Citation:
Md. Nurnobi Rashed, Abeda Sultana Touchy, Chandan Chaudhari, Jaewan Jeon, S. M. A. Hakim Siddiki, Takashi Toyao, Ken-ichi Shimizu. Selective C3-alkenylation of oxindole with aldehydes using heterogeneous CeO2 catalyst[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis,
;2020, 41(6): 970-976.
doi:
S1872-2067(19)63515-1
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We report herein that a commercially available CeO2 is an active and reusable catalyst for the C3-selective alkenylation of oxindole with aldehydes under solvent-free conditions. This catalytic method is generally applicable to different aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, giving 3-alkyledene-oxindoles in high yields (87%-99%) and high stereoselectivities (79%-93% to E-isomers). This is the first example of the catalytic synthesis of 3-alkenyl-oxindoles from oxindole and various aliphatic aldehydes. The Lewis acid-base interaction between Lewis acid sites on CeO2 and benzaldehyde was studied by in situ IR. The structure-activity relationship study using CeO2 catalysts with different sizes suggests that defect-free CeO2 surface is the active site for this reaction.
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Keywords:
- Oxindole,
- Aldehyde,
- Aldol condensation,
- C3-alkenylation,
- CeO2 catalyst
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