properties. Leveraging this unique characteristic combined with metal ions naturally present in fruit juices, we developed gelatin-based jelly electrolyte materials and constructed a series of accessible electrochemical demonstration devices. Our science communication approach integrates engaging educational demonstrations with hands-on experiments, enabling the public to gain deeper insights into the fundamental principles of fruit-based batteries, the ion transport mechanisms within constrained gelatin matrices, and the operational fundamentals of conventional battery systems. This initiative effectively showcases the superior performance of gel electrolytes in energy storage applications while enhancing public understanding of natural macromolecules and electrochemical science. The experimental design employs low-cost, readily available materials with complete environmental compatibility and operational safety, successfully achieving its goal of innovative science education through familiar everyday substances.
2025, 40(7): 267-276
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408004
Abstract:
Transition-metal-catalyzed coupling reactions are among the most important methodologies in modern organic synthesis. However, due to the cost of catalysts and specific reaction conditions, these reactions have not been widely adopted in undergraduate laboratory courses. To allow students to experience the development of modern organic chemistry and the principles of green chemistry firsthand, we designed a copper-catalyzed oxidative coupling reaction between aryl boronic acids and alkyl sulfinates to synthesize aryl sulfones. The reaction uses copper acetate (Cu(OAc)₂) and N-methylimidazole as catalysts, with air as the oxidant. The coupling of 4-acetylphenylboronic acid with sodium methylsulfonate results in the formation of 4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl ethanone in moderate yield. This experiment involves anhydrous techniques, microscale reagent handling, thin-layer chromatography, rotary evaporation, and melting point determination. Additionally, the experiment can be extended into an exploratory exercise, enabling students to investigate the key factors influencing transition metal-catalyzed organic reactions. It fosters the development of scientific research skills and enhances students' overall experimental competence. The experiment has been successfully implemented in undergraduate laboratory courses.
Transition-metal-catalyzed coupling reactions are among the most important methodologies in modern organic synthesis. However, due to the cost of catalysts and specific reaction conditions, these reactions have not been widely adopted in undergraduate laboratory courses. To allow students to experience the development of modern organic chemistry and the principles of green chemistry firsthand, we designed a copper-catalyzed oxidative coupling reaction between aryl boronic acids and alkyl sulfinates to synthesize aryl sulfones. The reaction uses copper acetate (Cu(OAc)₂) and N-methylimidazole as catalysts, with air as the oxidant. The coupling of 4-acetylphenylboronic acid with sodium methylsulfonate results in the formation of 4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl ethanone in moderate yield. This experiment involves anhydrous techniques, microscale reagent handling, thin-layer chromatography, rotary evaporation, and melting point determination. Additionally, the experiment can be extended into an exploratory exercise, enabling students to investigate the key factors influencing transition metal-catalyzed organic reactions. It fosters the development of scientific research skills and enhances students' overall experimental competence. The experiment has been successfully implemented in undergraduate laboratory courses.
2025, 40(7): 277-285
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408010
Abstract:
Tartaric acid and its derivatives are commonly adopted as chiral resolving agents for the separation of racemic compounds. However, existing separation experiments tend to be complex with the not easily observed phenomena. This study presents an improved experiment in which aniline is reacted with racemic tartaric acid to form ammonium salts. By optimizing reaction conditions, including separation reagents, crystallization solvents, and temperature, visible L-type and D-type tartaric acid aniline ammonium salt crystals are obtained. These crystals are then subjected to alkaline hydrolysis and the following acidification to yield D-(−)-tartaric acid and L-(+)-tartaric acid. The separated crystals are further characterized and confirmed via various techniques, such as circular dichroism (CD), polarimetry, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. This improved experiment emphasizes the macroscopic manifestation of the microscopic chiral nature, making it easier for students to understand and grasp the concept of chirality (molecular structure).
Tartaric acid and its derivatives are commonly adopted as chiral resolving agents for the separation of racemic compounds. However, existing separation experiments tend to be complex with the not easily observed phenomena. This study presents an improved experiment in which aniline is reacted with racemic tartaric acid to form ammonium salts. By optimizing reaction conditions, including separation reagents, crystallization solvents, and temperature, visible L-type and D-type tartaric acid aniline ammonium salt crystals are obtained. These crystals are then subjected to alkaline hydrolysis and the following acidification to yield D-(−)-tartaric acid and L-(+)-tartaric acid. The separated crystals are further characterized and confirmed via various techniques, such as circular dichroism (CD), polarimetry, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. This improved experiment emphasizes the macroscopic manifestation of the microscopic chiral nature, making it easier for students to understand and grasp the concept of chirality (molecular structure).
2025, 40(7): 286-293
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408035
Abstract:
In this paper, a microchannel method was used to generate liquid bromine in situ in a polytetrafluoroethylene hose by the reverse disproportionation reaction of HBr and NaBrO3 in aqueous solution, which was directly added to the reaction system to react with 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, and the pH value of the system was controlled by adding NaOH solution to prepare 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DBDMH). The post-treatment of the reaction is simple, and the target compound is obtained by filtration and water washing. Then, the synthesized dibromohydantoin is used as a bromination reagent to introduce a bromine atom at the 5-position of the compound (6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl) propan-1-one to obtain a key intermediate for the preparation of S-naproxen. The bromination reaction is completed in 30 minutes, which is simple and efficient, with good selectivity and high yield. The method of continuous flow in-situ generation of bromine used in this experiment provides a new approach for aqueous phase system experiments involving liquid bromine in undergraduate university chemistry experiments. The subsequent bromination reaction shows that dibromohydantoin has obvious advantages as a bromination reagent compared to NBS and liquid bromine. This experiment combines the principles and operations of organic chemistry and inorganic chemistry experiments, strengthens the concept of organic acids and bases in theory, and strengthens the training of basic skills in organic synthesis in operation. It is a comprehensive chemistry experiment suitable for senior undergraduate students.
In this paper, a microchannel method was used to generate liquid bromine in situ in a polytetrafluoroethylene hose by the reverse disproportionation reaction of HBr and NaBrO3 in aqueous solution, which was directly added to the reaction system to react with 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, and the pH value of the system was controlled by adding NaOH solution to prepare 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DBDMH). The post-treatment of the reaction is simple, and the target compound is obtained by filtration and water washing. Then, the synthesized dibromohydantoin is used as a bromination reagent to introduce a bromine atom at the 5-position of the compound (6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl) propan-1-one to obtain a key intermediate for the preparation of S-naproxen. The bromination reaction is completed in 30 minutes, which is simple and efficient, with good selectivity and high yield. The method of continuous flow in-situ generation of bromine used in this experiment provides a new approach for aqueous phase system experiments involving liquid bromine in undergraduate university chemistry experiments. The subsequent bromination reaction shows that dibromohydantoin has obvious advantages as a bromination reagent compared to NBS and liquid bromine. This experiment combines the principles and operations of organic chemistry and inorganic chemistry experiments, strengthens the concept of organic acids and bases in theory, and strengthens the training of basic skills in organic synthesis in operation. It is a comprehensive chemistry experiment suitable for senior undergraduate students.
2025, 40(7): 294-299
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409092
Abstract:
The Minisci reaction is an efficient method for synthesizing alkyl-substituted N-heteroarenes, involving the addition of alkyl radicals to N-heteroarenes under acidic and oxidative conditions. In this study, 1-benzyl isoquinoline was synthesized through the Minisci reaction using benzyl trimethylsilane as the alkyl radical precursor, ammonium persulfate ((NH₄)₂S₂O₈) as the oxidant, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the solvent. This experiment serves as a research-based laboratory exercise for junior undergraduates at our university, aiming to enhance students' scientific research and experimental operation skills, and stimulate innovative thinking.
The Minisci reaction is an efficient method for synthesizing alkyl-substituted N-heteroarenes, involving the addition of alkyl radicals to N-heteroarenes under acidic and oxidative conditions. In this study, 1-benzyl isoquinoline was synthesized through the Minisci reaction using benzyl trimethylsilane as the alkyl radical precursor, ammonium persulfate ((NH₄)₂S₂O₈) as the oxidant, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the solvent. This experiment serves as a research-based laboratory exercise for junior undergraduates at our university, aiming to enhance students' scientific research and experimental operation skills, and stimulate innovative thinking.
2025, 40(7): 300-307
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408007
Abstract:
The research project "catalytic reforming of liquid formaldehyde to hydrogen at room temperature" was designed as a comprehensive experiment in applied chemistry, which combines the research project with experimental teaching to promote the cultivation of students' innovative ability. The experimental content is a multidisciplinary cross-fertilization involving the preparation, morphological and structural characterization, performance evaluation of catalysts and optimization of conditions of Pd@TiO2 catalysts, which combines the preparation of materials with their performance evaluation and potential application to stimulate students' interest in reverence for science and exploration of the unknown, and to cultivate the quality of their exploratory and innovative thinking. The experiment focuses on learning theory from the guidance of methodology and rational discernment, cultivating the hands-on ability of discovering and solving problems from the process of experimental practice, and improving students' innovative consciousness and innovative ability from the comprehensive application of theory and skills.
The research project "catalytic reforming of liquid formaldehyde to hydrogen at room temperature" was designed as a comprehensive experiment in applied chemistry, which combines the research project with experimental teaching to promote the cultivation of students' innovative ability. The experimental content is a multidisciplinary cross-fertilization involving the preparation, morphological and structural characterization, performance evaluation of catalysts and optimization of conditions of Pd@TiO2 catalysts, which combines the preparation of materials with their performance evaluation and potential application to stimulate students' interest in reverence for science and exploration of the unknown, and to cultivate the quality of their exploratory and innovative thinking. The experiment focuses on learning theory from the guidance of methodology and rational discernment, cultivating the hands-on ability of discovering and solving problems from the process of experimental practice, and improving students' innovative consciousness and innovative ability from the comprehensive application of theory and skills.
2025, 40(7): 308-314
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408087
Abstract:
This study examines the critical role of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in university-level experimental education and scientific investigation, while proposing an integrated pedagogical framework and management system to address existing challenges. Our approach combines blended learning methodologies (online preparation modules coupled with offline laboratory instruction) with an open-access instrumentation platform, demonstrating three key outcomes: enhanced technical proficiency and scientific reasoning among students, increased research innovation capacity, and optimized SEM utilization metrics. The implemented model not only elevates experimental teaching standards but also fosters synergistic development between academic instruction and scientific exploration.
This study examines the critical role of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in university-level experimental education and scientific investigation, while proposing an integrated pedagogical framework and management system to address existing challenges. Our approach combines blended learning methodologies (online preparation modules coupled with offline laboratory instruction) with an open-access instrumentation platform, demonstrating three key outcomes: enhanced technical proficiency and scientific reasoning among students, increased research innovation capacity, and optimized SEM utilization metrics. The implemented model not only elevates experimental teaching standards but also fosters synergistic development between academic instruction and scientific exploration.
2025, 40(7): 315-320
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408089
Abstract:
The iodometric determination of copper in alloys represents a fundamental experiment in analytical chemistry education. This study examines a notable case where a student erroneously used 20% KSCN solution instead of the prescribed HAc-NaAc buffer solution, yet surprisingly obtained CuSCN precipitate matching that of the standard procedure, albeit with significant discrepancies in titration results. Through systematic investigation of reaction intermediates and experimental validation, we elucidate the underlying chemical mechanisms responsible for this anomaly. This pedagogical approach not only enhances students' problem-solving capabilities but also demonstrates proper scientific investigation methodology for addressing unexpected experimental outcomes.
The iodometric determination of copper in alloys represents a fundamental experiment in analytical chemistry education. This study examines a notable case where a student erroneously used 20% KSCN solution instead of the prescribed HAc-NaAc buffer solution, yet surprisingly obtained CuSCN precipitate matching that of the standard procedure, albeit with significant discrepancies in titration results. Through systematic investigation of reaction intermediates and experimental validation, we elucidate the underlying chemical mechanisms responsible for this anomaly. This pedagogical approach not only enhances students' problem-solving capabilities but also demonstrates proper scientific investigation methodology for addressing unexpected experimental outcomes.
2025, 40(7): 321-327
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409056
Abstract:
To address the evolving demands for chemical talent development in the new era, we designed an optimization experiment for the synthesis process of ferrous fumarate, incorporating the development principles of raw pharmaceutical products. This comprehensive experiment encompassed compound preparation, titration analysis, and instrumental characterization, conducted through a research-oriented approach. The implementation of this experiment effectively enhanced students' comprehensive experimental skills, stimulated their learning motivation, and achieved remarkable outcomes in experimental teaching reform. The optimized synthesis process demonstrated simplicity and efficiency, enabling ferrous fumarate to meet all pharmacopoeia specifications, thereby successfully accomplishing the objective of product quality control.
To address the evolving demands for chemical talent development in the new era, we designed an optimization experiment for the synthesis process of ferrous fumarate, incorporating the development principles of raw pharmaceutical products. This comprehensive experiment encompassed compound preparation, titration analysis, and instrumental characterization, conducted through a research-oriented approach. The implementation of this experiment effectively enhanced students' comprehensive experimental skills, stimulated their learning motivation, and achieved remarkable outcomes in experimental teaching reform. The optimized synthesis process demonstrated simplicity and efficiency, enabling ferrous fumarate to meet all pharmacopoeia specifications, thereby successfully accomplishing the objective of product quality control.
2025, 40(7): 328-335
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409062
Abstract:
This study innovatively applies the RGB (Red, Green, Blue) detection method to analytical chemistry teaching experiments. Utilizing our self-developed Color Picker software to monitor RGB value variations during the titration process, we established an analytical approach for endpoint determination based on second-order differential changes in the G/(R+G+B) ratio. When implemented in the “Standardization of Hydrochloric Acid Solution with Anhydrous Sodium Carbonate” experiment, the method demonstrated endpoint errors below 0.1%, with a relative standard deviation of 0.084% across triplicate measurements. Compared with conventional visual titration, this technique exhibits superior accuracy and reproducibility while providing accessibility for color vision-deficient students. The experiment not only fosters students’ rigorous scientific approach but also stimulates innovative thinking, enhancing their practical understanding of chemical experimentation.
This study innovatively applies the RGB (Red, Green, Blue) detection method to analytical chemistry teaching experiments. Utilizing our self-developed Color Picker software to monitor RGB value variations during the titration process, we established an analytical approach for endpoint determination based on second-order differential changes in the G/(R+G+B) ratio. When implemented in the “Standardization of Hydrochloric Acid Solution with Anhydrous Sodium Carbonate” experiment, the method demonstrated endpoint errors below 0.1%, with a relative standard deviation of 0.084% across triplicate measurements. Compared with conventional visual titration, this technique exhibits superior accuracy and reproducibility while providing accessibility for color vision-deficient students. The experiment not only fosters students’ rigorous scientific approach but also stimulates innovative thinking, enhancing their practical understanding of chemical experimentation.
2025, 40(7): 336-344
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202412070
Abstract:
This study presents a dual-regulation strategy combining catalyst modification and electrolyte engineering to promote CO2 electroreduction toward multi-carbon (C2+) products. We synthesized Ag-doped CuO (Ag-CuO) catalysts and systematically evaluated their performance in KHCO3 electrolytes containing various halide anions using a three-electrode H-cell configuration. The experimental design investigates the synergistic effects of applied potential, Ag doping concentration, and halide species/concentration on catalytic performance. This interdisciplinary experiment integrates fundamental concepts and techniques from inorganic, physical, and analytical chemistry. Beyond reinforcing core chemical principles, it cultivates essential competencies including scientific reasoning, research innovation, and self-directed learning-attributes crucial for chemistry education in the contemporary research landscape.
This study presents a dual-regulation strategy combining catalyst modification and electrolyte engineering to promote CO2 electroreduction toward multi-carbon (C2+) products. We synthesized Ag-doped CuO (Ag-CuO) catalysts and systematically evaluated their performance in KHCO3 electrolytes containing various halide anions using a three-electrode H-cell configuration. The experimental design investigates the synergistic effects of applied potential, Ag doping concentration, and halide species/concentration on catalytic performance. This interdisciplinary experiment integrates fundamental concepts and techniques from inorganic, physical, and analytical chemistry. Beyond reinforcing core chemical principles, it cultivates essential competencies including scientific reasoning, research innovation, and self-directed learning-attributes crucial for chemistry education in the contemporary research landscape.
2025, 40(7): 345-351
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408114
Abstract:
In teaching reform of inorganic chemistry, integrating computational chemistry into inorganic chemistry instruction enhances teaching by making abstract concepts more accessible and visually intuitive. This approach allows for the dynamic illustration of molecular orbital structures, transition states, acid-base theories, reaction activity predictions, model construction, and surface electronic states of materials. Through targeted calculations and example-based analyses, computational chemistry fosters engagement, motivates independent student research, enriches course content, deepens students’ understanding of theoretical chemistry, and ultimately enhances teaching effectiveness in inorganic chemistry.
In teaching reform of inorganic chemistry, integrating computational chemistry into inorganic chemistry instruction enhances teaching by making abstract concepts more accessible and visually intuitive. This approach allows for the dynamic illustration of molecular orbital structures, transition states, acid-base theories, reaction activity predictions, model construction, and surface electronic states of materials. Through targeted calculations and example-based analyses, computational chemistry fosters engagement, motivates independent student research, enriches course content, deepens students’ understanding of theoretical chemistry, and ultimately enhances teaching effectiveness in inorganic chemistry.
2025, 40(7): 352-358
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409082
Abstract:
In the process of designing the teaching content for the university organic chemistry textbook on the "Naming Rules of Organic Compounds with Cyclic Configuration," we identified that cyclic isomers with configuration and identical substituents can follow the cis-trans isomer naming convention, while enantiomers without identical substituents are named using the (R/S) system. However, for compounds that neither contain chiral centers nor identical substituents, current textbooks lack a defined naming convention. This paper presents a systematic naming rule for this category of compounds, developed through literature research. The proposed rules aim to fill the gap in organic chemistry textbooks and naming manuals and provide a framework for enhancing students' information literacy in the era of big data by effectively utilizing online and documentary resources.
In the process of designing the teaching content for the university organic chemistry textbook on the "Naming Rules of Organic Compounds with Cyclic Configuration," we identified that cyclic isomers with configuration and identical substituents can follow the cis-trans isomer naming convention, while enantiomers without identical substituents are named using the (R/S) system. However, for compounds that neither contain chiral centers nor identical substituents, current textbooks lack a defined naming convention. This paper presents a systematic naming rule for this category of compounds, developed through literature research. The proposed rules aim to fill the gap in organic chemistry textbooks and naming manuals and provide a framework for enhancing students' information literacy in the era of big data by effectively utilizing online and documentary resources.
2025, 40(7): 359-366
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409120
Abstract:
The “Ternary Liquid-Liquid Phase Diagram” is a fundamental experiment in physical chemistry. Mastery of this experiment is essential for students to comprehend the triangular coordinate system and the extraction principle, both of which are widely applied in industrial practices. This paper presents recommendations for improving the content and teaching approach of this experiment, addressing students’ lack of theoretical knowledge and superficial understanding of the experimental process. It proposes integrating a detailed explanation of phase diagram interpretation into the curriculum, emphasizing the relationship between component concentrations and the lengths of parallel line segments on the coordinate axes. This helps students better grasp the movement patterns of system points and the lever rule during the mixing process. Furthermore, the paper clarifies the teaching logic and connections between the ternary phase diagram, the movement of system points on the coordinate axes, and the relationships between component points on tie lines. These suggestions aim to enhance teaching efficiency and facilitate students’ deep understanding of the ternary liquid-liquid phase diagram.
The “Ternary Liquid-Liquid Phase Diagram” is a fundamental experiment in physical chemistry. Mastery of this experiment is essential for students to comprehend the triangular coordinate system and the extraction principle, both of which are widely applied in industrial practices. This paper presents recommendations for improving the content and teaching approach of this experiment, addressing students’ lack of theoretical knowledge and superficial understanding of the experimental process. It proposes integrating a detailed explanation of phase diagram interpretation into the curriculum, emphasizing the relationship between component concentrations and the lengths of parallel line segments on the coordinate axes. This helps students better grasp the movement patterns of system points and the lever rule during the mixing process. Furthermore, the paper clarifies the teaching logic and connections between the ternary phase diagram, the movement of system points on the coordinate axes, and the relationships between component points on tie lines. These suggestions aim to enhance teaching efficiency and facilitate students’ deep understanding of the ternary liquid-liquid phase diagram.
2025, 40(7): 367-372
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409041
Abstract:
Electrophilic addition reactions between olefins and inorganic acids are a key topic in university-level organic chemistry courses. This paper addresses the challenge of predicting the products of these reactions, which often proves difficult. By employing both static and dynamic analyses, in combination with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) carbon spectra and resonance theory, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the underlying mechanisms. Additionally, we propose a simplified method for predicting the major and minor products of electrophilic addition based on regioselectivity. This approach effectively helps senior undergraduates and graduate students overcome challenges in product prediction.
Electrophilic addition reactions between olefins and inorganic acids are a key topic in university-level organic chemistry courses. This paper addresses the challenge of predicting the products of these reactions, which often proves difficult. By employing both static and dynamic analyses, in combination with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) carbon spectra and resonance theory, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the underlying mechanisms. Additionally, we propose a simplified method for predicting the major and minor products of electrophilic addition based on regioselectivity. This approach effectively helps senior undergraduates and graduate students overcome challenges in product prediction.
2025, 40(7): 373-379
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408105
Abstract:
Following the Ministry of Education’s establishment of interdisciplinary disciplines as a distinct academic category, higher education institutions have placed increasing emphasis on cultivating interdisciplinary innovators. Drawing upon extensive interdisciplinary research experience and pedagogical reform insights, our team uses chemical biology education as a starting point to explore innovative approaches for cultivating interdisciplinary, versatile talents. As an emerging discipline integrating chemistry, biology, medical science, and pharmacology, chemical biology represents a paradigm of modern interdisciplinary science. The Comprehensive Chemical Biology Laboratory course serves as a crucial practical component for developing interdisciplinary thinking competencies. The primary pedagogical challenge lies in designing experimental curricula that enable students to synthesize multidisciplinary knowledge effectively. Our team addresses this challenge by translating selenium-related research achievements into instructional content, establishing multi-module experimental systems aligned with cutting-edge chemical biology research. This approach promotes practical application of cross-disciplinary knowledge and proposes an effective pedagogical framework for interdisciplinary talent development.
Following the Ministry of Education’s establishment of interdisciplinary disciplines as a distinct academic category, higher education institutions have placed increasing emphasis on cultivating interdisciplinary innovators. Drawing upon extensive interdisciplinary research experience and pedagogical reform insights, our team uses chemical biology education as a starting point to explore innovative approaches for cultivating interdisciplinary, versatile talents. As an emerging discipline integrating chemistry, biology, medical science, and pharmacology, chemical biology represents a paradigm of modern interdisciplinary science. The Comprehensive Chemical Biology Laboratory course serves as a crucial practical component for developing interdisciplinary thinking competencies. The primary pedagogical challenge lies in designing experimental curricula that enable students to synthesize multidisciplinary knowledge effectively. Our team addresses this challenge by translating selenium-related research achievements into instructional content, establishing multi-module experimental systems aligned with cutting-edge chemical biology research. This approach promotes practical application of cross-disciplinary knowledge and proposes an effective pedagogical framework for interdisciplinary talent development.
2025, 40(7): 380-386
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409063
Abstract:
The physical chemistry course encompasses numerous theories and complex formulas. The primary teaching goal is to enhance students’ interest in learning while deepening their understanding of theoretical concepts. This course frames the journey of knowledge discovery through the Gibbs function, integrating the biographies of key figures and guiding students to follow the footsteps of Nobel Prize laureates in their pursuit of truth and innovative thinking. Additionally, the course introduces cutting-edge aerospace cases, contributing to the development of outstanding aerospace professionals.
The physical chemistry course encompasses numerous theories and complex formulas. The primary teaching goal is to enhance students’ interest in learning while deepening their understanding of theoretical concepts. This course frames the journey of knowledge discovery through the Gibbs function, integrating the biographies of key figures and guiding students to follow the footsteps of Nobel Prize laureates in their pursuit of truth and innovative thinking. Additionally, the course introduces cutting-edge aerospace cases, contributing to the development of outstanding aerospace professionals.
2025, 40(7): 387-392
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409128
Abstract:
With advancements in computer hardware and software, computational chemistry has become an increasingly important research tool in fields such as chemistry and materials science. As a core subject in chemistry, physical chemistry is inherently connected to computational chemistry. Energy functions, including internal energy, enthalpy, and Gibbs free energy, are central topics in both classical and statistical thermodynamics, and they also play a key role in computational chemistry. Therefore, integrating quantum statistical thermodynamics into the teaching of classical thermodynamic energy functions, while highlighting their significance and computational methods in computational chemistry, can enhance students’ understanding of these functions’ essence and applications. This approach lays a strong foundation for students’ future studies in computational chemistry during their undergraduate years.
With advancements in computer hardware and software, computational chemistry has become an increasingly important research tool in fields such as chemistry and materials science. As a core subject in chemistry, physical chemistry is inherently connected to computational chemistry. Energy functions, including internal energy, enthalpy, and Gibbs free energy, are central topics in both classical and statistical thermodynamics, and they also play a key role in computational chemistry. Therefore, integrating quantum statistical thermodynamics into the teaching of classical thermodynamic energy functions, while highlighting their significance and computational methods in computational chemistry, can enhance students’ understanding of these functions’ essence and applications. This approach lays a strong foundation for students’ future studies in computational chemistry during their undergraduate years.
2025, 40(7): 393-400
doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409123
Abstract:
Yuan Chengye is the pioneer in the field of extractant chemistry in China. In response to national defense needs such as the “Two Bombs, One Satellite” program, he successfully developed key extractants, including P204 (bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid ester) and P350 (methylphosphonic acid dimethylheptyl ester). He also developed various phosphorus extractants, such as P507 (2-ethylheptylphosphonic acid-2-ethylheptyl ester), based on the comprehensive utilization of non-ferrous metals. Mr. Yuan Chengye’s team conducted extensive research on the structure and performance of extractants, based on a large amount of experimental data. Through in-depth analysis using quantum chemistry, molecular mechanics, thermodynamics, and other testing methods, they enhanced the chemical properties of organic phosphorus extractants to a new level. These studies provide a solid theoretical foundation for the design and optimization of extractants and have also advanced industrial applications.
Yuan Chengye is the pioneer in the field of extractant chemistry in China. In response to national defense needs such as the “Two Bombs, One Satellite” program, he successfully developed key extractants, including P204 (bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid ester) and P350 (methylphosphonic acid dimethylheptyl ester). He also developed various phosphorus extractants, such as P507 (2-ethylheptylphosphonic acid-2-ethylheptyl ester), based on the comprehensive utilization of non-ferrous metals. Mr. Yuan Chengye’s team conducted extensive research on the structure and performance of extractants, based on a large amount of experimental data. Through in-depth analysis using quantum chemistry, molecular mechanics, thermodynamics, and other testing methods, they enhanced the chemical properties of organic phosphorus extractants to a new level. These studies provide a solid theoretical foundation for the design and optimization of extractants and have also advanced industrial applications.
