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Citation: WEN Yue-Hua, CAO Gao-Ping, CHENG Jie, YANG Yu-Sheng. Relationship between Electrolyte Ion and Double-layer Capacitance of Carbon Electrode[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2005, 21(05): 494-498. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB20050507 shu

Relationship between Electrolyte Ion and Double-layer Capacitance of Carbon Electrode

1.
Beijing Chemical Defense Institute, Beijing 100083

Received Date: 12 October 2004
Available Online: 15 May 2005

Nanoporous glassy carbons(NPGCs) with different pore structures were prepared from phenolic-resin by carbonization at 600 ℃, followed by CO₂-acitvation at 900 ℃ for different times. Specific surface areas and characteristic pore sizes obtained from gas adsorption isotherms were correlated with ion electroadsorption at the electrical double layer obtained from the data of specific capacitance (CV). Results show that in dilute aqueous solution, there is no ion electroadsorption in the minimum region of CV curves of carbon electrode, which should be close to the point of zero charge (PZC), leading to remarkable diffusion of electrical double layer and a decrease in capacitance. Further, the smaller the pore sizes of carbon electrodes, the more diffusible electrical double layer is, resulting in a sharp decrease in capacitance. But, the effect of diffusible double-layer on double layer capacitance is reduced and even eliminated through increasing pore sizes of carbon electrodes or electrolyte concentration. The high specific capacitance of unit surface area of carbon electrodes merely indicates a high utilization ratio of specific surface area. Only with high capacitance of unit area and large specific surface area, can carbon electrode have high double-layer capacity. Hydration of ion has bad influences on double-layer capacitance of carbon electrode, which can be reduced effectively by selecting large ion or increasing pore size of carbon electrode.
- Electrolyte ion; Carbon electrode; Double-layer capacitance
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