中子深度剖析技术研究可充锂金属负极

引用本文: 郑国瑞, 向宇轩, 杨勇. 中子深度剖析技术研究可充锂金属负极[J]. 物理化学学报, 2021, 37(1): 200809. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202008094 shu

Citation: Zheng Guorui, Xiang Yuxuan, Yang Yong. Neutron Depth Profiling Technique for Studying Rechargeable Lithium Metal Anodes[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2021, 37(1): 200809. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202008094 shu

中子深度剖析技术研究可充锂金属负极

固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室，厦门大学化学系，福建厦门 361005

作者简介:

杨勇，厦门大学闽江计划特聘教授，博士生导师，国家杰出青年科学基金获得者，现担任国际知名电池杂志《 Journal of Power Sources》主编。1992年获厦门大学理学博士学位，1997–1998年任英国牛津大学访问科学家。主要研究方向为能源电化学、材料物理化学及表面物理化学;

通讯作者: 杨勇, yyang@xmu.edu.cn

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金(21935009), 国家重点研发专项(2018YFB0905400)资助项目

摘要: 可充锂金属负极严重的界面不稳定性和安全问题极大限制了其商业化应用，对于锂的沉积/溶出行为以及锂枝晶的成核生长机理的清楚认识将有利于更高效的可充锂金属负极改性研究。然而，由于锂金属的高反应活性所带来的产物复杂性及其形貌多样性给原位谱学表征带来了诸多的困难。中子深度剖析(Neutron Depth Profiling，NDP)技术由于其高穿透特性、定量非破坏性、且对锂的高灵敏性，在实时研究锂金属电池中锂的电化学行为上显示出广阔的应用前景。本文首先简要介绍了NDP技术的测试原理及提高其空间/时间分辨率的方法，同时总结分析了近年来NDP技术在液态/固态电池体系中锂金属负极研究的应用，并展望了NDP技术今后的发展前景。

关键词:

English

Neutron Depth Profiling Technique for Studying Rechargeable Lithium Metal Anodes

State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, China

Corresponding author: Yang Yong. E-mail:yyang@xmu.edu.cn; Tel.: +86-592-2185753

Received Date: 31 August 2020
Accepted Date: 22 September 2020
Revised Date: 21 September 2020
Available Online: 15 January 2021
Fund Project:

The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21935009) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFB0905400)

Abstract: The attention towards lithium (Li) metal anode (LMA) has been rekindled in recent years as it can augment the energy density of Li batteries due to its high theoretical specific capacity (3860 mAh·g^-1) and low electrochemical potential (-3.04 V versus standard hydrogen electrode), especially when paired with Li-free cathodes such as Li-oxygen and Li-sulfur. However, severe interfacial instability and safety concerns on rechargeable LMA, associated with Li dendrite formation, continuous side reactions, and infinite volume changes, extremely hinder its commercialization. Numerous strategies have been employed to modify LMA for realizing a uniform distribution of the Li ion flux through interface and dendrite-free Li deposits during repeated Li plating/stripping, which leads to a better cycling performance; however, to the best of our knowledge, a clear understanding of the Li deposition/dissolution behavior and the nucleation growth mechanism of Li dendrites is still lacking, which is conducive to more efficient modification studies on LMA. Therefore, it is critical to achieve considerable progress in the development of advanced characterization techniques. However, the high reactivity of Li metal, which leads to complexity of products and diversity in morphology, causes many difficulties in the characterization of in situ spectroscopy. Recently, some promising characterization techniques have been introduced to further investigate the evolution of LMA during cycling, such as cryo-electron microscopy, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance technology, and neutron depth profiling (NDP) technique. Because of its high-penetration characteristics, quantitative and nondestructive merits, and highly selective sensitivity to ⁶Li via the capture reaction with neutrons, the NDP technique shows a broad application prospect for obtaining real-time information of the electrochemical behavior of Li in Li metal batteries. The NDP results contain a wealth of information about time and space for Li. Accordingly, not only can the real-time distribution and migration of Li ions be detected, but also changes in the active sites of Li deposition/dissolution can be analyzed to understand the formation principle of Li dendrites and the failure mechanism of Li metal batteries. In addition, the NDP technique has shown its potential in the diagnosis and prediction of short circuit in Li metal batteries, which is confirmed through voltage curves. This review first briefly introduces the principle of the NDP technique and the methods for improving its space/time resolution; second, it summarizes the recent use of the NDP technique in the research on LMAs based on liquid or solid cell systems. Finally, it provides a prospect for the future development of NDP technique.

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

中子深度剖析技术研究可充锂金属负极

通讯作者: 杨勇, yyang@xmu.edu.cn

English

Neutron Depth Profiling Technique for Studying Rechargeable Lithium Metal Anodes

Corresponding author: Yang Yong. E-mail:yyang@xmu.edu.cn; Tel.: +86-592-2185753

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

中国化学会秘书处

中子深度剖析技术研究可充锂金属负极

通讯作者: 杨勇, yyang@xmu.edu.cn

English

Neutron Depth Profiling Technique for Studying Rechargeable Lithium Metal Anodes

Corresponding author: Yang Yong. E-mail:yyang@xmu.edu.cn; Tel.: +86-592-2185753

CCS Chemistry：嵌段共聚物自组装成 “三明治”二维有机材料，实现纳米级压力传感功能

CCS Chemistry：颜徐州、鲍哲南： 你的皮肤可能是一片SPMs

CCS Chemistry：工作高效不疲劳，只须让催化剂动起来

CCS Chemistry：静电组装导向聚合- 聚电解质纳米凝胶量化制备新策略

CCS Chemistry：金黄色葡萄球菌醛基脱氢酶是如何识别特异性底物的？

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