Citation: SONG Hui, XU Xian-Zhi, LI Fen. Numerical Simulation of Discharge Process and Failure Mechanisms of Zinc Electrode[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2013, 29(09): 1961-1974. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201306144 shu

Numerical Simulation of Discharge Process and Failure Mechanisms of Zinc Electrode

1.
Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, P. R. China

Received Date: 2 May 2013
Available Online: 14 June 2013
Fund Project: 国家自然科学基金(10872193)资助项目 (10872193)

Zinc-air battery is a high-power electrochemical system. Experimental data indicate that material usage decreases significantly with increasing applied current density. A one-dimensional mathematical model was established to simulate the discharge process of a high-power zinc electrode working under high current density conditions. Variable distributions within the electrode such as ionic concentrations, transfer current density, electrode porosity, and volume fraction of solid zinc oxide were predicted based on numerical solutions. The results demonstrate that the limitation of the mass transfer process by precipitation of solid zinc oxide is the main factor causing electrode failure. The precipitation time of solid zinc oxide and its concentrated distribution area have significant impacts on the electrode performance. The limitation of the mass transfer process is greatly aggravated if the volume fraction of zinc oxide exceeds specific values within a small range, approximately 30%-35%. The optimal designs of zinc electrodes were discussed. The numerical results indicate that high-power electrodes with higher ionic conductivities and porosities behave better. However, the most important requirement is to maintain a relatively high concentration of hydroxyl ions. For enclosed electrodes, infusion is an effective method, whereas an ideal design would consist of an open system with a circulating electrolyte, such as fluidized bed electrolyte.
- Zinc-air battery,
- Numerical simulation,
- Discharge property,
- Transfer current density,
- Failure mechanism,
- Optimal design
1. [1]
  
  (1) Brodd, R. J.; Bullock, K. R.; Leising, R. A.; Middaugh, R. L.;Miller, J. R.; Takeuchi, E. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 2004, 151, K1.
2. [2]
  (2) Sapkota, P.; Kim, H. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 2009, 15, 445. doi: 10.1016/j.jiec.2009.01.002
3. [3]
  (3) ldstein, J. R.; Gektin, I.; Koretz, B. Electric Fuel TM Zinc-Air Battery Regeneration Technology; In The 1995 Annual Meetin f the Applied Electrochemistry Division of the GermanChemical Society, Duisburg, Germany, Sept 27-29, 1995.
4. [4]
  (4) Ou, X. Q.; Liang, G. C. Battery Bimonthly 2006, 36, 274. [欧秀芹,梁广川. 电池, 2006, 36, 274.]
5. [5]
  (5) Li, F.; Xu, X. Z.; Song, H.; Xiong, J.; Wu, F. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2009, 25 (11), 2205. [李芬,徐献芝,宋辉,熊晋,吴飞.物理化学学报, 2009, 25 (11), 2205.] doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB20091119
6. [6]
  (6) Li, S. Z.; Sun, L.; Hu, R. G.; Wang, Z. L.; Zhang, X. G.; Lin, C.J. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2009, 25 (8), 1635. [李思振,孙岚,胡融刚, 王志林,章小鸽, 林昌健.物理化学学报, 2009, 25 (8),1635.] doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB20090804
7. [7]
  (7) Choi, K. W.; Bennion, D. N.; Newman, J. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 1976, 123, 1616. doi: 10.1149/1.2132657
8. [8]
  (8) Sunu, W. G. Transient and Failure Analyses of Porous Zinc Electrodes; University of California: Los Angeles, 1978.
9. [9]
  (9) Sunu, W. G.; Bennion, D. N. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 1980, 127, 2007. doi: 10.1149/1.2130054
10. [10]
  (10) Isaacson, M. J.; McLarnon, F. R.; Cairns, E. J. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 1990, 137, 2014. doi: 10.1149/1.2086856
11. [11]
  (11) Podlaha, E. J.; Cheh, H. Y. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 1994, 141, 15.
12. [12]
  (12) Mao, Z. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 1992, 139,1105. doi: 10.1149/1.2069348
13. [13]
  (13) Venkatraman, M.; Vanzee, J. Journal of Power Sources 2007,166, 537. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.12.064
14. [14]
  (14) Torabi, F.; Aliakbar, A. Journal of the Electrochemical Society2012, 159, A1986.
15. [15]
  (15) Zhang, X. G. Corrosion and Electrochemistry; MetallurgicalIndustry Press: Beijing, 2008; pp 491, 463, 464. [章小鸽. 锌的腐蚀与电化学. 北京: 冶金工业出版社, 2008: 491, 463, 464.]
16. [16]
  (16) Sunu, W. G.; Bennion, D. N. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 1980, 127, 2007. doi: 10.1149/1.2130054
17. [17]
  (17) Bockris, J. O.; Nagy, Z.; Damjanovic, A. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 1972, 119, 285. doi: 10.1149/1.2404188
18. [18]
  (18) Butler, J. N. Ionic Equilibrium: A Mathematical Approach, 10thed.; Addison-Wesley: Reading, MA, 1964.
19. [19]
  (19) Boden, D. P.; Wylie, R. B.; Spera, V. J. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 1971, 118, 1298. doi: 10.1149/1.2408309
20. [20]
  (20) Kong, X. Y. Advanced Mechanics of Fluids in Porous Media;University of Science and Technology of China Press: Hefei,1999. [孔祥言. 高等渗流力学. 合肥: 中国科学技术大学出版社, 1999.]
21. [21]
  (21) Kriegsmann, J. Journal of Power Sources 1999, 84, 52.
22. [22]
  (22) Kordesch, K. V. In Batteries, Manganese Dioxide; MarcelDekker: NewYork, 1974; p 348.
23. [23]
  (23) Newman, J.; Thomas-Alyea, K. E. Electrochemical Systems;Wiley: Hoboken, New Jersey, 2012; p 303.
24. [24]
  (24) Um, S.; Wang, C.; Chen, K. S. Engineering Sciences 2000, 147,4485.
25. [25]
  (25) Wang, C. Journal of Power Sources 2002, 110, 364. doi: 10.1016/S0378-7753(02)00199-4
26. [26]
  (26) Tao, W. Q. Nemerical Heat Transfer, 2nd ed.; Xi'an JiaotongUniversity: Xi'an, 2001. [陶文铨.数值传热学.第二版.西安:西安交通大学出版社, 2001.]
27. [27]
  (27) Versteeg, H. K.; Malalasekera, W. An Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics: the Finite Volume Method;Pearson Education Limited: New Jersey, 2007.
28. [28]
  (28) Moré, J. J.; Garbow, B. S.; Hillstrom, K. E. User Guide for MINPACK-1, CM-P00068642, 1980.
29. [29]
  (29) Powers, R. W.; Breiter, M. W. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 1969, 116, 719. doi: 10.1149/1.2412040
30. [30]
  (30) Powers, R. W. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 1971, 118,685. doi: 10.1149/1.2408145
31. [31]
  (31) Powers, R. W. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 1969, 116,1652. doi: 10.1149/1.2411652
32. [32]
  (32) Liu, M.; Cook, G. M.; Yao, N. P. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 1981, 128, 1663. doi: 10.1149/1.2127707
33. [33]
  (33) Cabot, P. L.; Cortes, M.; Centellas, F.; Perez, E. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 1993, 23, 371. doi: 10.1007/BF00296694
34. [34]
  (34) Cabot, P. L.; Cortes, M.; Centellas, F. A.; Garrido, J. A.; Perez,E. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry 1986, 201, 85. doi: 10.1016/0022-0728(86)90089-6
35. [35]
  (35) Colborn, J. A.;Wright, K. A.; Gulino, R. Method and Apparatusfor Refueling an Electrochemical Power Source. US Patent5952117, 1999.
1. [1]
  Xianjiao Meng , Yujiao Ma , Wang Li , Xi Zhao , Yiming Wang , Fugui Wang , Yongpo Zhang , Jinzhong Zhao . Experimental Teaching Design of Extracting Capsanthin from Chili Peppers: A Digital Perspective. University Chemistry, 2025, 40(11): 233-240. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202412118
2. [2]
  Chenyue Huang , Hongfei Zheng , Ning Qin , Canpei Wang , Liguang Wang , Jun Lu . Single-Crystal Nickel-Rich Cathode Materials: Challenges and Strategies. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(9): 2308051-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202308051
3. [3]
  Guoxin Yang , Xiangrong Zhang , Jiaojiao Du , Fen Li , Junyan Liang , Aqun Zheng , Yanhong Bai . Reform and Practice in the Optimization of Experimental Report Design and Evaluation Mechanism. University Chemistry, 2026, 41(4): 447-451. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202503007
4. [4]
  Haiyun Hou , Dongwei Ma , Zinan Zhang , Zirui Jia . Synergistic mechanism and performance optimization of dielectric-magnetic composite absorbing material. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2026, 42(8): 100325-0. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100325
5. [5]
  Qinjin DAI , Shan FAN , Pengyang FAN , Xiaoying ZHENG , Wei DONG , Mengxue WANG , Yong ZHANG . Performance of oxygen vacancy-rich V-doped MnO₂ for high-performance aqueous zinc ion battery. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(3): 453-460. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240326
6. [6]
  Wang Wang , Yucheng Liu , Shengli Chen . Use of NiFe Layered Double Hydroxide as Electrocatalyst in Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Catalytic Mechanisms, Electrode Design, and Durability. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(2): 2303059-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202303059
7. [7]
  Qianwen Han , Tenglong Zhu , Qiuqiu Lü , Mahong Yu , Qin Zhong . Performance and Electrochemical Asymmetry Optimization of Hydrogen Electrode Supported Reversible Solid Oxide Cell. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(1): 100005-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202309037
8. [8]
  Ziquan Wang , Zhujie Liang , Xing Liu , Yihuang Lin , Jiangluo Liu , Zengye Chen , Libo Deng . Maximizing the phosphate adsorption capacity of layered double hydroxides in asymmetric electrochemical deionization systems. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2026, 42(10): 100330-0. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100330
9. [9]
  Limin Zhang , Mengmeng Liu , Yang Tian . Size Determines Performance: A Novel Experimental Design for Voltammetric Teaching at Microelectrode and Glassy Carbon Electrode. University Chemistry, 2025, 40(11): 281-288. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202412047
10. [10]
  Lingbang Qiu , Jiangmin Jiang , Libo Wang , Lang Bai , Fei Zhou , Gaoyu Zhou , Quanchao Zhuang , Yanhua Cui . In Situ Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Monitoring of the High-Temperature Double-Discharge Mechanism of Nb₁₂WO₃₃ Cathode Material for Long-Life Thermal Batteries. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(5): 100040-0. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2024.100040
11. [11]
  Chi Zhou , Zeyu Yuan , Zhibin Hu , Yaqun Wu , Liping Duan , Yichen Du , Xiaosi Zhou . 钾离子电池聚合物正极：储能机制与优化策略. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2026, 42(11): 100363-. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100363
12. [12]
  Kun Xu , Xinxin Song , Zhilei Yin , Jian Yang , Qisheng Song . Comprehensive Experimental Design of Preferential Orientation of Zinc Metal by Heat Treatment for Enhanced Electrochemical Performance. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(4): 192-197. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202309050
13. [13]
  Ying Li , Yushen Zhao , Kai Chen , Xu Liu , Tingfeng Yi , Li-Feng Chen . Rational Design of Cross-Linked N-Doped C-Sn Nanofibers as Free-Standing Electrodes towards High-Performance Li-Ion Battery Anodes. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(3): 2305007-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202305007
14. [14]
  Meng-Yin Wang , Ruo-Bei Huang , Jian-Feng Xiong , Jing-Hua Tian , Jian-Feng Li , Zhong-Qun Tian . Critical Role and Recent Development of Separator in Zinc-Air Batteries. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(6): 2307017-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202307017
15. [15]
  Haoyun SHENG , Jiejie LI , Ziqi TIAN . Progress in the design of oxygen evolution catalysts for water electrolysis driven by simulation and data. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2026, 42(9): 1845-1870. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20260059
16. [16]
  Fengqiao Bi , Jun Wang , Dongmei Yang . Specialized Experimental Design for Chemistry Majors in the Context of “Dual Carbon”: Taking the Assembly and Performance Evaluation of Zinc-Air Fuel Batteries as an Example. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(4): 198-205. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202311069
17. [17]
  Haihua Yang , Minjie Zhou , Binhong He , Wenyuan Xu , Bing Chen , Enxiang Liang . Synthesis and Electrocatalytic Performance of Iron Phosphide@Carbon Nanotubes as Cathode Material for Zinc-Air Battery: a Comprehensive Undergraduate Chemical Experiment. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(10): 426-432. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202405100
18. [18]
  Ke Qiu , Fengmei Wang , Mochou Liao , Kerun Zhu , Jiawei Chen , Wei Zhang , Yongyao Xia , Xiaoli Dong , Fei Wang . A Fumed SiO₂-based Composite Hydrogel Polymer Electrolyte for Near-Neutral Zinc-Air Batteries. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(3): 2304036-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202304036
19. [19]
  Congying Lu , Fei Zhong , Zhenyu Yuan , Shuaibing Li , Jiayao Li , Jiewen Liu , Xianyang Hu , Liqun Sun , Rui Li , Meijuan Hu . Experimental Improvement of Surfactant Interface Chemistry: An Integrated Design for the Fusion of Experiment and Simulation. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(3): 283-293. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202308097
20. [20]
  Xintian Xie , Sicong Ma , Yefei Li , Cheng Shang , Zhipan Liu . Application of Machine Learning Potential-based Theoretical Simulations in Undergraduate Teaching Laboratory Course Design. University Chemistry, 2025, 40(3): 140-147. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202405164

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(538)
Abstract views(1323)
HTML views(65)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142